Microbiology Slide Identification - مراجعة العملي 

ممكن استفسار الله يسعدك

A trick : you can watch movies at Flixzone. Me and my gf have been using it for watching a lot of movies during the lockdown.

@Lincoln Griffin yup, have been using flixzone for months myself =)

شكرا ربنا يخليكوا ، حاضر ان شاء الله بإذن الله

ربنا يمتعك بالصحة والعافية ويجعل علمك ينتفع به للعالمين كل سنة وحضرتك بالف خير 🤗

بارك الله فيك ، القي نظره علي playlist العملي

ان شاء الله في المستقبل

شكرا جزيلاً ، اذا وجدت اكثر سارسل لك Good read: site.iugaza.edu.ps/mwhindi/files/Modern-Industrial-MicrobiologyBiotechnology.pdf

Check the practical playlist video 1

There are many types of sterilizers, but the two most common are the dry heat sterilizer and the steam sterilizer autoclave. Dry heat sterilizers use very high temperatures to kill microorganisms. To effectively kill spores, dry heat sterilizers must reach 170 degrees Celsius and remain at that temperature for one hour. This type of sterilizer is particularly useful when sanitizing metal instruments because it does not rust the equipment nor dull metal edges. Steam sterilizers, or autoclaves, like dry heat sterilizers use very high temperatures to destroy harmful microorganisms, but they also use pressure over a specific amount of time to disinfect. Contrarily, autoclaves must only reach about 121 degrees Celsius for fifteen minutes to sterilize. They are the most popular sterilizer choice because they can be used with a variety of equipment; however, the steam may damage unprotected instruments. This damage can cause corrosion or dullness to the equipment. Consequently, thorough drying after the steam exposure is very important; otherwise dampness could invite these dangerous organisms to penetrate the very items you are trying to clean. Dry Heat Sterilizers and Steam Autoclave Sterilizer UsesTuttnauer EZ9Plus Steam Autoclave Dry Heat Sterilization is great for a wide range of items like loads that contain powders, fat, or oils that the steam sterilizer’s moisture would damage. Glassware, hydrophobic materials, and metal instruments are best in dry heat sterilizers. When sterilizing flammable, culture media, or liquid items, autoclaves are your best bet because liquids will boil in the oven-like dry heat sterilizer. In addition, dense loads are best disinfected by a steam sterilizer because the dry heat sterilizer’s convection process may not effectively penetrate each item.

تمام 👍🏼

@@DrMohamedSherifLectures تمام....أشكرك دكتور على الإجابة. .وعلى الشرح العلمي البسيط

Bacteria are single celled organisms. Among themselves, meaning between bacteria to bacteria, there is what is know as Quorum sensing that allows them to sense what other bacterial species is around them so they can react accordingly. Basically they are living beings but whether they have a consciousness is debatable.