The Evolution of Ancient Egypt's Pyramids and How were the pyramids of egypt really built ?
The Pyramids at Giza were built to endure an eternity, but how?
How the ancient wonder was built is one of Egypt's biggest mysteries and Mundo Muyloco is here to look for the answers. Archaeologists do have insight into who built them and what they hold inside. Ready for the anser ?
The Giza Pyramids and he monumental tombs are relics of Egypt's Old Kingdom era and were constructed some 4,500 years ago.
Egypt's pharaohs expected to become gods in the afterlife. To prepare for the next world they erected temples to the gods and massive pyramid tombs for themselves-filled with all the things each ruler would need to guide and sustain himself in the next world. The after life.
Who built the Pyramids of Giza ?
Pharaoh Khufu was the first Egyptian king to build a pyramid in Giza, a project he began in circa 2550 B.C. But his teacher was his father, Snefru how did a few mistakes before him.
But lets talk about Kufu. His Great Pyramid is the largest in Giza and originally towered some 147 metersabove the plateau and Its estimated 2.3 million stone blocks each weigh an average of 2.5 to 15 tons. Really Heavy.
Khufu's son. Khafre, built the second pyramid at Giza, circa 2520 B.C. His necropolis, or burial ground, stands out on the landscape because it also includes the Sphinx, a mysterious limestone monument with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh. The Sphinx, which before the 1800s spent thousands of years buried in the sand with only its head visible, may stand sentinel for the pharaoh’s tomb complex, although there’s no definitive proof that he built it.
Who did build the Spinx? 4,500 years later ?
This is for another video. This one is about pyramids.
The third of the Giza Pyramids is considerably smaller than the first two-less than half their height at about 218 feet. Built by Khafre’s son Menkaure circa 2490 B.C. the pyramid’s elaborate complex includes two separate temples connected by a long causeway, and three individual queens’ pyramids. Menkaure’s chambers include niche decorations unique to Giza and a vaulted ceiling in his burial chamber itself. The pharaoh’s elaborate sarcophagus was lost at sea near Gibraltar in 1838.
How were the pyramids built?
This is a complocated question with lots of theoryes.
The ancient engineering feats at Giza were so impressive that even today scientists and engineers can't be sure exactly how the pyramids were built. Yet they have learned much about the people who built them and the political power necessary to make it happen.
The builders were skilled Egyptian workers who lived in a nearby temporary city sprawling over some 17 acres. The remains of bakeries and piles of animal bones show that they were very well fed for their labor. Archaeological digs on the fascinating site have revealed a highly organized community, rich with resources, that must have been backed by strong central authority.
Who was the first Pharaoh?
Archaeological sites across Egypt and records written on ancient papyri show that boatmen used the Nile and a network of artificial waterways to bring materials to the Giza Plateau, including granite from Aswan quarries, copper cutting tools from the Sinai Peninsula, and timber from Lebanon. To sustain the workers, they also delivered cattle from farms near the Nile Delta.
It's likely that communities across Egypt contributed workers, as well as food and other essentials, for what became in some ways a national project to display the wealth and control of the ancient pharaohs.
Scientists and engineers are still debating exactly how the pyramids were constructed. It’s generally believed that the Egyptians moved massive stone blocks to the heights along large ramps, greased by water or wet clay, using a system of sledges, ropes, rollers, and levers. Some suggest exterior ramps either zig-zagged or spiraled around each pyramid, while a more controversial theory suggests internal ramps were used.
These secrets of the pyramids’ construction may lie below the surface. Perhaps as future imaging technology reveals the arrangements of blocks inside, they will provide a blueprint for how Egyptian builders created these timeless monuments.
REFERENCES:
Fall, Abdoulaye, et al. "Sliding friction on wet and dry sand." Physical review letters 112.17 (2014): 175502.
Lehner, M. (1997). The complete pyramids. Thames and Hudson.
Parry, D. (2005). Engineering the pyramids. The History Press.
Smith, Craig B., Zahi Hawass, and Mark Lehner. How the great pyramid was built. Harper Collins, 2006.
Verner, M. (2003). The pyramids: their archaeology and history. Atlantic.
Verner, M. (2007). The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture, and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments. Grove/Atlantic, Inc.
And Net Geo :
www.nationalgeographic.com/hi...
18 янв 2024
