How the Indian Government Works 

its not mandatory for the prime minister to be from the lok sabha as said in the video. PM manmohan singh was a rajya sabha member from assam

India also has 10 Autonomous District Councils (ADC). Which are like State within a State. They have their own Government, Legislative Assembly and is led by a Chief Executive Member (CEM). Election is held every 5 year. ADCs are basically Reserved Land for Native Tribals to protect their culture, identity & heritage.

The term "socialist" was added to the constitution's preamble without any democratic procedures during the infamous "emergency" declared by Indira Gandhi.

For someone who is not native to India , This video was very well made , good job

this will be the least political comment section ever

As an Indian, I will say you did a pretty good job explaining things (though I should note the previous PM Manmohan Singh was elected from the Rajya Sabha), and your pronunciation didn't kill my ears, although you kind of flubbed the long and short vowels.

As an Indian, to explain the slightly confusing concept of both Unitary and Federal structure of our government: It was done to draw a contrast between the nature of India and some other countries, like USA, UK, and Soviet Union, from where we imbibed some of the ideas for our Constitution. In the above mentioned countries, several independent geopolitical units came together to form a Union, the 4 kingdoms of UK, the 13 colonies of America, the Soviet Republics in USSR, etc. And each of these units was equal to each other and largely independent. They had provisions or at least weak ties that could enable them to Secede or break away from the larger Union, like the break up of Soviet Union, the short period of American Civil War, or the presently on going Scottish Independence referendum. In India however, this is not the case. We see our country as a single unbreakeable whole, a permanent Union of the People of India (and not states). This Union of people shall divide itself into smaller units (states) for ease of governance only and for no other claims of local autonomy. No territory of India may ever breakaway from the Union. It's punisheable as treason to speak of another separation of India (the horrors of Partition). But, such a large population we are, we might not always get along well with our cousins, and tensions will rise, so we prefer to draw lines within our country than across it. That is, we are kinda flexible with our state borders. It's not very easy to carve a new state, but not impossible. However, the Union of India shall always be a single indivisible entity. That's the Federal structure with Unitary features.

Federalism without Federalism that's India

Correction: Prime Minister can also be elected from among the Members of Rajya Sabha, as in Manmohan Singh who served as Prime Minister from 2004 to 2014 while being a Member of Parliament of Rajya Sabha from Assam

U hv got almost right,but 2 correction worth mentioning :- 1.its not necessary that PM gets elected from lok-sabha,(its ideal situation), unlike UK.But anyone can become PM,choosen by majority party but he/she must gets a membership in either of the two houses within 6 months of taking charge.(same for the ministers) 2.There is no post like deupty PM,( Constitution doesn't mention, its not a rule), it's just occasionally to satisfy the coalition partners.Since past 20 yrs India has no deputy PM. Of such complicated Nation & its politics,ur explanation in such lucid manner, deserve a applause.

Learned more about India in 6:55 than I have all year. Well done video!

Basically for all those from Presidential systems, a Ceremonial President is just there as a reserve. The government runs in their name. They are re supposed to be impartial and have no partisan bias (though most are just retired politicians). It’s a leftover feature from a constitutional monarchy where the Monarch is the head of state and is there as a backup/reserve power/monitoring authority/representative of the entire nation and not just a party. Most parliamentary forms of government are either constitutional monarchies (UK, Japan, Netherlands, Spain, Malaysia) or parliamentary republics (India, Pakistan, Germany, Ireland)

6:17 For other people not from India There are also other Autonomous District Councils Most of them from Northeast India

5:56 It's cause "Dadra and Nagar Haveli" and "Daman and Diu" were separate Union Territories before they were merged together

You should check out how India counts and collects all those votes in such a big country with some very rural areas

Great explanation...you explained almost all essential things in under 7 minutes 👏🏻👏🏻

I think every Indian would say that the Supreme court in india is the ultimate Goat in this process. They keep all this state and central government in check. Otherwise its sometimes all circus over here 😂😂😂

This is some top-notch animating and editing

Very well explained. Thanks for a great video. 🧡

Should have mentioned Panchayats, Grama Sabhas an ld Zilla Parishad. They are the basic structures of democratic fabric of India. I am also curious if such structures are present in other countries as well.

