Jet Fuel Nozzles II - Turbine Engines: A Closer Look 

it's incredible to think the people who built this engine have probably long since passed away, it's a good monument to their engineering skill and workmanship

WHY??? Why did i have to watch this 2 minutes after i decided to go to sleep??? now i must watch all your videos because they are simply amazing!!!

As an engineering student, I find your videos are very helpful in understanding turbine engine systems

As a pilot studying for my ATPL's all your videos help a lot! After spending 2 weeks reading how a turbofan engine works, and learning about all of the components, it is nice to finish off my study by watching your videos. Thanks again :)

Each time I watch one of your video I feel like a kid in a candy store, I find it extraordinary that you have access to all these jet engines, old or less old, and work with them and take the time to show & explain what you do with them. Your attention to details is second to none and I very much like your "talking". I think you could have been a good tech presenter at TV stations or else :-) So thanks you for your time

Wow! That engine looks new. Thanks much, JayZ.

All the hairs on my neck are standing up, I really miss the equipment, smell and atmosphere of the workshop, some of the best times of my life, great people, great machinery, thanks you took me right back there!

Nice, this gives a sense of the amount of fuel going through those nozzles! Amazing! The spray pattern is similar to those of garden sprinklers.

That was only ONE of the fuel nozzles...and I must say...That was A LOT OF FUEL! Holy Cow now I understand why flight times are limited so much and also why we have in Air Refueling. Feeding these Monsters is a real issue. Thank you for showing us this it really explains a lot of things without saying a word. Nice Work Sir

I've watched many of your videos and I always enjoy them and learn something new. Thank you for your efforts...

I'm almost finished with my masters in aerospace engineering as a combustion engineer, and I never get to see the overall picture like this! I really appreciate these videos, even if they are of older engines (which I don't mind at all).

Love your videos you've help me so much with understanding jet engines like turbofans and Turbojets before didn't know the difference between a turbofan and a turbojet.understanding the lp compressor to the high pressure compressor thru diffuser compress ignited in high compressed air the hot exhaust turns the turbine the exhaust push the jet with incredible thrust while at the same time spinning the turbines helps the engine too spin at high rpm. And of course the turbofan his high bypass giving even more thrust I love jet engines especially the j 85 turbojet.thanks and keep up the good work cause I figure you do this in your own time again thank you

wow lol...seriously one of the best beastings I've seen on RU-vid. Thanks for posting these videos, I can't stop learning from them!

I hate to say it, but I like the simplicity of the older engines. Sweet nozzle testing set up, another very helpful video!

Did I forget to explain that we are coverting the -23 from a B-47 into a -27 fro use in a Canadair Saber 6...? It's a Candian built F-86.

Hey, great job! Enjoyed your video and the commentary. Thanks.

You are doing such a amazing job by sharing your knowledge

thanks for sharing,and wonderful as always! can't wait to see more!

On the J-57s in the Engine Bay at CFB Chatham, we had a Plexiglas outer combustion case that we used to check the spray patterns of the fuel nozzles. The big problems on the J-57/JT3s were cracked in the welds on the defusser case, that cased the fire alarms to go off under full power, kinda tricky to find and a lot of time rewelding.

Seeing the spray pattern really gives an impression of just how much fuel gets burned inside a gas turbine, especially considering there are multiple nozzles per engine.

Thanks. I learned a lot from your Videos. Hello from Switzerland 🇨🇭

Thx for the videos, these are more helpfull than textbooks ... :-)

Cool first plane mechanic channel I come a cross. Cheers from France ✌️

I wish lock wiring was always that easy!! ;) Across the top of the bolt just makes sense. Plus it looks cool. I vote to make that the industry standard! Keep up the great vids!

This was really insightful video... I am doing research on aircraft fuel atomization

yes , very informative and definitely enjoyable.

Another excellent video!

thanks! awesome explanation and brilliant machines!

This is a great video, Ive worked on the F-100 Engine on the F-16 here in Norway. I took my EASA Flightmechanics education here. I`ll start at ATPL in september =)

This is really amazing

Excelente vid man, congrats!!

This is great. Thanks for sharing.

