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How to use phase diagrams and the lever rule to understand metal alloys 

Billy Wu
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Interested in learning more?
📚I highly recommend the textbook "Material Science and Engineering" by Callister and Rethwisch which you can get here amzn.to/4cn2v8v
Metal alloys are used in many everyday applications ranging from cars to coins. By alloying a metal with another element we can control it's properties and microstructure. This video covers the basic concepts in metal alloys, phase diagrams and the lever rule, to help us understand how a materials properties are changed with varying compositions.
00:00 Introduction
00:12 Why is this important?
02:00 The basic building blocks - The periodic table
03:05 Basic concepts
04:12 What is a phase?
05:23 Complete solid solubility
06:42 Equilibrium phase diagrams for complete solid solubility
08:59 Limited solid solubility
10:01 Limited solid solubility example
10:56 Equilibrium phase diagram for limited solid solubility
12:46 Equilibrium microstructures
13:49 The lever rule
16:32 Lever rule derivation
18:08 Phase diagram example
22:07 Summary
#PhaseDiagrams #Metals #LeverRule
Twitter: / icbillywu
Personal website: www.imperial.ac.uk/people/bill...
Personal website: www.billywu.xyz/
About us: www.imperial.ac.uk/design-engi...

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4 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 103   
@sollinw
@sollinw 3 года назад
the best video I ve seen about this theme so far
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 3 года назад
Thanks. Appreciate the comment
@rajaryaann
@rajaryaann 6 месяцев назад
True
@someguy7723
@someguy7723 2 года назад
Im torn between just enjoying how simple and well you explain things, and being irrationally angry at my own lecturer for just being so bad at explaining somthing he clearly knows every aspect off... Great work man, you are a life saver, and saves me from hating material engineering
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Thanks. I think material science is a really interesting subject! Can do some much with it
@bruhxd9209
@bruhxd9209 Год назад
My god i relate
@makego
@makego 11 месяцев назад
I feel ya. This was the case for my calculus classes. The rambling professor was not only the instructor but had also written our relatively impenetrable textbook. One of my classmates quipped, "He knows what he's doing; he just can't tell you about it!"
@terrycheng4094
@terrycheng4094 7 месяцев назад
Same thoughts bro. This guy is just too good compare to my lecturer.
@cooperjio
@cooperjio 2 года назад
Thank you Mr. Billy Wu, you really helped me understand this topic. You explained everything so clearly!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Glad it helped
@dominikgoluch6559
@dominikgoluch6559 2 года назад
Thank you so much! I watched so many videos in an attempt to understand this and you explained it so well, thank you so much.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Glad it was helpful!
@billminckler6550
@billminckler6550 2 года назад
So well done. Helping us to understand how temperature affects materials. THANK YOU!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Glad it was helpful!
@rahulmenon-jt6pb
@rahulmenon-jt6pb Год назад
Thank you so much. I never had proper clarity about this while pursuing my engineering degree. Now I do! All thanks to you!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad it helped!
@vinitaahuja2486
@vinitaahuja2486 Год назад
This is wonderful. Explained very well and in very simplified manner. Thank you .!! :)
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Thanks. Glad to hear you found it useful
@reinholdburchardt4581
@reinholdburchardt4581 3 года назад
Wonderful explanation, and thankfully so detailed that one is not left with any open questions remaining at the end! Thank you!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 3 года назад
Glad you found it useful :)
@trade_perfectionist2235
@trade_perfectionist2235 3 года назад
Sir plz make video on making phase diagram from cooling curves, this video was truly fantastic.
@satrioesar7151
@satrioesar7151 2 года назад
Great explanation, thank you sir for making this video. I'll watch the other one for sure.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Thanks
@joeywang9978
@joeywang9978 11 месяцев назад
Thank you so much from KCL next door. You have explained one of the most difficult topic in materials so wonderfully and explicitly!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 11 месяцев назад
Thanks and glad it was helpful
@izyhew1081
@izyhew1081 3 года назад
Sir,may i know how to calculate lever rule if the mass of unknown liquids are given without molar mass for temperature-composition phase diagram?
