Americans: Barrel must be straight, lets use reference sensor with an exotic and slightly radioactive isotope of hydrogen that costs 30K per gram. Germans: Barrel must be straight, lets slap on a mirror and eyeball it.
Common to most Western tanks. English equivalent "Muzzle Reference System" (MRS). MRS fitted to M1 series, Chieftain, Challengers 1 and 2, etc. Normally "we" estimate the wind at the start of an engagement, not as part of each Fire Control Order. You estimate it, and then commence the engagements and then once you move elsewhere if things have changed, you update the estimate.
It's the MRS or Muzzle Reference System to align the muzzle of the main gun to the ballistic computer. After firing so many rounds the barrel will start to point in a downward position normally or left or right. The Gunner and commander can see this after seeing their shots degrade in accuracy during firing. So the gunner along with the commander can switch the MRS toggle which elevates the main gun with the gunner's and commander's sight to supervise the gunner using the toggle switch of the ballistic computer to move the gunner's reticle to the center of the MRS on the end of the main gun. This can be done in a few minutes when doing an MRS update if your shots are not hitting the target during an engagement. My first gunnery as a gunner we were told to do an MRS update after 7 shots. Never do that!!! If you keep hitting targets keep going. Only do the MRS update if your shots are missing!!! Never made that mistake once I became tank commander and stressed it heavily on my platoon during qualification gunnery.
Pretty elegant actually. With the hatches closed the crew is cut off from positive sky energy. Any barrel droop causes the mirror to reflect more of the sky's yang qi towards the gunner's temporal fire meridian, bolstering alertness and improving accuracy during prolonged engagements. It's nice to see such thoughtful integration of traditional feng shui and modern mechanical engineering
In german the correct designation for this thingy is "Feldjustierkollimator". It was also equipped on the Leopard 1A5. The metal "blinds" before the EMES actually have a very tiny hole in it, allowing still to spy through. The wind speed sensor was already suppressed back in the times on the 1A5 but wind information could be still entered in the computer alongside powder/shell and outside temperatures and altitude to compute the trajectory correctly. Laser range finder in peace time was obstructed by dim "sunglasses" to avoid accidents to the nakes eye of bystanders when firing on practice ranges - but with these "sunglasses" engaged the accuracy was greatly diminished (too often blinking and not dependable distance readings) - so we all removed it using a square key in a tiny hole on the EMES and went wartime config to receive steady measurings from the laser RF.
Great presentation and very well done. I was a track mechanic in the army working on the chassis. The bulestics was part of the turret maintenance and that was a different MOS. When i was in, the M1 Abrams was still experimental and had not started testing in Europe yet.
5:25 Why isn't the air pressure measured? The air pressure depends not only on the altitude, but also on the weather (high pressure area / low pressure area). Barometers are also quite small
What matters is actually the air density, not the pressure. And for that, you simply can select the mean altitude of the terrain before you go into a fight, which means one sensor less that can fail or be damaged in battle.
It’s a tracked vehicle. There are no tires to be filled with air under pressure, so no air pressure to measure. 😜 Oooooh, did you mean atmospheric pressure? That was covered.
@@copter2000Not directly, remember, Boyles law (and in extension, ideal gas law). Density actually drops about twice as fast as the air pressure with increasing altitude.
I learned density is pressure diveded by temperature and Reynoldsconstant?? Therefore why is height necessary barometric pressure and temperature should be enough.
Adjusting for wind is like a big sniper rifle. When you can zip-tie an RPG-7 grenade to a $300 3D-printed drone that can fly in any direction, the tank suddenly feels like it's 100 years old.
Here's my contribution to tank warfare: They should have a special smoke round that releases smoke slowly, and takes like an hour to be completely released. So when the Orc are gonna come over that hill two kilometers away, you can plonk the special smoke shell down on that hill and continuously update the wind direction and speed by the little trickle of a smoke trail. And pretty soon the orcs will learn that if they put their heads over that hill, it will pink mist and then they will all go away.
How much does the barrel droop affect point of aim? If there were no mirror to make adjustments, how much would shots miss by? Say, 1 meter at 1000 meters, or something similar? I realize this varies by outside temperature, how many shots have heated up the barrel, etc.
