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JULIUS CAESAR
ACT 3 SCENE 2
In Act 3, Scene 2 of William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, the scene takes place in the Roman Forum where the aftermath of Caesar's assassination unfolds. This scene is crucial as it features the famous speeches of Brutus and Mark Antony, which sway the public opinion regarding Caesar’s death.
Summary:
1. Brutus' Speech:
• Brutus addresses the Roman citizens to justify the conspirators' actions.
• He claims that he loved Caesar but loved Rome more, and thus, he had to kill Caesar to prevent him from becoming a tyrant.
• He appeals to the rationality and patriotism of the crowd, arguing that Caesar’s ambition would have enslaved them.
• The crowd initially supports Brutus, chanting that he should be Caesar.
2. Mark Antony's Speech:
• Antony enters with Caesar's body and asks for permission to speak, which Brutus grants.
• He begins his speech by stating, "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears," and calls the conspirators "honorable men," using irony.
• Antony subtly discredits the conspirators by highlighting Caesar’s positive traits and his refusal of the crown, suggesting he was not ambitious.
• He reads Caesar’s will, which bequeaths money and public parks to the citizens, swaying the crowd’s loyalty back to Caesar.
• Antony's emotional appeal and rhetorical skill stir the crowd into a frenzy, inciting them to riot against the conspirators.
Key Themes and Analysis:
1. Rhetoric and Persuasion:
• The scene showcases the power of rhetoric and how language can manipulate public opinion.
• Brutus uses a rational and straightforward approach, appealing to the people's sense of reason and duty.
• Antony uses emotional appeals and dramatic pauses, manipulating the crowd’s emotions and turning them against the conspirators.
2. Public vs. Private Self:
• Brutus’ speech reflects his internal conflict and justification for the murder, portraying his public self as honorable and patriotic.
• Antony’s speech reveals his cunning and ability to disguise his true intentions under a veneer of respect for Brutus and the conspirators.
3. Fate and Free Will:
• The speeches reflect the tension between fate and free will, with Brutus trying to shape Rome’s destiny and Antony letting the people decide their fate through his manipulative oration.
Quotes:
1. Brutus' Speech:
• "Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more."
• "As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour him; but, as he was ambitious, I slew him."
2. Mark Antony's Speech:
• "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him."
• "The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones."
• "This was the most unkindest cut of all."
In this scene, Shakespeare masterfully illustrates the complexities of political power, the fragility of public opinion, and the potent force of rhetoric.
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28 май 2024
