So, at 28:00 he's saying that they detected a gravitational wave caused by two neutron stars colliding, and so telescopes were pointed at that direction... now, if grav waves travel at the speed of light, and light travels at the speed of light... wouldn't the grav wave and the light reach earth at the same time? And if so, when you point the telescopes, it should be too late to see it happen... Can someone explain me if I am missing something?
I guess they'd be looking for visual evidence of the aftermath of a collision - e.g. debris, gas and/or glowing dust orbiting in the vicinity of the resulting black hole.
As far as I heard him, the vibrations start before the actual event. As the stars are furiously orbiting each other, getting closer and closer to the event, at some point before the actual merge, gravitational waves are being produced with the strongest disturbance come last, from the merge itself. So you have a finite amount of time to point your telescopes and hope you get lucky. He didn't say aftermath and I believe he would have. I might not have it right with my understanding, but he definitely says they saw the event itself.
My son sent an email to Lawrence Krauss some years ago - and got a fascinating reply. Now he is doing a PHD in particle physics -and goes to Cern from time to time :-) Thanks Lawrence ! Wonderful stuff !
Simon Anthony: It's a good thing that it was your son and not a daughter! Larry Krauss was forced to retire from Arizona State in 2018 after being accused of sexual abuse by several women.
I'm an old man with more than one academic degree. It occurred to me while watching this that in my youth we spent as much time and effort reaching places that offered learning, as we spent in the learning process itself. We had classrooms, libraries and publications.... period. These days I'm certain that anyone can reach the same level of education by having a laptop and never leaving their sofa.
I am also an old man, who never graduated high school. I did learn one thing while I was there, They don't teach you how to think, they only teach you how to memorize stuff and then regurgitate it on a multiple guess test. And you are exactly right I have learned most things on my own from the same books and publications you all read at University, and I have learned a great deal, I just don't have sheep skins hanging on my wall! That being said, being privy to that same knowledge I came to a different conclusion, Einstein was wrong. None of his theories adequately explain even the most simple natural phenomenon without resorting to enormous, pages long equations that practically no one can understand. Math is not science. Particle physics is dead. Nikolai Tesla had it right when he said: "Everything is fields and fields are not particles." Field theory explains all these things much more simply and Elegantly as Occams razor Illustrates. Thanks for reading to the end.
@@imnewtothistuff - Yes, Einstein, and Newton was, and is still wrong on the Gravity thing, as U said, "math is not science", physical science. There's physical evidence showing downward falling motion is caused from trapped gas molecules, and not Gravity. You/ Tesla " particle physics is dead ." "Everything is field and field is not particle." I don't know anything about the physics field theory, your help is needed ! Not an export, but I've tried to follow particles physics in motion, ATOMIC MOLECULAR MOTION, from atmospheric gases through the human body and deep within earth's core, and haven't found where particle physics of ATOMIC MOLECULAR motion is not needed, not even a ring the bell moment waking up one's mentality saying something is wrong, particle science is dead, and no longer needed. Here's where You comes in. Where's do a FIELD gets it's motion ? Are the motion within our body and those of flames driven by ATOMIC MOLECULAR ENERGY FLOW or by FIELDS ? Can FIELD energy be held in the palm of my hands ?
Darn right. Even when I was in college 20+ years ago it turned out the value of my degree was effectively 0. And I got several degrees in engineering. I had been sold on this lie that "continued education" i.e. college was SO important and valuable and all I did was waste 5 years with it.
@@imnewtothistuff You are evidence that there's still a need to teach people how to think, rather than just making knowledge available on the internet.
Krauss has been obliterated and exposed as a substandard physicist in the NY Times article of March 23 2012 by Columbia University Professor of Philosophy David Albert. (Professor Albert has also written a textbook on Quantum Mechanics).Never has a book by a physicist been so annihilated in a NY Times article for at least 2 decades. Krauss says some of the dumbest comments imaginable and can hardly state he is a qualified physicist because he is not.
Man, I could listen to Professor Krauss speak all day. He makes it easy for me to understand anything he's describing. I don't have any kind of degree but still it is so much fun ingesting whatever comes out of his mind.
I was very impressed with the questions. These kids are well versed in this esoteric subject matter and could express complex questions in a foreign language. Ukraine has a bright future.
each time he give a lecture in the usa people ask him about god ? good to see these students have a grasp on theoretical physics. english may not be there first language but it's not for a lot of Americans either.
