How to design and implement a digital low-pass filter on an Arduino

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In this video, you'll learn how a low-pass filter works and how to implement it on an Arduino to process signals in real-time.
You don't have to be a mathematician to design your low-pass filter. You can use libraries to do the work for you. The python scripts linked below can help you to get started.
github.com/curiores/ArduinoTutorials/blob/main/BasicFilters/Design/LowPass/LowPassFilter.ipynb
github.com/curiores/ArduinoTutorials/blob/main/BasicFilters/Design/LowPass/ButterworthFilter.ipynb
The Arduino examples are also available:
github.com/curiores/ArduinoTutorials/tree/main/BasicFilters/ArduinoImplementations/LowPass/SimpleExamples
There's also a high-pass version now:
github.com/curiores/ArduinoTutorials/blob/main/BasicFilters/ArduinoImplementations/HighPass/HighPass.ino
with a few details about the derivation here:
github.com/curiores/ArduinoTutorials/tree/main/BasicFilters/Design/HighPass
To use the Jupyter Notebook, start by following the instructions to download Python:
wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/Download
and then follow the instructions to install Jupyter:
jupyter.org/install.html
Correction(s):
@ 9:28, the Butterworth filter sum should be from 0 to n.

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20 июн 2021

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Комментарии : 274

@vigneshperiyasamy3019 Год назад

I regret that i Have not seen this explanation during my College study. while i was studing, I could not understand DFT, FIlters, signal processing, what is the need of different plots, why we need to study bilinear transformation, what is the need of Continous, differential equations...etc. what is not covered in this video; Signals, Control system, Maths, Embedded system, Python programming.. really usefull. Thank u. thank god atleast now I came to know.

@ShirishJadav162 4 месяца назад

Same.. professors go through the theories less of implementation or failed to explain the uses of the theory they are teaching. And mostly that is why they are professors and not engineers.

@tjb6255 Год назад

You're truly underrated! I've never seen such a lucid explanation for implementing a project based on filters. Thank you very much Curio Res!!

@evanbarnes9984 2 года назад

This is insanely helpful for a project I'm working on in the long term. I can't believe you put this out for free! Instant sub

@simonsattler9587 2 года назад

Just great explaination of math background, transition and final implementation! Thank you!

@holo8447 Год назад

Imho your videos are among the best on RU-vid. Not only is the quality of your animations extremely good, the depth of your explanations allows to easily follow and understand the topics. I really hope you have a great future on RU-vid.

@ollydsouza Год назад

Thank you very much for your tutorials - calm , well paced and very educational. As a researcher this is not just learning - it is meditative experience as well.

@Corredor1230 Год назад

This is awesome, I’m learning filter design right now, and it was great to look at a practical application of it with Arduino. So cool!

@RafaelKarosuo Год назад

Digital filters is a huge topic and your example and explanations are superb! very digestible and easy to follow THANKS😃

@fahimfaisalamio8037 2 года назад

I can't begin to think how underrated this channel is. You are a Philosopher's Stone level gem!

@rahim9568 Год назад

Thank you so much, Not every teachers deserve to called one because that title is reserved for great ones like you.

@mibrahim4245 2 года назад

As a Mechatronics engineer I tell you this is ORIGINAL and indicates a deep understanding ! .. God Bless You

@wenhaoye8773 2 года назад

There is no doubt that this is one of the best videos i hv seen, super clear, easy to understand, visualization is very good.

@curiores111 2 года назад

Glad to hear that Wenhao!

@frank676 2 года назад

Great video, you made the subject understandable and easy to implement. Made my own filter and it worked just fine. I was just wandering how do you make high-pass filters.

@MrMindMaster Год назад

Just wanted to thank you.... The ugly math part is the most useful to me! I have to create the coefficients without using any scipy libraries for a project of mine. You're a lifesaver!

@manuel56354 2 года назад

OMG this video is pure gold. I never turn on the notification bell, but I just did for your channel, your videos are amazing.

@curiores111 2 года назад

wow, thank you! 😁 I had a lot of fun making this one (well okay I did get a little tired after the 20th animation script but hey you gotta put a little blood and sweat in there or it doesn't come out right).

@BeMuslimOnly 2 месяца назад

You did an exceptional job, please do more of these videos. It was very informative

@Engineer_Valat 9 месяцев назад

Great explanation, I haven't watched a video explaining technical topics so beautifully in a long time.

@curiores111 9 месяцев назад

Many thanks, Valat. Hopefully more to come soon.

@AbroadinSouthKorea Год назад

the quality of the video is really great

@FirstLast-du8lb Год назад

This is unbelievably helpful. You rock!!!

