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Sri M commences the explanation of the Katha Upanishad in Session 4 of the IIT Delhi Online Course 3. He begins the session by narrating the story of the young brahmin boy, Nachiketa, son of Sage Vajashravasa, the rishi who sends Nachiketas away to the abode of Lord Yama which leads to the teachings of the Kathopanishad by Lord Yama to young Nachiketas. After explaining a few of the initial shlokas, Sri M answers a few questions put forth by the students of IIT Delhi.
00:00 - Introduction
00:18 - What is meant by - ‘A Scientific Approach to studying the Upanishads’?
02:44 - Science of Yoga or Upanishads - Study of the observer rather than the observed; Instruments of Perception
18:12 - Katha Upanishad - Introduction and Shanti mantra
20:24 - Brief summary - Story of the Katha Upanishad - Nachiketas
30:40 - Shloka by Shloka explanation
34:02 - Shraddha
40:04 - Vajashravasa sending Nachiketas to the God of Death
41:27 - Everything in the world keeps changing.
44:13 - Section 2 - Nachiketas in the House of Death
52:08 - Nachiketas’ first boon
53:44 - Q&A begins
54:11 - Q1 - You mentioned that the ancient Rishis were scientists of the mind who had complete control over their senses and were advanced spiritually. If that was the case, why then have we, degenerated into what we are today? When did this decline begin? And when did the progress begin?
59:37 - Q2 - With reference to the story of Nachiketas in Katha Upanishad, the cows given, was it a symbolic representation of material wealth; the father symbolising the body and Nachiketa being the soul which is curious to seek the knowledge of the Absolute Truth?
01:02:24 - Q3 - In the story, did Nachiketa actually die or did he just walk over to Yamalok, because if he did die Lord Yama would have picked him up Himself?
01:03:23 - Q4 - Referring to the previous session on the Mandukya Upanishad, I read elsewhere that the first 3 stages (waking, dream and deep sleep) are related to the mind while the 4th stage - 'Turiya' is not really a stage but a witness to the other three. Is that interpretation valid?
01:06:52 - Q5 - In the Katha Upanishad, when Sage Vajashravasa tells Nachiketas that he will give him away to the God of Death, at that point in time, isn't he showing that he is not just giving away useless things...?
01:08:13 - Q6 - By conducting the Vishvajit sacrifice, what does Sage Vajashravasa aim to achieve?
01:10:06 - Q7 - When we read the Upanishadic texts it is very open to our understanding or our interpretations... Can you please clarify?
01:15:12 - Q8 - In the Mandukya Upanishad, I came across a fifth state called Turiyateet, where it says we carry the deep meditative state all the time...Can you explain?
01:20:26 - Q9 - You said, "When we have to learn about the mind, we have to start with, "I don't know"..". So, is it that, every time we have to learn about the mind, we have to start with, "I don't know" so that we can concentrate?
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3 июл 2024
