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Maslow's Pyramid, or Hierarchy of Human Needs, is a psychological theory proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 work: A Theory of Human Motivation, which he later expanded.
Basic needs
They are basic physiological needs to maintain homeostasis (regarding health); within these, the most obvious are:
Need to breathe, drink water, and feed.
Need to maintain pH balance and body temperature.
The need to sleep, unwind and eliminate waste.
Need to avoid pain and have sex.
Safety and security needs
These arise when the physiological needs remain compensated. They are the needs to feel safe and protected, even to develop certain limits in terms of order. Within them we find:
Physical and health security.
Security of employment, income and resources.
Moral, family and private property security.
Affiliation and affection needs
They are related to the affective development of the individual, they are the needs of:
Association
Participation
Acceptance
Esteem needs
Maslow described two types of esteem needs, one high and one low.
High esteem concerns the need for self-respect, and includes feelings such as confidence, competence, mastery, achievement, independence, and freedom.
Low esteem concerns the respect of other people: the need for attention, appreciation, recognition, reputation, status, dignity, fame, glory, and even dominance.
Self-actualization or self-actualization
This last level is somewhat different, and Maslow used various terms to describe it: "growth motivation," "need to be," and "self-actualization."
It is the highest psychological need of the human being, it is at the top of the hierarchies, and it is through its satisfaction that a justification or a valid meaning to life is found through the potential development of an activity
16 сен 2024