@bilalzaenal3795 2 года назад

This is great video! you explain the math background clearly and easy to understand. Thank you for sharing this video.

@curiores111 2 года назад

Glad to hear that. Thanks Bilal. 😊

@maksymkloka7819 Год назад

This is great. I wish every video on RU-vid was this awesome. Thank you.

@curiores111 Год назад

Too kind, Maksym, thank you!

@satishrengarajan5806 Год назад

Precise and concise presentation. Great video!

@prashantnayak7278 2 месяца назад

This is a really nice explanation of filter design and its implementation on real-time microcontrollers. Your python code is impressive; I am a research scientist, and I want to cite your work in one of my works on filter design for real-time noise control.

@snivesz32 2 года назад

This is so cool. It's very interesting how the continuous transfer function becomes a discrete transfer function with terms that only require the last value of y and current and last values of x. The accelerometer demonstration was a great applied example. Fantastic.

@curiores111 2 года назад

Yes its discrete form is surprisingly simple. Those coefficients pack a surprising amount of detail. Thank you for the kind words.

@snivesz32 2 года назад

@@curiores111 Can you suggest other filters that have less phase delay?

@curiores111 2 года назад

@@snivesz32 Sorry, not off-hand. Generally speaking most filters I've encountered would have more phase delay than a basic low-pass filter. There are probably some exceptions (with other tradeoffs, no doubt).

@chrisdonnell7200 Год назад

@@snivesz32 there are necessarily delays (unless you can look into the future). Even an analog low pass filter like a capacitor will cause a phase shift.

@danielardelian2 Месяц назад

Excellent presentation! The Python and Arduino code is much appreciated!

@curiores111 Месяц назад

That's very generous Daniel. I'm so glad you found the code useful. 💖

@papalevies 3 года назад

Great explanation

@TheTim2302 Год назад

Respect for the (hidden) effort making this represenatation.

@curiores111 Год назад

Too kind Tim, thank you.

@BorisGrishenco 2 года назад

High-quality video!! Thank you!

@mathmaker6946 Год назад

Just what i´ve been looking for, thank you so much. I´m thinking on crating a simple guitar tuner.

@surfacta Год назад

Wow, I have been looking for a clear tutorial on higher order digital filter and finally i found one! Would you mind making a more detailed video on deriving those parameters, and also for high pass filter? My prof didn't do a great job explaining this on DSP lecture. Thanks!

@akompsupport Год назад

Excellent video! Thanks for posting!

@dhanushkawijethunga Год назад

what a great explanation. Thank you so much !

@AhmadAsmndr 5 месяцев назад

I am glad that i found your Channel. You are making perfect content thank you very much!

@curiores111 5 месяцев назад

Great to hear that. Thanks for stopping by, Ahmad.

@rafaguevara08 2 года назад

WHAT A BEAUTIFUL WORK!! It was really useful for me... keep it on!!!

@curiores111 2 года назад

Glad to hear that 😊, thanks Rafael!

@user-pk8hn6zw8m 2 года назад

just wanted to say that this was godsent for me!

@L2.Lagrange 3 месяца назад

Very interesting. I'll have to give these a go in one of my projects, especailly that 2nd order butterworth

@ArifRahmanMY 6 месяцев назад

Fantastic explanation!

@aravindhdeivag111 3 месяца назад

Excellent content mam, you deserve a million views. I have never understood any of these before. You've connected all the subjects perfectly

@ashwatha532 11 месяцев назад

doing my masters and this video saved my assignment

@jamate 2 года назад

Thank you for making the video, keep up the great work!

@curiores111 2 года назад

😊

@johnhopkins6731 Год назад

That was a great (although fast paced) overview.

@curiores111 Год назад

thank you for the feedback. :)

@annacersongor8553 3 года назад

Great video and great explanation, thanks a lot, keep going.

@mohamedelsheraiy 3 года назад

Great video as usual, thank you!

@gamerharmeet 3 года назад

Thank you for such a nice, clear and useful video.

@curiores111 3 года назад

You are welcome, friend.

@sullianetrajano2597 Год назад

BROOO thankyou so much, this really helped and the tutorial was really easy to use as well :)

@alimar1897 Год назад

Wow, great explanation

@mbmaline 2 года назад

this is what i was looking for, great video

@curiores111 2 года назад

Good and I hope it helped :)

@janbabkiewicz9137 2 года назад

thanku you very much. Now i understand LPF. It will be great if you do this type video, visualization is the key.