That is one of the ignitor plugs. Two of the six combustor cans have ignitors, and the flame travels to the other cans through the interconnectors, seen about a quarter of the way along the length of the cans. Like a candle, once the flame is lit, the ignitors are turned off. The J47 has an interesting ignition system, featured in " Jet Ignition 2 "

nice heli-coil work on those mounting holes , for the nozzles

Great video

@mytmousemalibu The -25 is being converted to -27 configuration. The -27 may get some attention as well. The Spey is an industrial, which is why it is smaller in diameter than expected. Keep in mind in this video the first stage of the compressor has been removed, so you're looking at stg 2 LPC. I will do my best to be there and film the J79... everybody loves afterburners, right!

I like your engineering bro 👍

Good job

A tip on shooting the nozzle tests ... Dark background is a good idea, but light the spray from behind. That'll make it really pop. You see this trick used in Hollywood -- a rainy street scene at night will tend to have a bright light at the far end of the street pointing back toward the camera.

I love how the USA label the parts back in the day..a plate with name/description of part, where it's made company name...perfect.

very interesting, shows how is the structure of a beak, as it is inside.

absolutely fabulous, thank you

The hoses do take a set, and we try to reinstall them in exactly the original location and position. We could also replace them with fabricated hydraulic lines, which some owners don't want, or with OEM parts, which are nearly impossible to find and would be NOS anyway. In this case the lines appeared to be in good condition.

AgentJayZ, thanks for covering this again. Could you show us running fuel through dirty nozzle to show the difference, and/or perhaps one that fails the spray test?

Dude ur videos are amazing! I have learned so many stuff with u. Thank you for posting and sharing ur knowledge with us. 😀😀👌

How about placing the fuel nozzle in the glass box horizontally pointing so the fuel jet (the fuel jet of jet fuel...) hits one of the vertical glass panes? Then you can watch the pattern of liquid more precicely through the whole cross section of the jet. I just did that on a water spray nozzle used for cleaning an inspection window on a crusher. You can still see it from the side too.

thank you boss From Bangladesh

not your standard question, but what brand is that flashlight at about 3:10? I've used them before and I like them a lot as a shop light but my local hardware store doesn't seem to carry them.

Super información... thanks...

Very Interesting videos. I would like to own a small torque wrench like that.

It’s enormous how big it is and credit to designer and how it’s built How much fuel from 6 of these it’s pumping out in very short time

Awesome

@izaatmusic The only reason not to use an adjustable wrench is to avoid rounding off the edges of the bolts or nuts. When you round off the edges is can complicate the removal of such items, and it also promotes corrosion.

@AgentJayZ The J47 is a beautiful engine, the new one you guys have is spectacular in its new sheen... The whole turbine arangment is a bit odd. No stator? Those classic early jets never were real powerhouses. The B-47's had a struggling time taking off but still cool seeing smoky old jets! The Spey is pretty! Pretty good sized machine! Afterburners are man made thunder! There sonic crackle and their spectacular sight is music you can feel! A feeling thats just about addicting!

@dtoften You've already seen my other afterburner videos?

These are not fuel injectors... They are not fuel injectors... Fuel flow depends on fuel pressure, because these are nozzles, not injectors. The fuel pressure must be in addition to whatever compressor discharge (air) pressure in in the combustors, and that changes in this engine from about 5 psi at idle to about 90 psi at full rpm. The fuel nozzles contain no valve or means of controlling fuel flow. The J47 system varies fuel pressure between 40 and 600 psi.

Fantastic job there Jay! You've upped the mark on this one! Absolutly amazing, thats alot of fuel! Its also fasinating that all that flame is contained in the combustor liners with that amount of fuel and this is an old and smallish turbine! Now its understandable how you get an oily coating from the exhaust of a running aviation turbine! What are the J47's destine for? You said one is from an F-86, is the new -25 a transplant or parts cadaver? Is the Spey an industrial? Cant wait for AB tests!

Is that good for time machine build?

Cool. Good video. Nice to the see it in testing. Not fussy on the cresent / thumb wrench on fasteners but we are all guilty. Are the fittings JIC? Good job.

awesome.

Brilliant video, I have a question is this a hole cone spray or not?

Yes, it is taken from the fuel tank at our test cell.

