Basra (Iraq) was one of the largest cities in the Muslim world. In the 20th century, it was even called the “Venice of the East”.
However, today, Basra is going through a veritable descent into hell.
How is it possible ? What are the explanations behind this decline? We will see.
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⏰ Chapters ⏰
0:00 - Intro
2:15 - The first heyday of Basra (7th-10th centuries)
11:13 - The Renaissance of Basra (15th-19th centuries)
16:43 - The descent into hell (20th-21st centuries)
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📕 Bibliography 📕
1️⃣ Main references
Marco Demichelis, “Basra, cradle of Islamic culture. An analysis of the urban area that was the early home of Islamic Studies”, Edward G. Farrugia S.J (ed.), Orientalia Christiana Analecta, Rome, 2013, p. 191-220
Charles Pellat, Le milieu basrien et la formation de Jâhiz, doctoral thesis, faculty of letters of the University of Paris, Adrien-Maisonneuve, Paris, 1953.
Charles Pellat, Katherine H. Lang, “Basra, until the Mongol conquest”, Encyclopedia of Islam (3rd edition)
Steven Helmsley Longrigg, Katherine H. Lang, "Basra since the Mongol conquest", Encyclopedia of Islam (3rd edition).
Christopher Melchert, “Basra and Kufa as the Earliest Centers of Islamic Legal Controversy”, Behnam Sadeghi, Asad Q. Ahmed, Adam Silverstein and Robert Hoyland (eds), Islamic Cultures. Islamic Contexts, Brill, Leiden-Boston, 2015, p. 173-194.
Lazar Marius, "Basra: geopolitics of a Shiite region", Hérodote, vol. 130, no. 3, 2008, p. 76-111.
Pierre-Jean Luizard, “Iraq, the State Against Society”: www.oasiscenter.eu/en/iraq-st... (February 25, 2021)
Rudi Matthee, “Boom and Bust: The Port of Basra in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries”, Lawrence G. Potter, The Persian Gulf in History, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009, p. 105-127.
2️⃣ Secondary references
Josef W. Meri (ed.), Medieval Islamic Civilization. An Encyclopedia, vol. 1, Routledge, New York and London, 2006.
Quentin Müller and Sebastian Castelier (the reporter), “Bassora, the Venice of Iraq in danger”, OrientXXL, August 30, 2018: orientxxi.info/magazine/basso... peril,2603
Fred Donner, “Tribal Settlement in Basra during the First Century A.H”, Tarif Khalidi (dir.), Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East, American University of Beirut, Beirut, 1984.
Safaa Khalaf, “The Basra uprising shakes Iraq”, Orient XXI, September 11, 2018: orientxxi.info/magazine/le-so...
Sylvain Mercadier and Araz Muhamad Arash, “The militias, a key issue in the political reconstruction of Iraq”, Orient XXI, February 6, 2018.
Naji, A. J. and Y. N. Ali, “The Suqs of Basrah: Commercial Organization and Activity in a Medieval Islamic City”, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, vol. 24, No. 3, 1981, p. 298-309.
Beaujard P (2019) The worlds of the Indian ocean. A global history, vol II. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Benraad, Miriam. Iraq beyond all wars. Misconceptions about a state in transition. Paris, The Blue Rider, 2018.
Rudi Matthee, “Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra. 1600-1700”, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 2006, Vol. 69, No. 1, 2006, p. 53-78.
Rudi Matthee, “Boom and Bust: The Port of Basra in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries”, Charles Tripp, A History of Iraq, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 8-29.
3️⃣ Videos
AFP (7 September 2018): • Irak: Bassora à feu et...
Medi1TV Africa (September 6, 2018): • Irak: la tension persi...
Human Rights Watch (July 22, 2019): • How Iraq's Neglect Mad...
VICE News (September 14, 2018): • Iraq’s Water Protests ...
FRANCE 24 English (November 17, 2022): • Iraq's Basra under pre...
▶️ Some vlogs
@lukeandpaulie: • What Happened to Basra...
Doug Barnard: • First Impressions of B...
Kino Yves: • Making friends in the ...
French (Les Marioles Trotters) on Iraq: • Un autre visage de l'I... / • L'Irak comme vous ne l...
🎶 Music 🎶
Adrian Von Ziegler
Ancient Arabian Music
Crusaders Kings II and III
Medieval II
Relaxing Arabian Music
Stronghold Crusader Soundtrack
The Elder Scrolls V Skyrim
Generic Oud: • Video
#Iraq #Basra #environment
23 июл 2024
