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Kongo: Central African Superpower - African Empires Ep. 5  

Chronology Cast
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This video is part of Project South of The Sahara. It's a RU-vid history collaboration where channels come together to celebrate the less told tales of African history, specifically those that take place south of the Sahara desert. So much of African historical focus is on North Africa, and while it's certainly important, the rest is a bit overshadowed. In this video we will focus on the Kingdom of Kongo and it's mark on African history.
SoTSPlaylist:
• South of the Sahara
Main Sources:
www.sahistory.org.za/article/...
www.worldhistory.org/Kingdom_...
www.jstor.org/stable/3097288?...
www.africamuseum.be/en/discov...
www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ack...

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29 сен 2022

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Комментарии : 99   
@ChronologyCast
@ChronologyCast Год назад
Make sure to check out the rest of the amazing videos in the South of The Sahara playlist: ru-vid.com/group/PLivC9TMdGnL8HeSXft9g__6-XRtisNeQu
@FromNothing
@FromNothing Год назад
You're absolutely right about the Kongo usually being overshadowed by tragic themes like Leopold's Congo. Even when the Kingdom is discussed, it is typically in the context of colonization by the Portuguese or Christianization. It's very refreshing to hear about the history of the region from long before and after and from a largely indigenous perspective. Excellent addition to this collaboration. Thanks for being a part of it!
@mra4521
@mra4521 Год назад
I also like that this video doesn’t imply (accidentally or otherwise) that the Congo nobles and royals were as evil as Leopold. The Congo nobles and royals weren’t good, but whites from all over the colonized globe in the 1910s condemned Leo far fiercer than they had the leaders of the Congo for continuing to enslave people. There were protests and riots (?) at Leo’s state sponsored funeral, explicitly because enough whites hated that their government let that man and his family keep their wealth and honors. Source: Ted-Ed
@JcoleMc
@JcoleMc Год назад
Its good but sympathies to much .
@shinyi1010
@shinyi1010 6 месяцев назад
That part of Africa has always been dismissed in history of Africa as all. All I know from childhood is that many villagers the elders, many of them until today regarded western religion as an intrusion. As I heard many of them saying in Kikongo: God does not bear a child. I think they know what they were saying. And many of them did not learn European languages as it was stopping or inhilanting their values and traditions and ways of life. In the Kingdom of Kongo they were always denying for example the Portuguese language
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 2 месяца назад
Most of that empire was modern Angola 🇦🇴 anyway
@salvaahthesageofficial2457
@salvaahthesageofficial2457 Год назад
This was very interesting to watch as I am Bakongo and my family still speaks Kikongo, which was the official language of Kongo
@sjappiyah4071
@sjappiyah4071 Год назад
“Everything changed when the Fire Natio- I mean the Jaaga attacked “ LOOL Great video also, detailed non reductionist analysis
@mra4521
@mra4521 Год назад
Best part: Children still get that reference.
@JcoleMc
@JcoleMc Год назад
Are the Jaaga related to the Rozwi ?
@DeVolksrepubliek
@DeVolksrepubliek Год назад
How is that even funny like I get the reference but like bro 🤨
@grimgrahamch.4157
@grimgrahamch.4157 10 месяцев назад
I think you are very correct in referring to the kingdom as an Empire. They manipulated markets with Europe, while at the same time expanding and conquering their territory.
@veritasetcaritas
@veritasetcaritas Год назад
I love the fact that this demonstrates historical African nations had agency, and weren't simply the helpless pawns of European colonizers.
@elijahray9222
@elijahray9222 25 дней назад
Well the only reason was the Europeans were prone to disease. Then they would have smashed the Kongolese which they did three centuries later when quinine was created.
@estevao444
@estevao444 25 дней назад
​@@elijahray9222 based on what?
