I am 18 years old and I try to understand and learn John Stuart Mill ideas, after I read an economics book in hebrew about his ideas. This video and the video about the life and philsophy of John Stuart Mill really help me to understand his prodigious and important point of view. Thank you. Isreal.
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Should explain more what Mill was referring to when he claims "Moral Sentiments" are the highest pleasures and that "duration" of pleasure comes into play. If read Adam Smith's "Theory of Moral Sentiments" then it becomes obvious Mill is referring to this work. However, the question is whether Mill is following Smith's Stoic Virtues/Joy or Jefferson's Epicurean Virtues/Joy (apatheia vs ataraxia). Thomas Jefferson attributes to his own "life, liberty, pursuit of happiness" (where he connects virtue as true happiness), to Epicurean ataraxia. But for Adam Smith and the Stoics, virtue is the "background noise" or static feeling of joy when we are without vices (pains) and lower joys (bodily pleasures). It is the higher pleasure one finds when emotions are contained or controlled (science is showing the amygdala is not present at birth--the emotional center of the brain). Instead of being innate, for the Epicureans, one had to pursue happiness/virtue by refraining from the vices (pains)--it was something to be gained, and external pleasures in themselves were not a bad thing if they did not bring pain. However, as Cicero pointed out in his Tusculan Discourses (Book 4 I believe), emotional "goods" or pleasures still lead to pains (I desire something--but once I get it, I fear losing it or pride before the fall and all that). Francis Hutcheson, "Our moral Sense thus regulated, and constantly followed in our Actions, may be the most constant Source of the most stable Pleasure. (Essay, 126)." No wonder philosophy is dying out...no one even knows what they are teaching.