Indian constitution sees States as administrative units rather than devolved powers. Federalism still maintains high degree of centralization both for political and pragmatic reasons (Some Indian States are just too poor to manage certain Departments, Central Govt funds close to 80% of their outlays). Power between States and Centre is dictated by 7th Schedule which maintains 3 separate lists - State, Union and Concurrent. This creates an interesting framework for balancing Political Power. For eg: Policing is in the State List, however Law and Order (aka Public Order) is in Concurrent List. So Central Govt cannot perform day to day policing but can get itself involved in serious degradation of public order or station Centrally Armed Police Force to maintain public order at facilities.

ah yes, lemme watch a video about a country's political system which doesnt effect me at 12 pm midnight

Woah that was information dense… imma rewatch this

Thank you for the video❤❤❤

Actually, really well explained

We want to rip out socialist term from preamble. It was illegally inserted

That's actually quite a good explanation!

As an Indian who have studied the Indian Polity, I can confirm you worked really hard and the information is Completely correct except 2 minor errors.

FACTUAL CORRECTION: The Lok Sab elects the Prime Minister, however, the Prime Minister has to be a Member of Parliament, i.e., in one of the houses, not necessarily the Lok Sabha only.

Most accurate video about India ever

It is pretty accurate. Good source for all the class 10 kids giving Pol Sc exam.

Nice video. Thanks!

Some corrections 2:38 - no, the Prime Minister is not necessarily elected from the Lok Sabha. Only that the party or coalition having the majority will choose someone to become PM, they can be anyone qualified to be an MP in either house. If they are already not in the house, they are given six months to be elected to either house. Just to give an example, the Prime Minister before Modi was Manmohan Singh, who was in the Rajya Sabha and not the Lok Sabha. 6:16 J&K will also have its own Legislature on the lines of Puducherry. Also the Government of India is called Central Government or Union Government interchangeably. However the proper term is the Government of India.

I have seen videos on US and Chinese Government structure. Good to know about Indian government structure

Dadra and Nagar haveli Daman and Diu were once part of Portugese India while Pondicherry it's exclaves Karaikal, mahe and yanam were part of French India. Goa also once part of Portugese India got statehood whereas aforementioned remained union territories.

Yes you should definitly look into formation of Telangana. They led their own movement to seperate from Andra and form the new state Telangana. I am from Chhattisgarh and my state also carried out a movement to seperate from the larger Madhaya Pradesh. Due to this I was born in M.P. and live in C.G. although I live in the same city (Bastar) in which I was born.

Bro finally someone sensible put up the true map of India...hats off

You actually did a great job! I didn't catch any obvious mistakes. Although there's the joke about how the Indian government works - "who ever said it does?" 😂

Great work

India also has panchyat Raj institutions means at district and villages govt levels elections. Its much more democratized

0:40 the words Socialist and Secular were forcefully added in 1970s under PM Indira Gandhi’s tenure, and was not present at Independence. India no longer is Socialist.