@French Frys I'd let you borrow my hat for a while if I could. I'm not used to coming in second for the opportunity to set the record straight. But damn, nice one...
The sound sucks because we can't hear the audience, Krauss made some jokes in his talk and I'm sure people laughed at some moment and we can barely hear it.
Matt Magic Yeah I also got tired of hearing about Stephen Hawking's irrational fear of aliens over the years. The probability of another civilization being active right now in the galaxy is probably infinitesimal, and why the fuck would they fly spaceships for hundreds of years just to harass our tiny planet, even if we did make contact through SETI. It's absurd.
I think I spelt it right. He is very well read and certainly has more abilty than most of us so I cannot see what is wrong with the comment. Have you veiwed his other discussions?
As I watch this fascinating lecture by Dr. Krauss and the subsequent Q&A session in May 2023, my heart aches. This was an event in Kyiv; a little more than three years before Putin's criminal invasion of Ukraine. The students at this lecture were so well-spoken, so thoughtful, and so eager to learn. It disgusts me that their lives have been so damaged by this monster. If any American doubts that we should provide the maximum support for Ukraine's defense, they should watch the Q&A session. The students of Kyiv will change your mind.
... a slightly manic romp through the Big Bang and some of it's effects - but the enthusiasm of the audience and the quest for knowledge was really refreshing! Thanks for posting!
Very exciting. But most important is Q&A at 1:14:30!!! It should be shouted out loudly in every tv news show on the whole world. It's two minutes before twelve!!!
Another fine lecture by Prof. Krauss I'd never seen before and I learned something new, that gold is made in the collision of neutron stars. I was struck by the standard of the questions by Russian people, I think they were among the best I've heard. For me, science is the spice of life.
My mother always said to me that I was an accident waiting looking for a place to happen! She was a cruel and insensitive person, but listening to what Krause had to say about Pulitzer prize-winning people finding things by accident I look at what my mother said as a blessing!
Love his lectures. This one is my most admirered...so much energy, so much intelligence of audience. L.k. has a Very god brain. Good comedian too. Makes physics easier than taking a coffee physic. One correction though....my italian aunt made the universe when she forgot that her pasta fazzoli soup was cooking on too hot of a flame and pasta exploded across the universe. The movie of this event is in production right now. Prof. Krauss wrote the screenplay.
Thank you Lawrence for another awesome lecture, loved it. Only thing I can contribute is 28:50 is not New York bro, it's Chicago. Other than that, perfect.
"Every atom in your body came from a star that burst. And, the atoms in the left hand probably came from a different star than your right hand. It's really the most poetic thing I know about physics: they're all stardust. You could not be here if stars had not exploded, because the elements - carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, iron, all the things that matter for evolution - were not created at the beginning of time. They were created in the nuclear furnaces of stars and the only way for them to end up in your body is if those stars were kind enough to explode. So forget about Jesus. The stars died so they could be here today. " Lawrence Krauss, 2009
To those of you thinking the audience is unresponsive. Remember this is the Ukraine, not the USA or England. I have seen other lectures there. They are just quieter and not as demonstrative. It's a different culture, folks. I am amazed at the number of people in the Ukraine who, at least, understand English. In the USA people have been detained by the police for speaking a language other than English. One foreign student, who didn't understand a cop screaming for him to get on the ground was shot and killed. Here in Texas, it's not so bad, as we have many Spanish speakers. Texas was once a Mexican state.
aske a doctor and are the same as a pulsing heart, why not the pulse of beating electric energetic out side universe that joins with as as so many others around?
What causes the gravitational wave, is it like a photon? Or is it a ripple in the Higgs field? I guess what Einstein said “there is no gravity, it is curved space-time” since time is not a fabric and not an object, it’s just a comparison of relative movements, it’s finally showing to be wrong? I noticed the explanation said space itself is waving, so I assume that atoms and molecules are shrinking and expanding in one direction? This explanation leaves out time, as I think it should. I always thought space-time fabric was a fabrication anyway! We should be able to replicate gravitational waves by using some extremely heavy heavy weights smashing together very close to the detectors. If that doesn’t work, I would say our understanding of gravitational waves is wrong.