Practically speaking the barrel Divergence due to something like uneven heating would be pretty miniscule, maybe a few thousands of an inch (0.025 - 0.25 mm). Which could mean something like two or three inches off at a mile. not a tremendous amount but possibly enough to make a difference
it's actually the cannon's iron sight, them commander can lay down on top of the turret above the gun and aim it that way in case the optics are damaged
It's to make the weapon system more complex, therefore more requiring of maintenance and replacement parts, therefore increasing the profits of the manufacturer 😉
@@ingihrannar8781LOL. It's a high-precision instrument. So, whatever the material cost, it is an insignificant part of the price the Bundeswehr had to pay for it. But you apparently don't even recognize a joke, when it is marked as such....
@@martinfiedler4317 Yes i didnt recognize the joke even when it was marked as such. Yes i do and should feel like a fool. I have had my dunce hat put on and will now serve my 15 minutes in the shame corner. For real though my bad and have a good day whenever you read this
There are a lot of things I could say, but I won't, because I don't want to risk crossing what might be considered national security. Features like this mirror are designed to keep the crew informed of "gun droop". When you are really in it, you're firing the main gun so much that it can get soft and starts to droop. Various systems like this are designed to inform the gunner what is going on. Good vid.
I understand there are nuanced political reasons behind Germany's obsession with focusing on defensive capabilities, apparently like not including wind sensors. What I don't understand is why they don't think they'll ever be on the attack. You don't want to include capabilities because they aren't needed on a defensive line, but then you never expect to have to retake any ground at all? Ukraine shows why this is a problem, as overused as that example is... I mean at the very least wouldn't it take some load off the gunner and just make everything a bit more efficient? I guess I also finally understand why the Abrams commander I know thinks the Abrams FCS is better than the Leo's. Thanks for the video as always
The video made is sound like it was removed so that the crew wouldn't rely on it while in a defensive position, which was supposedly most of the time. During the Cold War, it was assumed, like the man said, that Germany's only role would be to suffer and buy time until the allies would be ready to counterattack. So, there wouldn't necessarily be that many German tanks left anymore when the time to retake land arrived. In any case, that was the assumption. Now, much later, we do know that the USSR was quite a paper tiger and the West overestimated its capabilities time after time.
@@herrakaarme Yea you have a good point, it's just that I see this as a pretty basic thing to train for. And even if not, surely just having a button to turn the sensors off would have been enough. Maybe they figured out it just wasn't necessary and the tank works just fine without one. Would be curious to see how accurate a Leo is VS an Abrams or Chally 2 in various scenarios.
@@knoll9812 lol yea I've always had a sneaking suspicion that was down to the UK having so few tanks and having more focus on training the few crews they have. Obviously have no data to back this up, just a thought. Their infantry seems to be that way from what I've heard.
Angle of sunlight will heat up one half of the barrel leaving the other half in a cool shade. Main gun barrels are also insulated with a jacket to minimize heating from outside sources.
Muzzle Reference Device aka MRD. Widespread on NATO tanks since Desert Storm era. First appeared on russian tanks in 2016 on T-90M. Says a lot about how much behind someone is in Fire Control System aka FCS tech if that wasn't an important part for them until recently 😅
The 1A40 sight of the T-72B has, already from the late 80s, a system called UVKV that perform the same function of a Muzzle Reference System but using a prism from inside the vehicle and notches on the muzzle of the gun. The fact that you don't see it, doesn't mean it is not there, it is simply different.
@@ginolospazzino5261 1a40 cannot perform the adjustment automatically and on the fly. The adjustment is also reliant on the sharpness of the gunner mk1 eyeball.
@@jintsuubest9331 Yes, indeed, but a part for the dubious real value of automatic instant adjustment in, let's say, 80% of combat situations, the russian system has its advantage being entirely under armour and without failure points, being entirely manual. As for everything, I think, it's a tradeoff between cost, reliability and performance.
Obviously - because the Bundeswehr tankers know when it is time to powder their noses and refresh the make-up. (sorry, I could not resist to make this joke)
4:23 😂 they measure tube déformation but not the wind. Probably Rheinmetall invented new kind of artillery... 1 > stop tank to reload... 2 > align mirror with control device ( if open ...haha) 3 > LOOK at grass and trees for wind !!! ( or use figer ?) 4 > shoot ! To late you are dead because you checked the canon had less than 2 mm torsion...at 15°C because you never shoot... CONCLUSION shitty canon needs a mirror simply because it is BAD QUALITY that involves micromètres check...😂😂😂 And poor electronics even a 5 euro arduino processor could manage déviation wind, wich is quite crucial. Makes me remember 2014 scandal of Rheinmetall contract for training 30 000 russians to moderne warefare ...probably with a mirror....😮
My German friends, let me tell you. You badasses do NOT need to wait on us Americans. I have seen what you are capable of. I think you could kick Russia's ass all by yourself. :)
Leopard 2 is almost perfect, only weakness in my eyes that side armor is too weak! Even decades old RPGs penetrating it like butter, we said it after our experience in Syria while some ''expert'' morons acted like it was our fault. Leopard 2 needs heavy side armor package to operate reliably, don't send any to Ukraine without them..
