+HuskyTech Paris lines 1 - 4 - 6 - 11 - 14 the Orlyval and CDGVAL ( both are airport shuttles ) and trams line 5 - 6 and maybe further more. All these lines are rubber tires not only line 14
+HuskyTech The whole Montreal Metro is a rubber-tire system. Less screeching as it stops at a station and more importantly, a smoother ride. It also provides for faster acceleration, shorter stopping distances, and the ability to climb steeper grades. It is modeled after the original, Paris, France. There are, however, steel wheels for every rubber tire that are not in contact with the track during normal operation. They are suspended just over the alternate track rail. If a rubber tire goes flat during operation the lost air and thus lowering of the train axle at that one axle will mean the steel wheel for that particular tire will now come to rest on the alternate rail and support that part of the train until repairs are made. This is so it can continue to the end of the line and not interrupt service. With the steel wheel down, sensors along the track detect that it is "limping" and triggers notification that this train needs immediate servicing at the end of this run. It even notifies which car is in question and which tire. I believe this is by a simple counting method. All the trains are the same length to fit all the equally sized stations. With a train passing over a sensor, the sensor can count all the "pass" & "fail" reads. Every axle that passes the sensor with the steel wheel up is a pass. Any axle sitting low on the steel wheel is a fail. Knowing the standard length of the train and counting how many "passes" were read before the "fail", the system knows exactly which tire, and on which side of the train, to focus on when it rolls in for service. I hope this helps and is interesting!