water has 3 states and water is comparable with electricity, then light waves on its own its hot and cold and were you see this 2 there is a meadle one made by theme and were this three are they make a 4th (the system). What cosmologists have miss to take in acount are the 7 wave lenght steps since they found them and almost keep them in asecret cause of all the videos I have seen( many) no body speaks, exept for one hes name was ALTON HARP in the video ALTON HARP INTRINSIC RED SHIEFT, Ifound this video in YOU TUBE in THE EU,this video helped me to solve many cuestions, it seems it does not tell you a lot but 7 steps in wave length tells you a lot: It tells that Einstein is wrong wene he says that light blue and violet are havier than WHITE in the video LIGHT AND DARK 1 OF 2 - LIGHT directed by JIM AL- KHALILI. almost at the beggening he says that back in the erliest times of physics came out the ULTAVIOLET CATASTROPHY that led EINSTAIN to the conclusion that violet and blue were havier than the rest of the other lights by those times.The next might change this point of vew : wene you start to pedle the first light that comes on is red, folowing orange, yellow then white to stay in the most in it with an exeption that a bit of yellow kind of appears(wene the fastes at pedling. the reason to me is another and goes like this : at the beganing of pedling the dinamo starts to absorb the red masses that are the outer orbits that the dinamos magnetics open(amplified) territory, by absorbing red violet is out, then comes orange and blue is gone, time for yellow and green is vanished then comes white in the most cause a bit of yellow apears trying to fill space with the push of white that tryes to fill the empty space matter absorbed by the dinamo. This same exemple shows that even the small solar systems(atoms) behave or work the same as the big systems(DNA, STARS, GALAXIES ETC). With it i sugest that the universe matter is areinged as a rainbow, that matter follows such order since each element has its own color and vise verce. so I can say that the universe temperature is not about the same cause is beeing demontrated that each color has diferent temperatures, density, wave lenght as well is clear to me diferent light speed caused by the density of each color.
In mathematics, a zero-dimensional topological space (or zero-dimensional space) is a topological space that has zero dimension with respect to one of several inequivalent concepts that assign dimensions to a given topological space. The graphical representation of a zero-dimensional space is a point.
What is wrong with this audience? Is this a cultural thing in Ukraine to be extremely dull and quiet during an enthralling lecture on one of the most remarkable achievements of mankind in recent times. Even semi-science literate audiences in the west would be transfixed let alone university science students. Kudos to Professor Krauss for breaking it down with such eloquence.
A digital clock can display numbers based on how many times a crystal vibrates, but it doesn't measure actual time...just counts crystal vibrations. Clocks and other timekeeping devices are the tools we use to measure time. They work by making consistent and accurate counts of specific physical phenomena, such as the oscillations of a quartz crystal, the vibrations of a pendulum, or the decay of radioactive elements. These phenomena are used as references to mark the passage of time, but they are not time itself. In physics, time is considered a dimension that, like space, is affected by gravity and other fundamental forces. The concept of time is still being studied and debated by scientists, with different theories about its nature and properties.
I want him to explain why my cat won’t eat his Benevo vegan cat food. He caught a mole and a mouse and was giving me the evil eye. I had to make sure he gets his fancy feast. But, like, the vegan food had all the minerals he needed to be nourished.
The answer to the gauge group of general relativity is that it depends on formalism. In standard formalism it's the diffeomorphism group and in the vielbein formalism it's local lorentz group.
Thank you for the video. In this video, you mentioned that two black holes combined and released lots of energy. Question: Where does this energy go? Does it replenish sun’s dissipated/ radiated energy?
No, stars are not replenished. It is this energy that makes gravitational waves, and is propagated through the universe as gravitational waves, for billions of years.
if somthing in space sounds imposible to me, matter just dont call any matter, matter has intimal call to some matter not just any matter, like the planets they belong mercury with neptune, venus with uranus, earth with saturn and yes marswith mercury making 4 pairs one positive, one negative each one making a union for making an entangled planetary sistem
a power stroke has its limits so any thing that is hot, it spreads arround its system if so as novaes in the skie, they are beating electric herts of the sky.
It's the standing still that gets you to the speed of light .The thing is spreading out from our point of view so every thing is spreading out. So finding the point of starting walking towards it would be a quantum to reseed the time of light that's bending space at zero energies
so where does the gravitational wave energy from all the black hole 🕳 🕳 collisions during the lifetime of universe went? Dont tell me beyond the observable universe because from there other waves 🌊 must come in too. Why dont we observe roaring noise of gravitational waves background?