@RCShowdown 2 года назад

Thank you so much for this perfect and easy to follow explaination!! Thumbs Up! :)

@curiores111 2 года назад

Well thank you friend. 😊

@herosamurai 2 года назад

Great video! kinda funny the part about "ugly math" 'cause I studied mechatronics and when I took Signal processing I really dont understand so much because there was so much abstract theory and I am more of the practical side because I am focus on Robotics, but your explanation was precise, simple and efficient, thank you!

@curiores111 2 года назад

This was also my experience with this subject. Funny how underneath all that math the essential concepts are all actually very intuitive...

@manhhuybui9609 3 года назад

Great video. Thank you so much!

@visit2explore832 2 года назад

Very well presentation... Clear my whole concept relate to filter... Well job done.. Really appreciate.

@curiores111 2 года назад

oh good! Hopefully you can filter with confidence now :)

@benjamincormack3217 5 месяцев назад

You have a wonderful channel!

@tahirkamboh147 3 года назад

What a great explanation 👌.

@malikjavadov366 Год назад

Damn, this was so smooth

@jonni2734 Месяц назад

Beautiful video! Thanks!!!!!

@alirezaakhavi9943 Год назад

really amazing video thank you very much! very informative beautifully explained and technical! subbed! :)

@ramiramiz5555 2 года назад

Really that was amazing, i will recommend your video to my students.

@curiores111 2 года назад

Thanks Rami, very kind.

@fikrizaini6443 Год назад

Thanks for this great lecture. Help me a lot in my final project😊

@curiores111 Год назад

Delighted to hear that fikri :)

@aliala8008 2 года назад

Thanks for video. I will wait the others :)

@curiores111 2 года назад

Thank you, friend. More coming soon!

@Ivan-tw4cz 2 месяца назад

Lovely video!

@evanlane1690 Год назад

These are amazing! I'm really hoping you're planning on continuing your channel. Your explanations are fantastic.

@gvcallen 2 года назад

Amazing video. Great high level overview of the math it takes to perform such a task as well, which is what I was mainly interested in. Thanks a lot!

@curiores111 2 года назад

Hi Gary, you're welcome and great to hear that! 😁

@rick_er2481 2 года назад

Great video!

@andrewandrosow4797 Год назад

Hello! Good video! For the first.There are loat of calculations with floating point - it takes a lot of processor time because there isn`t any FPU.The RAM can be too little. It is real to implementation a moving average filter - but this filter is more fit to time domain (it`s bad filtering in frequency domain).

@user-tb2oj1tj4f 2 года назад

your explanation is best!

@curiores111 2 года назад

thank you 😄

@Petch85 Год назад

This was a grate refresh of and old cause I took years ago. But I have some questions. 1. What influence dos the sampling frequency have. What would happen if you sampled slow or if you sampled super fast? (say 100 Hz and 10kHz) 2. If it was sound. If I needed real time sound, say I was recording on my pc, and I could only allow a delay of 5 ms, who would I find the order I could accept. 3. And if it was sound and the phase change is different for different frequencies, how high an order could I accept without hearing the phase change? Assuming it was for a recording and the delay could be handled before combining with other signals. 4. If you have multiple signals and you want a low of high pass filter on all the signals, is it better to apply the filters on each signal chain or only one filter on the combined signal. You know it is a good video when you just keep coming up with new questions. 🙂

@TheOmnimorpheus 2 года назад

Very good explanation 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻

@andreapecile3300 Год назад

Excellent ! Subscribed !

@MohitGupta-qm6ff 2 года назад

Great video... 2nd order low pass filter tutorial will b of great help

@curiores111 2 года назад

Hi Mohit, I actually go over the 2nd order butterworth filter in the second half of the video ;)

@Dheerajsingh0509 2 года назад

Who are you my love? You have made my life easy. Thank you.

@bflmpsvz870 Месяц назад

This is amazing!

@gabrielgraf2521 2 года назад

Wow this Video help me alot thxx

@klave8511 2 года назад

This is a great explanation and has a real input as an example, well done. Some inputs need different filters because they use the data for different reasons. Your example showed an IMU data stream likely useful for position control and so time delay becomes crucial. Could you also include some aspects of the time domain signal, how much is the waveform distorted by the filter. I’m thinking about, for example, a single bit of data or a sonar reflection. Ringing artifacts on the time signal add features to the filtered signal. If you choose the wrong filter, the response may affect position control too, causing overshoot and actuator wear. Your data bandwidth, your actuator bandwidth and your noise level are some of the inputs that your filter design needs, I’m sure there are a few more. Would be great to see you demystify these in a future video. As a late thought, some explanation of the difference between just using a PID control strategy and including a filter before the controller. Is it valid to filter the measured variable before using it for control?