@elijahray9222
@elijahray9222 25 дней назад
@@estevao444 Well they had far superior weaponry; they had firearms which were so advantageous that the Congolese desperately sold their own people in order to buy those firearms. They also had greater control of metallurgy to make swords and better tactics involving their cavalry which the Kongolese didn't have since the climate wasn't adapted for horses. They also had far superior communications considering that they had the Latin alphabet whereas prior to the Portuguese, all communication in Kongo was oral as opposed to written. Kongo also had a terrible currency based on cowry shells which meant that it faced mass inflation. The Portuguese therefore crushed the Kongolese both during the first and Second Kongolese-Portugal wars at the battle of Mbumbi and the Battle of Kombi.
@estevao444
@estevao444 24 дня назад
@@elijahray9222 You are wrong on almost every point. The only advantage that Portugal (and any European kingdom) had in military technology before the 18th century was that it had ships that could shoot at coastal targets from afar. But since this was not the case in the Kongo, this advantage was neutralized. Firearms at that time were weak, cumbersome, slow to reload, and terrible for long-range shooting; and horses, due to trypanosomiasis, made no difference in the war on either side. Only after the 18th century did the absurd evolution of firearms allow them to have a real impact on the war for both the Portuguese and the Kongo. And only with the invention of remedies for tropical diseases and the steam engine combined with this evolution in weapons were Europeans able to have a visible military advantage over the rest of the world. Kongo did not sell its people. Initially, they sold defeated enemies as slaves. Only after the Battle of Mbwila and the successive, endless civil wars did Kongo see its leaders sell out their rival factions, but this was concomitant with the height of the slave trade and very late in the kingdom's history. How exactly would written communication be superior to oral communication in the midst of a battle? If you don't mean a battle per se, then you should know that the Kongo elite also adopted writing extensively after Portuguese contact. Before that, they had a symbolic system, but it was limited and restricted to a sacred/secret class. In fact, cowrie shells are not a terrible currency and neither was Kongo inferior for using them, especially when you consider that several other peoples of the world, such as the Chinese and Indians, for example, did not use gold, but rather cloth, porcelain, shells, etc. And inflation could also happen with gold, as in the case of Mansa Musa's hajj to Cairo. Well, this is proof that you don't know what you're talking about. The Battle of Kombi was fought between the Portuguese and the kingdom of Ndongo/Matamba, a smaller kingdom that for many years was a Kongo's vassal. Anyone versed in the subject would cite the Battle of Mbwila, which was in fact a crushing victory for the Portuguese to the point of causing Kongo to enter into a civil war for centuries. However, even though Portugal won this and other wars (such as Mbumbi), Kongo also defeated Portugal in Mbanda Kasi (one year after Mbumbi) and especially in Kitombo, where it definitively stopped Portugal's attempts to colonize it. Only centuries later, at the request of a faction in the midst of the civil war, did the Portuguese try to colonize Kongo again. I can cite the sources, if you really want to educate yourself about the history of this kingdom.
@elijahray9222
@elijahray9222 24 дня назад
@@estevao444 Well you're wrong on many points and here they are: 'only with the invention of remedies for tropical diseases and the steam engine combined with this evolution in weapons were Europeans able to have a visible military advantage over the rest of the world. '; the first point you make is literally the one I made in first comment which you just ignored. Secondly, if the Portuguese were militarlity on par with Kongo, why did Kongo desperately import so many weapons via Luanda and ask the Dutch to help them in the 17th century. They repeatedly lost Battles against the Portuguese including at Mbwila, Mbumbi and Kombi. And with regards to 'The Battle of Kombi was fought between the Portuguese and the kingdom of Ndongo/Matamba' since Ndongo had been a Kongolese tributary since the early 1540s, Kongo had been using troops to defend it so again they were defeated by the Portuguese there. Also with the fighting with Portugal, you're forgetting that Kongo are fighting on home turf whereas Portugal has to supply an army in Luanda from over 6000 km away so it's not a really fair comparison is it considering that Kongo wouldn't even be able to attack a closer target of the Portuguese such as Brazil. 'cowrie shells are not a terrible currency '; maybe you've studied history but like many history students, you lack any knowledge of economics. Shells are a shit form of currency since central government cannot control its supply since it can easily be fished as the Portuguese repeatedly did in the 1600s to buy slaves. This causes mass inflation since money supply skyrockets yet factors of production don't. China didn't have a shell based system, it largely had a bimetallic and paper based system. India was not a thing you're just being anachronistic and even the Mughals used gold and silver with Ruppees and Mohurs. How exactly would written communication be superior to oral communication in the midst of a battle?; I think this is the dumbest rhetorical question you asked. Written communication is one of the most essential things both in battle and whilst preparing troops. It allows for coordination of troops, more organised formations and a more succinct battle plan. It's such a basic piece of military knowledge that both Britannica, the National Museum of Marine Corps and Modern War Institute cite it as key elements in winning a battle. Also more simply than that, having a written language is essential if you want the exchange of intellectual capital and knowledge which is essential if you want an economy to grow beyond just subsistence labour. Yh the Kongolese by the time the Portuguese arrived had written language because the Portuguese introduced it but it was largely only used by the manikongo considering that that is what most historians use as primary sources on the Kingdom of Kongo. You can be rude and annoying if you want but the facts speak for themselves. At the end of the day, the Europeans were victors whereas all these kingdoms got crushed whether you like it or not.