How do you want to observe gravitational noise? What would you expect to measure if there was one? Keep in mind noise smooths the amplitude, so noise is something that makes it harder to detect an event, as opposed to being something detectable in itself. I suppose as we increase resolution of gravitational wave detectors, we will see more and more collisions further and further away, then we will start to observe not just collisions but super massive objects moving, then less and less massive objects further and further away, and only then we might see a background noise.
Kajko Kokosz same like any kind of noise and same as gravitational signal. observe its waveform on the detector. noise doesnt smooth amplitude of anything. its additive. I think your statement is false. I think You are incorrectly claiming that noise is undetectable.
@@charlieangkor8649 I didn't say noise is undetectable, just that you need much higher resolution for that. I'm not an expert, so I don't know if at our current technology, placing lasers across the Solar System would be enough, maybe. There's another problem: how do you differentiate gravitational noise from measurement error noise? As for the amplitude - draw a sinusoide. Now add 2 to all of it - it's still the same sinusoide, just with an offset. Sure, if you have something like a black hole collision, you have a spike. If you have something less significant, happening 10 times a second, you have a lot of microspikes. This is what I described as more and more things becoming visible as you increase the resolution. But the way I understand your initial proposal is that random events would sometime produce many microwaves in the same moment that would cause an (constructive) interference, which outcome is such a strong wave, that is now picked by the detector. Problem is, waves will interfere this way half of the time, and another half of the time it will be a destructive interference, where they cancel each-other out. If you look at a distribution curve, as you increase the number of samples, the curve becomes more and more smooth, because the statistical error decreases. So the more sources of gravitational waves, the smoother the curve, and as every little piece of mass is a source of gravitational waves, I would expect, perhaps wrongly, that therefore gravitational noise is too smooth to be detected with any technology conceivable today.
Faster than lights rate of induction. Travel along the edge of the coaxial circuit of the Inertial plane, like the electron vortex along a wire. Gravity is centripetal acceleration of incoherent matter into the Inertial plane. Magnetism is centripetal acceleration of coherent matter into the Inertial plane.
Yaaaay......a new Lawrence Krauss video! I hope he's back for good. I just noticed this lecture was in Ukraine. .....so I guess he's not "back" yet. lol
2 neutron stars colliding give an intrinsic reaction, 2 black holes colliding give an extrinsic reaction both propergate G waves and a black hole actively consuming a star doesn't generate any G waves nor even upon discharge or when t=0. approches
I have a question here. So at 22:22, Krauss says that a 36 solar mass black hole merged with a 29 solar mass black hole to produce a 62 solar mass black hole and 3 solar masses of gravitational radiation. I understand that the entropy and the information contained within a black hole is in proportion to its surface area. So 4*pi*r^2 means that 62 solar mass black hole has 1.799 times the combined surface areas of the 2 black holes that merged to form it. That means it has 1.799 times as much information........ well I keep hearing these "physics for laymen" lectures say that information is conserved, that it can't be destroyed, and that because the laws of quantum mechanics are time reversible, it can't be created either. But there's 1.799 times as much information after the merger as before, and that's just in the resulting black hole, that's not even counting the information carried off by the gravitational radiation. Does this not disprove the claim that information is preserved? It nearly doubled, or possibly more than doubled, but at least multiplied by 1.799, a massive amount of information. Am I the only one to notice this inconsistency?
With your math questions I said 60 where was know through behind my answers. You amazing me and your collective knowledge. First question why is gravity low in some areas on earth and Higher in other. Second question do you think thier where two big bang a big bang before the big bang. Third question is the tunnels your college build. Are they representing of what happened in space.
Hello Piotr Dudala if I understand you correctly that you feel some animosity toward the US, as a citizen of the US I would like you to know that many citizens, including me, are quite aware that nations are a lot like individuals - none are all good or all bad, but with the immense power of the US, it impacts more and must shoulder a lot of deserved guilt. I sincerely hope you credit the US for the good (like our ability to communicate this way) as well as it's often far-reaching foibles and failures. The world would be a very different, and I think worse, place if there had never been a US.
Update: now the warp drive only needs a few hundred kg worth of negative energy. Also, newer designs can create and collapse their own warp bubbles allowing them to travel to distant locations that have not yet been visited by a slower-than-light craft.
How do we know that the detected gravitational wave event wasn't an earth-based, brief, plate tectonic slip that was located half way between the two sites? EDIT, I wish he had said a seismic event looks like this and not like that, therefore we can rule that out.