You have a ton of videos, and I have been trying to find one that addresses my question concerning water injected into the engine. I think that I understand why, but could you point out the video that is specific to this question? Thanks

Just been watching some RU-vid vids on Allison turbines the ones in jet rangers and I remember seeing this video on the 2 fuel circuits the starting and running is that why there is 2 peaks of the EGT when starting? And why it seems to spool up slowly after the fuel ignition to a point and then rapidly accelerate to ground idle?

JayZ, Does this engine utilize water injection ? Iv'e always wondered just where the injection takes place ?

@izaatmusic and he only used the adjustable to hold the adjacent bolt and used the proper spanner to tighten the bolt

In A&P school we were taught to not torque the bolts past one click. It pushes the torque value higher, supposedly, but who knows

Are you going to light the burner on the J79?

hey buddy, neat video. I was wondering about the injector test, and if the J47 fuel system used 125psi.. or do you take it past operational specs for safety sake? what pressures do both starting and running phases operate at?

Do u have any injectors from a t10 Tierney turbine generator 3 of them can I use a diesel injector pump it is running off a variable speed electric fuel pump

How do you clean the nozzle? it looks brand new for its age.

I do not miss safety wiring, I barely ever had to do it but when I did, if I wasn't stabbing myself I didn't have enough twists per inch.

What is that thing coming out of the combustor liner that kind of looks like an oxygen sensor on a car? Its best seen in the top right corner of the frame at 3:58 or so.

Forgot to ask, is the other end of the fuel nozzle, is this some kind of air mixing arrangment?

How much the maximum pressure of small as wel the large slot

Just to have an idea, how does the flow of fuel out out of the fuel nozzle like these compares to the flow of an average domestic shower head? Is it more or less about the same (in terms of liters per second)?

Thanks

We either replace them or not put them back on and send them back separately. Leave it to the customer for liability reasons. Those braided cloth hoses normally take a set over time and get real stiff. If bent too much can leak. I seen if happen to a guy.

what do you do with the stuff in your junk yard? i think it would be cool to try to play around with some of the parts, but then again you have been working with turbines for years

I slute You ....for share your experience Love you from Pakistan

what about the fuel line bracket

I am surprised you don't replace those hoses leading to the nozzles or do you leave it to the customer?

And who are you giving your advice to? ...The engineers of the 1940s who designed this engine ? They seemed at the time to be doing things just fine, since this is the most-produced jet engine in all of history. By the way, they are not injectors, fuel does not become "oxigenated", nor oxygenated, and it would be more "eficcient" to pare your comment down to simply its first and last words.

can rc jets fly as long as real jets since both jets work the same? if. how long can a rc jet fly?

Silly question, bit what is that manual wrench called that sort of looks like a hand drill? I'd like to get one for mechanic work. Would be very handy for getting into tight places, which on a car is pretty much everything.

@milesall1 This engine has 8 fuel nozzles and one old book says the total fuel consumption of the engine at max power (without an afterburner) is 17 gallons US per minute. Kerosene has a bit more energy content per wieght than diesel, but it is more expensive. I don't know how the densities compare, so energy per gallon - ?? Don't know the metallurgy, but a properly designed combustor liner doesn't get that hot, so neither would the outer "can".

JayZ - quick question what would happen if you feed the turbine with dirty diesel?

Is that actual jet fuel you are spraying through those nozzles during the test ?

What is the purpose of the wire between the bolts on the fuel nozzle?

Really like the spray pattern video. It explains a lot about how they do it and how it looks. Newer nozzles mix air with the fuel, right? Mixed before spraying into the burn chambers?

3:28 nice welds

Just out of curiousity...if fuel were of no concern, would the operator of the jet engine be better off using the petals to control the jet nozzle exit area instead of fuel flow to manage thrust? I wonder this because I'm trying to figure out how to manage acceleration in my diy jet engine, and fuel is not a concern (other than weight). I could meter in fuel like everyone else, or I could keep the engine at 100% power and adjust the jet nozzle area to "throttle" up or down. What are your thoughts

What is the standard operating fuel pressure at maximum thrust?

That is the best YT response I've ever read! AgentJayZ - 1, Max - 0!

Geez Jay, take an easy, you probably killed the guy

How exactly is the fuel lit for burning?

This you're getting the history of engine technology and from a B-47

Do you test nozzles with water or fuel?

Or rather should I say TOT temp?

What safety wire pliers do you recommend?