@HistoryandHeadlines
@HistoryandHeadlines Год назад
It's great how you and the other channels are sharing these various aspects of African history with your audiences!
@abthedragon4921
@abthedragon4921 Год назад
“Everything changed when the Fire Natio- I mean the Jaaga attacked“ Best joke in the video XD
@schrodingersmoose
@schrodingersmoose Год назад
Another region who's pre-1800 history is obscured by tragedy, I'm glad to know more about such an interesting region!
@sankh4914
@sankh4914 Год назад
Great video, Just one correction the slave trade's share in domestic African economies was just 0.2%. No African kingdom 'became rich' off of selling slaves. This is a common myth. Nobles/Merchants did however begin to kidnap civilians to sell to Europeans. This Black market trading would account for about 50-80% of slaves sold to Europeans.
@quiquemarquez3211
@quiquemarquez3211 Год назад
So the part where it was implied on the video that the Kongo sold only those slaves they captured on the wars with their neighbours was a far too positive view right? As far as I understood always,the nobles and the King himself greatly exploited the population of the time,treating them like cattle for fast benefit,the caos of the Civil wars and the necessity to finance the campaigns surely did only increase the slave market,do not really know how much the trade with Europeans gave the Kingdom in terms of wealth and development but was it really such a crucial event? Not implying there weren't good things about their contact with the Europeans but the Christianisation and the overall departure from Traditional Bakongo culture,it just leaves a rotten taste on anyone's mouth,growth at the cost of reshaping your whole identity.
@makutumafwa7496
@makutumafwa7496 Год назад
"Nobles/ Merchants"??? Kongo did not have "nobles nor merchants", you're reading history with a paradigms which don't pertain to Katiopa. Kongo was not a kingdom, nor an empire, nor an ethnic group nor a tribe... Kongo is/ was an Initiatic Order. There was no selling of people as in Katiopa ( Africa before the invasions) people abode by Bumuntu / Ubuntu (depending where you were on Katiopa). People who were involved in selling others in Africa. Where living in the "African paradigm" which is a construction exogenous to Katiopa, and were mostly S3mites ( comes from semi= demi= half, people who were already heavily miscegenated and followed the religions of their fathers. They were in the Abrahamic paradigms that don't mind slavery. Dum Diversas (english: Until different) is a papal bull issued on 18 June 1452 by Pope Nicholas V. The Abrahamic paradigms ( Judaism, Christianity and Islam) brought those questions to Katiopa .They misinterpreted the texts they found in the Yunu Temples, temples of Heliopolis ( those texts are the origins of the Abrahamic paradigms), and this is what the world got. Before the invasions, Katiopa was organized in many initiatic schools, and their aim was to maintain, create, obtain a connection to the Ngo ( = the Black SUn, = the real sun, not the holographic sun that everyone can see). They got no business selling people, that was not even their concern. When you are in a paradigm when people have 9 bodies corresponding to the 9 main bimwelo ( interdimensional and interfrequential doors that people quickly translate by chakra), why would you sell a physical body for? What's the aim of doing that? In Abrahamic paradigms, people believe that they are their body. In Kongo paradigm, they don't even see life like that. Trying to tell the history of Katiopa without taking in consideration the different eras: Ntangu dia Ngando, where people from Katiopa were waiting for those who have pheomelanin ( the melanin that doe snot absorbs sunlight) to realize by themselves the multidimensionality of that plane of Earth until we arrive to that era: Ntangu dia Kinatimaza when people who have pheomelanin in abundance are supposed to have learned their lessons by now, so the whole plane can "make the Kunaka" ( Kunaka = the union of KU and KA which are particle and ante particule , then when both unite, the whole plane can make what Tesla understood as a quantum leap, but it is called Kunaka in Kikongo) Weirdly enough, the children game hopscotch was supposed to teach this to children, how you're individually and collectively required to jump from one nsi ( dimension ) to the other. In a nutshell, you cannot tell the story of a set of people while being completely ignorant of their paradigm... It doesn't make any sense...