so basically they take a really big monopoly board-

Proud to be an INDIAN🇮🇳👳

India's supposed to be a parliamentary democracy, but in practice acts like an executive dominated democracy, Indian parliament is in practice far weaker than even the US Congress in the presidential USA, the same applies to state legislatures which are even more feeble than the national parliament. Some of this is structural resulting in the extraordinary powers the Indian constitution gave to the executive despite creating a parliamentary republic (for example the ability to create temporary laws called "ordinances" sort of like executive orders in USA), how it doesn't really prevent the executive from cutting down parliamentary sessions, the speaker not being very independent in practice, the way Indian parties function, the legal prevention of MPs going against party line in the parliament, etc. So when a government has a single party majority in the parliament, the parliament (especially the Lok Sabha) turns into a rubber stamp of the executive with very little actual checking of executive power. Theoretically the Rajya Sabha offers some protection against this but in practice there are ways to completely bypass it like randomly designating a bill as a "money bill" or calling a joint session. When factoring all that only the judiciary actually checks the executive, which is why at times when the executive is very strong electorally they end up at loggerheads with the judiciary and speak of expanding parliamentary power (proxy for their power) against the judiciary like in the 70s or what you were seeing just a few months ago. Also the balance between the Union and the State is never very clear in practice either, states have gradually gotten more powerful overtime so although at the immediate post-independence period they were weak when compared to the centre and were easily dismissed by it through "presidential rule", today they're pretty powerful entities capable of going against national laws on a number of issues especially those on the concurrent list of the constitution (eg- Tamil Nadu rejecting the education policies of the centre) and are difficult to dismiss.

That was a great video. You sir have truly managed to summarise one of the most confusing institutions on the planet. Beneath the infinie levels of Byzantine bureaucracy, there exists a system that somehow works. It has managed to hold itself (even if barely) for almost 80 years now. That's a huge feat considering the examples of many other post-colonial nations sharing similar starting conditions. I'd say the secret to this lies in something called the Panchayati raj. Surely you might have come across it while researching for this video. It essentially treats every village(of which there are a lot in India) as a republic of it's own, with it's own council(panchayat). Now this isn't something India created after 1947. The panchayati system of governance has been present in India in one form or the other since atleast the time of the 16 Mahajanapadas. Across millennia the core of which makes up India has stayed the same. This means the way society is structured and "managed" has been able to go through quite some refining. Invaded time and time again by foreign threats, this system has survived the test of time into the modern era and continues to guide the democratic values in such a humongous nation. No wonder India gets to title itself the largest democracy in the world and rightly so.

Great video.

Good to have a new video. I guess that instead of them being ASAP, they have been WIFLI. It's basically the British system but without the King. In Canada, we have a system of divided sovereignty between the federal and provincial and at the federal level it's Prime Minister and Premier at the provincial.

India is a Union, which is different from a federal or Quasi federal state, like US UK, and any other. A Union is the strongest and most United form of a country. In Indian Union, there are provisions, for Inclusion of states, but not secession, like US. Like, Sikkim was not part of India, but joined later. Nepal and Baluchistan also offered to join, i don't know why but the government declined the offers. All in all India is an Unbreakable entity.

I genuinly believe if India became an Absolute Monarchy they would be by the far the most powerful country within 25 years, democracy is a flawed system that does not work in developing nations

Amazing video

Cool

India has a federal structure with a unitary bias. One will find features of both federalism and unitarianism in India.

Thanks for letting me know that Indian Government works!

My guy showing president house as parliament lol.

Thank you.

Very informative, indias finding a way to govern 1.5 billion people democratically republic society, way to go india!!

That's why western media calling modi dictator doesn't understand how tough its to be dicatator in india.

TIF India has a president and it is not Modi. Are there any good videos explaining why some presidents like Macron and Biden are in charge and there is no or less powerful PM but in some cases lik Scholz and Modi the PM is in charge and nobody really knows the president. And then there is Russia where the importance of the PM/President changed with Putin.

One explanation i liked on India government is comparing it to the Holy Roman Empire . With The president being like the emperor while having many governors of states important in their own rights in local matters . So India is run a bit like HRE while not being Roman , Holy or an empire .

China has progressed because of its government India is progressing despite it.

States formed from other states has happened in the US. Maine from Massachusetts or Kentucky from Virginia to name a few

For your kind information, you have used distorted map of India in video .. Please correct it in upcomming videos

If you ever feel bad about yourself, just remember india lost over a third of Kashmir to Pakistan despite having over a billion more people.