Ok, so when two black holes merge, the mass of the new black hole is less than the mass of the two initial block holes. The difference in mass has been converted into gravitational waves. What I don't understand is precisely *what* within the black holes has been converted to gravitational waves? Is it protons, neutrons, photons, or what? For example, if it is electons that are converted, then does this mean the total number of electrons after the merger is less that the total number before? If so, what is the mechanism by which the particles are converted? And if instead of two black holes colliding it was two massive stars, would we still get gravitational waves? Would the merged stars also be less massive than the two initial stars? Would the stars also have lost some particles as they are converted to gravitational waves? Again, what is the mechanism by which the particles get converted?
@@biggstavros5876 A layperson asking relevant questions is an intellectual, not a pseudo-intellectual. As for the questions, one of them is answered in the talk. Lawrence mentions waving your arms around technically creates gravitational waves (effectively indiscernible, but still), so the same is certainly true about stars colliding. He also specifically mentions that stars colliding would not create strong enough gravitational waves for us to currently detect.
It's not that "particles are converted", that is not the fundamental ones. Most of the "mass" of a proton or neutron for example is really in the form of energy, the gluons that hold (=work/energy) the quarks together to make the proton or neutron, over 90% in fact. That is, more than 90% of an atom's mass is already energy (m=e/c^2) that we perceive as mass! Smash it to bits and presto, lots of quarks and HEAPS of unemployed energy, a portion of which bends space/time (energy curves space/time) in a shuddering way that seems wave like.
Hi Eyles. Yes - any movement of any mass creates gravitational waves. The G waves we have observed so far, appear to emanate from Neutron stars colliding. The mediators of the waves are called 'gravitons', though the theory is incomplete in the description of the process. See, for instance: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton
I had a couple of other thoughts to try to make it clearer. If you wave your arm, you are creating G waves - but they are so incredibly small and weak, we cannot (yet!) detect them. A Gravity wave is a disturbance in the spacetime continuum and those we have detected are still extremely small due to distance, but the masses have been great, and the energy to throw the mass around was truly enormous, affecting the spacetime like a large pebble thrown in a pond. Hope this helps :0)
Glad to see Krauss taking his lectures seriously again by leaving out the tiresome jokes and criticism of Trump. Krauss is at his best when he just talks physics without trying to be a comedian. This lecture is excellent.
"No device can produce sum useful energy in excess of the total energy put into constructing it. Time taken to stock energy required to build an energy-producing device of useful work added to the time building the device, will always be longer than the entire useful lifetime of the device" (The Fifth Law).
Is it a good widely accepted idea that quantum mechanics is deterministic? That would reinforce my belief in the fallacy of accident, which I hold to a religious standard as being the misapplication of theory against vulnerable individuals and groups.
Due to the comments, some really needs to dig deeper into physics. All over you tube, you can find anything which are missing in one lecture. Krause is one of the best too converting complicated things to understandable physics in an hour or so. I don’t know what you’re doing, but if this is one of what you studying, then do a bigger effort. Ted talks, pbs space time etc.
O the next forty years will be exciting! Survival in the most basic of ways, with these little nuggets of far away things tucked away, transformed into stories and myths once again.
What would cause a star to collapse? Gravity? And if space is moving away from us at the speed of light how can we ever claim to have found the outer edge, ie: the big bang?
as a star loses its outer fuel the central gravity can not contain its outer core it then enters red giant state. we can see that happening now with the star beetlejuice wich was a yellow sun like our own. as the weakens the gravitational pull becomes so great it collapses in on itself becoming a black hole or a neutron star depending on its mass.
In the same way production follows the design and engineering of a product. Curious to know how often the theoretical leads the experimental, or vice versa, and what determines which leads.
They should close these comment bits for all Americans… these yanks are constatly fighting each other, using faul language, and most of them are clueless...Nasty.. This lecture is basic science, and made simple for us, so we can all understand what is said… if you just listen..it is great stuff.
At one point he says essentially that the two black holes reacted to form one black hole with slightly less mass than the original and also a bunch of gravity waves. So, my question is how can that energy be recovered?
I also want to know how prevalent those gravity waves are and how energetic are they. Is there enough energy being conveyed through local spacetime by a "background noise" of gravity waves to act as a power source?
If you think that gravitational waves can only be caused by black holes, than you are standing on a *clue* about the nature of *quantum gravity* and you don't even realize it. The question is: how many units of wave functions does it take to create a gravity wave that you can measure?