@umueri1877
@umueri1877 Год назад
Maps+History presentation= interesting video
@SomasAcademy
@SomasAcademy Год назад
Great video, thanks for being part of this collaboration!
@andresala7011
@andresala7011 9 месяцев назад
It's really interesting. Iam a bakongo as well. There's much to be uncovered. Thank you for sharing
@velozio
@velozio Год назад
Commenting for the algorithm
@prophetofbara1214
@prophetofbara1214 Год назад
Very informative video. Kongo has a very rich history
@elijahray9222
@elijahray9222 25 дней назад
That's a good joke 🤣
@Artur_M.
@Artur_M. Год назад
Great video!
@KenKwameWrites
@KenKwameWrites Год назад
This was an interesting history! Thanks for sharing!
@Messianic12777
@Messianic12777 Год назад
Thank you for the great work🙏🏾❤️❤️
@cringefanfictionaudio8967
@cringefanfictionaudio8967 Год назад
This video is great!
@DirtyEdon
@DirtyEdon Год назад
Nice work mate!
@micahistory
@micahistory Год назад
great video man, I liked this
@kevinwindley7872
@kevinwindley7872 3 месяца назад
Wow beautiful content 💯
@sneakysimian
@sneakysimian Год назад
Very interesting!
@mirianakoleva7870
@mirianakoleva7870 Месяц назад
They were very powerful. Learned something new
@zigzag1able
@zigzag1able Год назад
New subscriber! 🙌🏾
@BoggleN1
@BoggleN1 Год назад
You deserve a lot more views, your content is really good and you cover a lot of less popular topics. Anyway please keep making videos they are really good.👍
@Grug-Jack
@Grug-Jack Год назад
Luanda is in the wrong place and it was Kinlaza, not Kinzala. Other than that very nice video.
@nerdwisdomyo9563
@nerdwisdomyo9563 9 месяцев назад
Thank you for this video, we need more history videos about the drc that dont exclusively talk about Leopold and or cobalt, well maybe im being unfair, there are lots of good videos snd documentarys on a wide verity of subjects in the drc, like jabzys videos on the congo wars Anyway great video!