Dear @khAnubis, Please correct the Indian map used @ 1:24, 4:34 in the video. The Indian map which you have used is wrong and doesn't cover our Kashmir state fully. Please correct this immediately. Other than that, you have done a good job covering the major aspects. 👍

As white American, the government of India fascinates me and I wished we learned more about it. It’s history as being based in British (and to a lesser extent French and Portuguese) colonial rule and being then taken over by locals, it’s importance in the Cold War and it’s status in helping India become a rising power.

like mac ftom IASIP courtroom scene - awesome 👍

Thank you for using the images of new parliament 😅

This! How to say mildly, even, I an Indian forgot how government works after watching this video.😅

The word federal is never mentioned anywhere in Indian constitution

Slight Inaccuracy: The biggest party in the lok sabha that has proven majority does get to chose the PM but, the PM doesn't have to be from lok sabha, He can be ANY Member of Parliament. Meaning he can also be a member of rajya sabha... Manmohan Singh was from Rajya Sabha, and he was the PM in UPA govt. Nirmala Sitharaman is the current Finance Minister and she's also from Rajya sabha...

This was well-timed since I just recently listened to a video about the history of modern India's economy lol. Thank you for this informative episode. God be with you out there everybody. ✝️ :)

How does the Indian government work? Incompetently.

Indians like here 👇

Indian States in their current Borders and State didn't existed in history because they are created by Indian constitutional order. Indian States Aren't Monoethenic, Monolingual, Mono religious. There are lot of disputes between states.

We had our Partition kind of like US's North vs South civil wars. So we later made sure no more partition takes place and settle things amicably.

2:45 Its not Always required that the Prime minister be a member of Lok Sabha (people's house) ,he/she can be member of Rajya Sabha(council of States) too. The only requirement is he/she should have the support of majority of members of the Loksabha and be a Member of *Parliament*. Fun fact :- The President can also appoint a person as PM or any minister ,even if they currently not a member of Parliament but only for a period of six months . If within six months they dont get elected to either house then they must resign . 2:45

Good video! But this doesn't go all the way down to village councils. You should consider making a video about how indian politics works.

“Prime minister is elected from Lok Sabha” is a wrong statement. Prime minister can be from Rajya Sabha too. But he is always elected by Lok Sabha.

Yes, the maps were painfully wrong, only the one shown in 0:12 the intro was correct, you should take better consideration.

Say you're federal without saying you're federal

It works?

its surprising how it is still working

Woah 🤩 which building is that? 6:20 it looks so majestic

Class 9th civics class lecture

police in india can be only controlled by state government, and army by central government.

I am slightly more confused than when i started

India was a democracy

Please show our map correctly 😭😭😭

To follow Indian politics it's beyond dirty now, here we have a portal for buying MP like Amazon, of course I'm joking there is no portal but the buying part ehhh..... 😂

Title : How the Indian government works Indians : It doesn't

00:04 India has a sovereign socialist secular democratic republic with a parliamentary form of government. 00:55 India is a democratic republic with a federal government. 01:53 Indian legislature is bicameral with Lok Sabha as lower house and Rajya Sabha as upper house. 02:41 The Indian Government works through the election of a leader to be the Prime Minister. 03:35 The Indian government consists of the Council of Ministers and the Judicial branch. 04:26 The Supreme Court reviews laws and ensures they don't violate the constitution. 05:12 States in India have their own legislative assemblies, some of which are bicameral. 06:01 Indian territories have their own local governments. Crafted by Merlin AI.

Excellent video. Very well done.

1:45 u showed the picture of the Rashtrapati Bhavan - Residence of the Indian President while referring to the Parliament, which is a different building. Otherwise, good video.

Pretty much it work when not needed. And some how works and suddenly stops functioning.

Please explain how the south African government works

Nice

Please correct the indias map at the top side. Ur showing wrongly in some pictures. Ur excluding some parts of J&K

Can youtube make videos of wrong map of india 🇮🇳 availible in china 🇨🇳 and not in india

good work. Union council of ministers are not appointed by the PM, but by the President on the advice of the PM :).

Very well explained yet simple. The map shown is an accurate depiction of what is under Indian control. Brace yourself for "incorrect map" comments but what you showed is accurate.