Keratinised Epithelium  

‪@simplifieddentistry4271‬
In the keratinized oral mucosa the epithelium consists of four layers -
1. Basal layer - Stratum basale
2. Spinous layer - Stratum spinosum
3. Granular layer - Stratum granulosum
4. Cornified layer - Stratum corneum
Cells in basale layer appears cuboidal. Cells in spinosum layer appears polyhedral. Cells in granulosum layer becomes flat and as we go up cells become larger but flattens. The topmost corneum layer also contains flat cells and the cells are devoid of cell organelles.
The function of keratinized epithelium is to produce keratin which is a waxy substance and protects the underlying tissue and it gives toughness to the mucosa.
The cells divide in basale layer. This layer is single-cell thick layer. One cell remains in basale layer whereas the other goes in spinosum layer and forms spinous cell, that is, polyhedral in shape. The cells are not dividing in spinosum layer but produces protein , i.e., keratin. Granular layer is called so because it contains granule known as keratohyalin granules. The keratohyalin granules are released in the top layer, so, there is a presence of waxy material above stratum corneum.
Structure Of Oral Mucosa - • Structure of Oral Muco...
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