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Indian Society Syllabus for GS Mains as per UPSC
Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and
developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Effects of globalization on Indian society
Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.
How to approach the area “Indian Society” for IAS Exam?
Please be very clear from the beginning that this section is one of the easiest portions in GS Paper 1, and does not require specific knowledge or mugging up of details. But your understanding about the Indian Society will be properly checked by UPSC, and hence make sure that, the picture you present reflect the actual Indian Society.
An easy way to identify the features of Indian Society is to take a look from outside. If you try to look Indian Society from within India, you might not be able to understand the intricacies. As a beginner, assume the perspective of a foreigner visiting India and try to see Indian Society through his eyes.
How does Indian Society appear to a foreigner?
If Indian Society is analyzed from north to south and west to east, the first feature that anyone recognizes will be the diversity of India Society.
Diversity of Indian Society
Diversity in terms of:
Language - 22 Scheduled Languages and various minor languages and dialects.
Religion - 80% Hindus, 14 % Muslims, 2 % Christians, 2 % Sikhs etc.
Race - Aryan, Dravidian, Mongoloids, Negritoes etc
Culture etc.
And if we are all diverse, then what unites India as a nation? Analyze.
The next important area is the problems in Indian Society. Is Indian Society well and fine? Are we all civilized and developed? Do all sections of people think in a rational and scientific way? Are we a society of peace and freedom? Are there people who live in poverty, illiteracy, exploitation etc?
Problems of Indian Society
Every society has its own problems. Indian Society too has. A deep rooted Caste System is unique to India, and it still has its impact in the 21st-century society and even in modern vote bank politics. Though not a highly orthodox society in terms of religion, the multiplicity of religions in India is exploited by many anti-Indian elements to spread communalism.
Another important aspect not to ignore is the inequalities in India existing socially, economically and politically. A minority of the richer class keep a majority of resources while a vast majority is living in poverty and hunger. Dalits and Tribals are still backward. Even after 65 years of Independence, not all of them attained an equal status with the rest of the society. Same is the case with women in India. Women in general, do not get equal opportunities as men. If we take the case of children, malnutrition is as high as 40%.
Indian Society, in general, can be said to be a peace loving society. We are neither too conservative nor too liberal. As a developing nation, we have our own limitations, but only a rational and scientific thinking society can bring positive changes. Unfortunately, Indian Society is home to a lot of superstitions and orthodox traditions, which still exists even after achieving 75% literacy.
Problems highlighted by UPSC:
Population and associated issues.
Poverty
Developmental issues.
Problems of Urbanization.
Effects of globalization.
Social backwardness
Communalism
Regionalism
Solutions to Problems of Indian Society
Identifying the problems is the first step. Finding the solutions the next. Think in the perspective of an IAS officer what can be the solutions to solve the problems of Indian Society. Give stress on the below points.
Role of Women and Women’s Organizations
Secularism
Education
Online Study Materials and Books to read for Indian Society in UPSC Exam
IGNOU Material - Development
IGNOU Material - Sociology
Social Problems In India - Ram Ahuja.
Indian Society (A General Overview).
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Best Sociology Optional Classes for UPSC
29 сен 2024
