Indonesian batik is a traditional handcrafted textile rich in intangible cultural values, passed down for generations in Java and elsewhere since the early 19th century, and even more widely since the mid-1980s. The earliest reference to batik is found in the text of Siksa Kanda, 1517AD.
Batik is made by applying dots and lines of hot wax to cloth using a copper pen-like instrument (canthing tulis), or copper stamps (canthing cap), to resist hand-dyeing. The wax is later removed by boiling and/or scraping, repeating the process for each colour. The entire process is carried out by hand, mostly as a cottage industry.
Batik patterns and motifs possess deep symbolism related to social status, local community, nature, history and cultural heritage. Batik culture clearly promotes cultural diversity, culture-based industry and human creativity, keeping in mind symbolic and cultural values.
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- STUPPA Indonesia
- ICHCAP
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Script
My name is Haryani Winotosastro. Batik is one of the Indonesian handicrafts who have high and noble cultural arts.
The word mbathik (making batik), mba or amba makes tick and then make a fuss. So batik is a series of twists and turns, so it can be a line.
In the past, the ancestors made their batik, initially by fasting to create a motive. It looks like there are rituals related to the contents of the motif. It consists of its consumer expectation, for whom, and when it will be used.
Batik must have a hot wax barrier process. That can be called batik. According to SNI (Indonesian National Standard), it can be produce by hand or canting cap or both.
Batik in Giriloyo already exist more than 300 years ago. The palace uses batik cloth every time with certain motifs that are ordered from the communities around Giriloyo, Cengkehan, and Karang Kulon because this is the area closest to the king's tomb in Imogiri. In those years we were limited to batik laborers. So, make a piece of white cloth. Then after it is finished, we return it to the skipper or those who provide work, most of which are families of the palace.
The batik motifs are geometric and non-geometric. The geometric motifs are like batik ceplok, parang, semen. Then, non-geometric is more difficult than the geometric ones because the geometric it's easy to repeat.
Then, batik motifs. The advantages of batik in Indonesia, especially in Java, it have philosophical meanings. The motives in Yogyakarta are represent the life cycle. So, from the womb baby to mitoni (seven months pregnancy ceremony) there are certain batik motifs. Then, for those who gave birth there was a sling, there also a special motive for that. and for the wedding, there is an special motive that called sidomukti motive, it will be made with names such as mukti (prosper) or sidoasih. Siraman (a ritual before getting married) was using cakar ayam motif (chicken scratch pecks). It is expected to foster a family and earn a living like chicken scratching with a craft to find food.
So, that was the wedding. Parents also use certain motives, namely truntum to hereditary. Then, until people die there is a certain motive, namely slobog (lobog), which means let me loose the way.
There are three types of batik and the one that recognized by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage is the batik that made with canting (the motive manually drawled), then stamped batik with canting stamp, and batik with combination of stamp and writing.
There are several things that need to be considered in batik production process. The selection of raw material, the type of fabric, coloring and candle coating. There is not all types of fabric can be colored to the fullest. The best color is cotton fabric, specially the fabric that doesn't have a lot of plastic mixture. Then just cleaned or washed. Only after it's ironed. New sketches or drawings are made. Pattern whether to be classic, or want to be contemporary, or abstract. Then just make batik. There are also several stages in this batik. The first is nglowong, this stage is incised candles to all existing motives. After that is isen-isen (filled in). It can be small dots or small lines, it's called isian. And nembok (blocking stage).
Allow me to explain what is now done by Mrs. Ngadiyem. She is doing batik drawing. The wall closes the pictures with night candles. This means that the finishing process is in the process of basic batik, while what is done by Ms. Atik is to make carikan (swatch).
Stamp batik is stamped with a canting stamp because it has a motif stamped on it. So, it's faster and easier. Live with drawn directly with motives stamp. The stamp batik already exist in 1940, but the initial batik is batik tulis (handwritten batik). Its take time to produce a batik tulis. The printed batik technology made the production much faster.
2 окт 2024