To be fair, all western tanks have same weakness as NATO doctrine in general dictates all engagements will be frontal. But in a real combat it is never possible to maintain frontal engagement especially with mines, artillery, IEDs, drones etc.
so, by your logic every tank is.. there is literally not a single tank in the worlds history that has actually fought and didnt have losses, losses are expected, its a part of war, i do not understand how so many people have the image that a tank is an unstoppable force of nature, it isnt, never was, and nothing is
Trump said that Germany hasn’t paid the amount of the country’s GDP into NATO for decades. So if Germany wants US to save you from the Russians pay what you owe. Guess what happened? Money appeared in NATO’s pockets.
One of the reasons for the great losses of Leopard 2 in ukraine is this system is specifically targeted by drone implementing laser projector analog AI generated adversarial attack that attracts the targeting system state towards an unstable condition. After such attack the crew will have to exit the tank to perform an external hard reset of targeting system.
"laser projector analog AI generated adversarial attack" is the craziest form of the jewish space laser i have ever heard. you sir have beat every american and russian politician in terms of bullshit in less than a single sentence
The tank is dead. The war in Ukraine showed that a device worth millions can be destroyed by a $500 drone or cheap loitering ammunition. Even an infantry fighting vehicle can defeat a main battle tank in a duel - and with the autocannon, not the TOW, which is even worse. I think that many armies will say goodbye to the main battle tank. There are attempts to counteract the new threats through protection systems like Trophy, but ultimately this attempt will fail. Even a reactive defense system will never be able to fend off a swarm of drones. No tank will be able to meaningfully defend against such a saturation attack, which will always be significantly cheaper than a tank. Tanks are a death trap and will disappear.
Alright then, tell me, what other vehicle or piece of equipment can replace the tank for the same price and size? as of right now, there is no such system, and that is the exact reason why the tank isn't dead, and wont be for quite a while unless someone creates something that can rival it. If you come up with something, call up the ministry of defense, you'll probably get a prize.
@@jonyvole I've already sent my solution to the Ministry of Defense, but never received a response. Joking aside. My statement was probably a bit polemical. MBTs may continue to exist, as they have often been declared dead. However, the race between armor and defensive weapons will shift to a new level and tanks will have to have hard and soft kill systems if they want to survive. Combined arms combat will continue to gain in importance. Tanks will therefore become even heavier and more expensive. Rheinmetall's Panther seems to be partly going in this direction. I think that classic main battle tanks - especially the Russians' vulnerable T-series with autoloaders - really have no future because they are too vulnerable.
lots of Leo2 are strewn around the ukie battlefields destroyed/abandoned. Leo2 is no worse than Abrams/Challenger. but Leo2 chose to fight. and the other sissies didnt (they are used to engaging goat herders in Afgh)@@pandapandapanda1337
2:22 What is he exactly talking about? The EMES-Schutzklappen protect the optical sight aswell as the WBG and the laser. It is even possible to choose if only the protection plate for the WBG gets closed or both are closed and thus the whole EMES is protected.
Yea, I was confused too. I believed many mid cold war vehicle already posses such feature. Although not motorized, can still be operated manually inside the vehicle. My man is confused.
It only works with the Gunner's Auxiliary Sight (GAS) because that is aligned with the barrel. The Gunner's Primary Sight (GPS) which has the thermal channel is offset (e.g. on a M1 series its on the turret roof).
@@whya2ndaccount Are you talking about the FJA (muzzle reference sensor), because in the Leopard 2 it only works with the primary sight?
5 месяцев назад
That is one of the Video topics I have on my List aswell. Thank you for the Info on how it works specifically on the Leo 2. Handy to have some "barrel drop" for filming :)
So if this sensor or mirror is damaged it makes harder to correct any barrel droop and Russian tanks use similar system, so buttoning up a tank is still a thing, though one should destroy the optics with one accurate shot instead of just letting loose with machinegun, witch alerts the crew to shut down the shields on the optics. Gotta remember that if.. when shit hits the fan.