@sippingafrica6264
@sippingafrica6264 Год назад
Very good video! The only comments I have is that Kongo was considered an Empire not a kingdom. (Although it did decline to kingdom hood because of slavery and political mismanagement). Also how much the Congolese used slaves or captured slaves in its early died and mid dies prior to portugese influence wasn't really something they did. Even when Portugal came the portugese king would take alot of slaves direct from the Kongo and the Kongo king at the time would send letters to the portugese king pleading for him to dissist (HomeTeam History touches on this and does a much better job at explaining but you get the gist)
@slambk
@slambk Год назад
KINGDOM OF KINGDOM that's how the native called it
@makutumafwa7496
@makutumafwa7496 Год назад
Kongo was/ is an Initiatic Order. The fight they had to fight lasted more than 2500 years ( not everybody abide to the Gregorian calendar). That was not a fight against the Arabs nor the Europeans, but a fight against Bakadia Mpemba who happen to have an ease to infest people who have pheomelanin in abundance. Till these days, the elites of said people are still giving a worldwide cult to these entities, the cult of the kadia ( temple prostitut3s who are presented socially in the gender they are not). Those cults are devoted to Innana and Dumuzi the entities revered by the elites of the nations, even if they hide them behind many bizizdi ( egregores). In February, worldwide people love Valentine's day. Cupid is a kizidi (egregore) of Dumuzi, The Kongo Order have ways that hinder those entities to fester in this plane. That's why the Kongo Order who was present world wide, was fought against worldwide. in Pelasgia ( Eurasia before the invasions) in Tarabana ( America before the invasions) and in Katiopa... So in your version of history there is no mention of Kimpa Mvita, Nsinu Nzinga, Mfumu Kimbangu, . Mama Ngunga, Tata Biayenda, Tata Nkounkou , Tata Mbemba, Tata Kakou, Tata Ntsonde Malanda, Tata Mabiala Manganga, etc.. all the Mani Lumbu, all the Mani Kongo... and when they are mentioned note how quich they are to convert to Christianity ( which is completely false for many of them. They are just created bizidi with the convert names)... If you want a clearer version of that part of history, read the diaries written directly by the missionaries sent in Kongo. They are describing the Chronicles of Narnia. They didn't understand half of the things they were experiencing. Also remember that the European and the nations they created always lie to the masses, and keep the truth in their initiatic circles only. If you're not a loged person in the "West", the version of history you've been fed is here to create a nationalistic feeling. Also the invasions were never about lands, resources and whats-not, it was/ is about altering the DNA to hinder the connection with the Ngo ( the Black Sun, the real sun, not the holographic sun that everyone can see). They had to break down the lineage. That's why most of the bansinu were sent to Tarabana, while others were castrated and sent to the Caliphates. So, people love to believe that Katiopa is the cradle of humanity... it's just the last bastion of eumelanin ( melanin that absorbs sunlight and enables the connection to the Ngo). So, if you are from Katiopa your ancestors were not tribal people who were cannibals living in huts, trees or whatsnot.. they used to teach this in schools in Europe. The tribulations of Katiopa are a question of era: Ntangu ya Ngando : Katiopa falls, Ntangu dia Kinatimaza: Katiopa rises again with Bumuntu, of course.
@yungloneboi
@yungloneboi 7 месяцев назад
​@@makutumafwa7496 bro where can I learn more about this
@j.j.nightcrawler
@j.j.nightcrawler Год назад
I love it🖤🖤🖤. I am tired of the Portuguese narrative of "We discovered Angola".
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 8 месяцев назад
Never head them say that but I heard them say Angola was ours
@vansan2120
@vansan2120 20 дней назад
We discovered the whole Africa continent and mapped the continent. You were primitive and undeveloped and sold slaves to Europeans in exchange for goods.
@lukalusalalunenkuka1585
@lukalusalalunenkuka1585 2 месяца назад
Thanks for this video. I am a Kongo from DRC and I speak kikongo. I watched the video with a mix of joy and sadness. Ah Kongo! Was it a mistake for Kongo to welcome Portuguese? I think yes. The decline of Kongo began with its encounter with Portugal. Portugal learned constitutional democracy from Kongo. But Kongo learned greed and as a whole the art of chaos from Portugal.
@vansan2120
@vansan2120 20 дней назад
Delusional African... You were primitive and incredibly undeveloped. Europeans conquired Africa, because you couldn't face their military and technology advancements.
@mathieuleader8601
@mathieuleader8601 Год назад
the Kongo had great diplomacy
@golden.gates.
@golden.gates. Год назад
that symbol next to the christian cross at 4:30 isn't from the Kongo, it's actually a Dogon symbol... from the Nilo-Saharan Region and much older then the Kongo The Dogon's are a whole nother animal... If yall get a chance look them up
@JustinianG
@JustinianG Год назад
I love your content, can we do a collaboration?