@curiores111 2 года назад

time delay is absolutely crucial. Increases in delay directly destabilize the control system. So as you say, this would cause overshoot, and in extreme cases destabilize the control entirely. I'd certainly be interested in creating a video exploring the details of filter design. Thank you for the request. There would be a lot to unpack there, so I'd have to think about what might be useful to a general audience on youtube. It is absolutely valid to filter the variable in the control system. As you said, if the delay is high, this could cause some stability issues. But in other cases this can be very helpful (for example where there is measurement error, as you can see in this video: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-HRaZLCBFVDE.html ). The delay caused by the first order filter is pretty small, so on the time scale of the motor response it's not really destabilizing the system. If you compute the transfer function of the motor, you could multiply the transfer funciton of the filter, and analyze exactly how much the stability using standard methods.

@user-fe7iy2cl6h Год назад

Congratulations for this great work, it's very useful. Please let us know how you did you get coefficients a and b.

2 года назад

Thank you for sharing

@MEan0207 3 года назад

thank you! It's great and very useful video.

@curiores111 3 года назад

glad to hear that! Thanks for stopping by. :)

@darkside3ng 2 года назад

Amazing!!! Loved it

@curiores111 2 года назад

Much obliged. 😄

@SLguitarGuy 2 года назад

Good explanation

@frodebang 3 года назад

Thank you for making this : )

@curiores111 3 года назад

sure, thanks for stopping by :)

@botanysilkiebreeders7732 Год назад

A Low Pass filter acts as an integrator too. This content is only available in my 4th year UNI, you learn all the prerequisite math but it's up to you to figure out how to apply the math for hardware applications.

@qzorn4440 6 месяцев назад

What wonderful example and a beautiful voice. 😎 Thank you. Is there something better?

@jakobgammelgaard4853 2 года назад

Great video. Thanks!

@curiores111 2 года назад

Certainly :)

@marcinwitkowski2981 2 года назад

9999999!!!!!!!!!!!!! the best explanation EVER !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

@eyadmothana5506 Месяц назад

I always want to learn about these things. But never find any. Thank u very much

@malehakim248 Год назад

First of all, this is a very much master piece. After getting frustrated in implementing a narrow-bandpass filter in the Analog world, am looking forward to implementing it in the digital world. Do you mind doing a video on using a bandpass filter?

@curiores111 Год назад

Appreciate the request. I actually have a analog filter video planned as well as bandpass/high-pass. Hard to get to them, though. Hopefully I will find some time soon.

@tihomirraicevic4761 2 года назад

Great video.

@tonyray91 Год назад

Very impressive

@subhadipsaha2667 2 года назад

Awesome tutorial. I was still wondering how is the phase delay calculated ? and, How can we compensate that ? Thanks.

@RESC_Eng Год назад

your videos are fantastic reference.really the words is too few to thank you. I do the same using matlab , it is simpler than python code, just two or three instructions do the same.

@tomitomi7941 Год назад

Thank you.

@Kaka-zs4cp 2 года назад

I freaking Love you. Thank you very much

@gkhnylmz53 7 месяцев назад

Omg thank you so much 😍

@curiores111 7 месяцев назад

You are so welcome! 😊

@sametkarakoyunlu8835 Год назад

Great !!

@autovisiontech4478 2 года назад

Thanks for your video, do you have a video on how to install and use the calculator on python? I really need that

@qli880 2 года назад

I took a dynamic system course at university 4 years ago and still not clear about the phase diagram mean in the bode plot until I watched this video.

@curiores111 2 года назад

That's *exactly* what I thought about the phase plot. One of the reasons I included so much detail in this video. Thanks for noticing Q.

@jaydeepumarya1110 8 месяцев назад

Really nice video 🎉🎉❤❤

@curiores111 8 месяцев назад

Appreciate this 😊

@connermorcombe4465 3 года назад

Very nice

@rickyprayogi6068 Год назад

your videos are very educational, and really help me in learning. May I ask how to apply Butterworth on MPU 6050 on Arduino? to deepen my learning about the MPU6050. previously I have tried. it's just that it fails and the calculation results don't fit.

@shrinandaggarwal8564 2 года назад

Great video!!! can you also share the code for the actual real sensor readings instead of a synthetic one? I am having a hard time getting the sampling rate for my sensor.

@curiores111 2 года назад

It only took me seven months... but I did create a video with code operating on a sensor directly, it's here: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-eM4VHtettGg.html