@agusrcas3448
@agusrcas3448 Год назад
Very useful video, made ut easy and accesible what some professors make complicated for no reason.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad to hear you found it useful
@JZ1917
@JZ1917 3 года назад
Superb material! Thank you for making this.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 3 года назад
Glad to hear it was helpful
@rodrigojesus8961
@rodrigojesus8961 4 месяца назад
Thank you very much, this helped light years of work, it is so well explained, thank you my friend
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 4 месяца назад
Glad it helped
@cymbalsalvation1427
@cymbalsalvation1427 3 года назад
Really great video thank you for making and sharing. Best wishes.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 3 года назад
Many thanks :)
@sunmichoi6888
@sunmichoi6888 2 года назад
Thank you so much!!
@rahulpanditpwwale8070
@rahulpanditpwwale8070 6 месяцев назад
This is literally amazing video thanks for making this video
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 6 месяцев назад
Glad to hear it was useful
@bekhruznuraliev4431
@bekhruznuraliev4431 3 года назад
thank you for such a detailed explanation
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 3 года назад
Glad it was helpful!
@user-ot5wg9tl7y
@user-ot5wg9tl7y 10 месяцев назад
Thank you Sir for the systematic explanation. Best wishes for you
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 10 месяцев назад
Thanks. Glad to hear it helped
@michaelmuiruri3623
@michaelmuiruri3623 Год назад
Very informative and good explanation simple and clear kudos.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad it was helpful!
@pradgadagkar8557
@pradgadagkar8557 2 года назад
Loved ur lecture and ur style supported by suitable sketches. Excellent. I am a lecturer myself. Shall adopt ur style soon.🙏
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Thanks!
@simrannahar8262
@simrannahar8262 Год назад
This is the best materials science video ever made
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Thankssss
@davidcorrea1663
@davidcorrea1663 Год назад
Thank you so much! Very useful.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad it was helpful!
@debu326
@debu326 6 месяцев назад
Phase diagram is very easy now for me sir, thank you very much for making this video.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 6 месяцев назад
Glad it was helpful
@ramamanikanta2223
@ramamanikanta2223 3 года назад
Very good
@Steynkasegwe
@Steynkasegwe 6 месяцев назад
Well compiled and explained thank you
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 6 месяцев назад
Glad it was helpful!
@lachlantate2379
@lachlantate2379 2 года назад
Very helpful thank you!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Glad it was helpful!
@joshtargo6834
@joshtargo6834 3 года назад
might use this to help teach my materials course. thanks.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 3 года назад
Glad to hear it's helpful Josh
@rajeevmech9
@rajeevmech9 2 года назад
simple and informative
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Glad it was helpful!
@oluwatosinoseni5413
@oluwatosinoseni5413 Год назад
Wonderful explanation
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Thanks
@adrianholguin1988
@adrianholguin1988 2 года назад
Thanks
@alikhaled844
@alikhaled844 Год назад
Very helpful thank you very much
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad you found it useful
@azz650
@azz650 Год назад
Amazing explanation
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Thanks. Glad it was helpful
@thedazzlingape2006
@thedazzlingape2006 2 года назад
one reason I heard nordic gold was used for coins is because it is a hellish material to diy, it has an insane oxidazation and slag build up which makes cleanly casting it a very fickle and near impossible task, without some proper machinery and setups. so think of it like this: "if you make a perfect 50cent coin mold, it would take you atleast 5 50cent coins to have 1 successful 50cent coin. because most of the alloy would turn into slag/crud/oxidated-sponge-mass"
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Great insight
@Thiyagadhayalan
@Thiyagadhayalan Месяц назад
wonderful video!
