I am a fourth year radiology resident, and I have watched your videos throughout my residency and learned a lot from them. I love how your videos are not very long, and to the point. Looking forward to watching your future videos.
Good question, TNM doesn't give us a way to classify this, but I would suggest that if it is bilateral, then it would be considered M1a. When lymphangitic carcinomatosis is present, there are usually many lymph nodes that are enlarged also.
Hi!! Excellent educational video. I am a Medical Oncology resident from India and have benefitted a lot in my understanding of the subject through your video.
good day i'd like to ask a question w/ regards to lungs. My mother has undergone thoracentesis 5 years ago because of fluid build up in her lungs. Is it possible that the scar from the procedure bleed because she have cough for 12 weeks already(2022) but 2 days ago when she spat it has blood. The amount of blood is probably less than a tsp and its color is bright red not dark. My father died last march so my mother is a bit stressed so her weight dropped because she has no appetite during those times. Recently she gained weight and looks way better than before. Her voice is still the same nothing has changed, never had a fever or chills in the last 12 weeks, she never felt tired and she even garden daily. A few days before she spat with blood, there was an episode where she felt her heart palpitated, we checked it out its over 100 but less than 120 this is when she walked upstairs. Also the day she spat with blood we were having dinner, she kinda choked a bit while eating dried squid so she assumed it could be the cause. So my questions are : 1. what's the possibility its from the scar from her lungs why she spat blood because of her cough 2. is it possible from acute bronchitis 3. what are the chances i hope its not its lung cancer ( shes not a smoker ) her age is 70 4. she had tuberculosis before and finished the 6-9months medication and she recovered 5. she had mastectomy in 2019 (right breast) as a precaution to breast cancer it was stage 0 6. she had xray 3 months ago and it was clear ( before she had a cough) thank you and good day
Amazing how all these tests yet my if the tumor gets so big than opps your terminal opps get your affairs opps you have end stage small cell. Sorry that's how quickly it went with my,late mother
What would be the T staging for a single tumor invading a separate lobe? Or a single tumor that invades a mediastinal node (eg 4R invasion from a right upper lobe tumor)?
hallo thank you for the great presentation. how do you regard the mediastinal invasion without obvious involvement of mediastina structures. for example, if the tumor is invading the fat of the mediastinum would that be T4 or T3?
How common are variances in the measurements of tumors in CT scans when looked at by different radiologists, and does it matter at all? Say, one radiologist measures a mass as 7.5 x 4.0cm but another will measure that same mass as 9.2 x 4.7 cm. Can measurements typically be this varied from radiologist to radiologist?
Yes, it is possible to be that different. Esp if one radiologist is using the axial images and another is using a different projection (like sagittal or coronal)
Hi Dr Rishi Agrawal How would you stage a lung cancer patient which has a non regional lymph node involvement (eg. Ipsilateral, contralateral axillary lymph node) . N3? M1?
hi, you should probably contact your doctor for specific prognosis. also, when you search for information on the internet, you should go by where the cancer first started. so if the cancer first started in the lung, then it is called lung cancer, even if it spread to the bone. if it started in the uterus and spread to the lung, it is called uterine cancer with metastasis to the lung, etc.
Thank you for this video of explanation in great detail. I have multiple nodules with one specific being speculated and growing in my right upper lung. It was explained that it was in a difficult area to get to though, through the use of the latest robotics, I underwent a lung biopsy this morning and awaiting the results. I like that I am able to learn and research information like this for my current situation and learn much more in-depth about it. Thank you.
@@ThoracicRadiology Thank you very much, As an update, After the biopsy result, PET scan, etc. I have Stage 4 Adenocarcinoma in both lungs, lymph nodes along the mediastinum, and something within cells regarding in the fluid surrounding the lungs and other organs. Again I would like to say thank you for the videos and the detailed explanations that are given as it gives people such as myself the opportunity to learn and understand giving a much clearer understanding in what we research to educate ourselves. I have always had an interest in the medical field so I find the information very interesting as well. Thank you for taking the time to help educate us, It is greatly appreciated.
If the lesion is clearly going to the chest wall then you can say that it has invaded the parietal pleura. Short of that, then it requires a pathologist to determine whether there is visceral or parietal pleural invasion.