@KingAbdulhaqq
@KingAbdulhaqq Год назад
6:36 👌🏽👍🏼
@Es36733
@Es36733 13 дней назад
Look how he dressed like the early red Indians in Amerika
@sakhu8945
@sakhu8945 Год назад
We were already rich. We don’t need anything from the Europeans.
@makutumafwa7496
@makutumafwa7496 Год назад
We need them to understand Bumuntu though, because Kunaka is a planetary thing. Some of the ancestors tried to teach them. They took the knowledge of the bizidi( egregores) and till that day they use this against everyone. It's coming.. now you see some Europeans hugging trees, refusing to eat other's people binkoko ( totems). It took time ( 2500 years - not everybody abide to the Gregorian calendar) but we're getting there.
@bigbootros4362
@bigbootros4362 Год назад
Sadly it's not true in reality
@vansan2120
@vansan2120 20 дней назад
You were not rich, you had powerful kings. Like anywhere else in the world, you had hierarchy in your kingdoms. Still extremely undeveloped, primitive and easily conquered
@moensbruno
@moensbruno 6 месяцев назад
Considering the territory of the Kingdom was mostly located in current day Angola I think it's a little bit weird you mention the Belgian Congo twice. I know the atrocities are famous but still. I think it would be better to describe this history as part of Angolan history. The territory of the Kongo kingdom just comes short of scratching the area where Kinshasa was going to be founded later as the capital of the Belgian Congo.
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 2 месяца назад
Exactly thats the country that’s not talked about as much as it should be given it’s influence in South America and the Caribbean
@antoniacapellaborges6566
@antoniacapellaborges6566 2 месяца назад
No it’s covered only NORTHERN Angola! Not the whole modern borders (which came about after the Scramble) KONGO was Northern Angola, Western DRC, all of R. of Congo and Southern Gabon
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 2 месяца назад
@@antoniacapellaborges6566 northern Angola was the largest portion and the capital is mbanza Kongo which is Angola
@antoniacapellaborges6566
@antoniacapellaborges6566 2 месяца назад
@@yusefnegao You’re confusing the KK’s borders with their sphere of influence. The Mbundu and other adjacent ethnic groups were a vassal state with their own monarchs so if we only count proper Bakongos, they’re not even the majority in N. Angola
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 2 месяца назад
@@antoniacapellaborges6566 it did not cover all of republic of Congo because the loango kingdom was also in the republic of congo
@thevisitor1012
@thevisitor1012 4 месяца назад
It sucks. Even if you were to go back in time to warn them, I'm not sure how they could've avoided their fate. The divide and conqueror technique is just too effective against Africa.
@lucianojocy
@lucianojocy Год назад
Nzinga wasnt Congolese, she was from ndongo, which had been a tributary state from congo, but not by the time she was alive
@andresala7011
@andresala7011 9 месяцев назад
You're right, nevertheless kangola region share the same queen does Nzinga kikongo and Jinga Kimbundu. Congo was a term for the entire kingdom but Nbanza Congo as its capital indicates that they ruled from Angola territerritory territory territory territory as far as Cameroon to the north
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 2 месяца назад
@@andresala7011mbanza
@glennpeterson2477
@glennpeterson2477 Год назад
Being Catholic made them a little more amenable!
@makutumafwa7496
@makutumafwa7496 Год назад
Nobody converted to Catholicism... this is just one version of history that channel is telling...the one is allowed to know. They had access to the Dum Diversas (english: Until different) , the papal bull issued on 18 June 1452 by Pope Nicholas V. They did not really care about Europeans like that, they care about Bakadia Mpemba... If you're able to get to the Vatican archives, then you'll have another version which has nothing to do with what this channel is telling. In places where the Abrahamic paradigms rule, the masses and the "elite" never have the same version of anything. You have history for the masses and history for the elite. What happened to Katiopa and the rest of the planet by the way is just about altering everyone's DNA...
@bobfaam5215
@bobfaam5215 11 месяцев назад
@@makutumafwa7496In 1500 , king Jao converted .
@yusefnegao
@yusefnegao 8 месяцев назад
@@bobfaam5215yeah he is tripping
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