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Месяц назад
Thanks
@saltman4935
@saltman4935 2 года назад
amazing my professor should learn to teach like this
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Thanks :)
@AryanBhole563
@AryanBhole563 Год назад
Thank you sir.
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad you found it useful
@micas9206
@micas9206 7 месяцев назад
Hello, Thank you so much for this video!!! It helped clarify so much that I missed in lectures. Could you clarify or provide a source that explains why we can use the lever rule to help us find out the wt% compositions of each phase? 19:08
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 7 месяцев назад
Thanks. I have a separate video where I go though the full derivation for the lever rule which can be found here (ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-eWs6Sv4S7yU.htmlsi=8BixPQrt0foTLhkp). In terms of good source, I recommend Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction by Callister
@user-go3es3qp3l
@user-go3es3qp3l 2 года назад
Excelent video
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 года назад
Thanks
@santhoshvenkat7356
@santhoshvenkat7356 2 года назад
Please do more videos , you are a simplified teacher...!
@gravnine
@gravnine 2 года назад
rude
@kucingputih2649
@kucingputih2649 11 месяцев назад
Thankyou so much for explaining it. May I ask what if we have 3 different metals. How is the graph gonna be?
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 11 месяцев назад
Thanks. Glad to hear you found it useful. As you go to more elements the graph does become a bit more messy. If you search for ternary phase diagrams you can see some examples of the presentation of 3 element systems.
@kucingputih2649
@kucingputih2649 11 месяцев назад
@@BillyWu I appreciate your response. I'll definitely check out ternary phase diagrams.
@ibrahimirungu6908
@ibrahimirungu6908 9 месяцев назад
❤❤
@Billybutcher31
@Billybutcher31 Год назад
Thanks 🙏
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Glad to hear it was useful
@bijayanshrestha2459
@bijayanshrestha2459 Год назад
Hello sir, at 17:29 when Mn/M = X/100, why did you divide by 100? thank you
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Good question. M_N is the mass of nickel and M is the total mass of the alloy. M_N/M is therefore the mass fraction of nickel in the alloy expressed as a fraction. X we define as the percentage composition of nickel in the alloy and thus the division by 100 is to convert the percentage amount to a fractional amount.
@yigitcanbaysal824
@yigitcanbaysal824 5 месяцев назад
Hi professor I have a question here about driving force. Why does driving force increases as temperature differrence is increasing ? If we have large supercooling , for example, we have _many nucleis, small crystals ,rapid nucleation rate_ .But for small supercooling we have opposites. I wonder why it is like that?
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 5 месяцев назад
Temperature is a key parameter in controlling metal properties. Under slow cooling rates, atoms have sufficient time to move to where they thermodynamically want to be, allowing for the formation of larger crystals and more ductile metals. For faster cooling you get many nucleation sites resulting in smaller crystals. The finer grains tend to increase strength but reduce ductility
@katetakoronou
@katetakoronou Год назад
bless you
@BillyWu
@BillyWu Год назад
Hope you found it useful
@Feed_Science
@Feed_Science 4 месяца назад
why melting point for eutectic composition is lower than eighter of the elements
@vikaspanchal7564
@vikaspanchal7564 3 месяца назад
Can you please share ppt?
@rumely7232
@rumely7232 2 месяца назад
love
@BillyWu
@BillyWu 2 месяца назад
Hope you found it useful
@CH_name258
@CH_name258 Год назад
10:00 two phase alloys
@abdelaziztaleb5602
@abdelaziztaleb5602 2 года назад
graphe du Fer-carbone pour les fontes GL/GS
@amruazam4614
@amruazam4614 Год назад
Unikl hadir
@YXu-kw8me
@YXu-kw8me Месяц назад
like I am taking lecture hhh
@user-hm2gb6pm6b
@user-hm2gb6pm6b 10 дней назад
218 atm 218 atm 218 atm 0.006 atm 0.006 atm 0.006 atm
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