#Frankenstein #castles #ruins #history #medieval #AbandonedPlaces
Frankenstein Castle is situated high above the village of the same name in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany 🇩🇪) . The name Frankenstein first appears in a document around 1146. However, individual documents indicate that it was already built around 1100.
More about the thrilling history of the castle in the video.
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High above the village of the same name are the ruins of Frankenstein Castle. Its history dates far back. And right at the beginning: A mad scientist does not appear in it.
The name Frankenstein appears in a document in 1146 in the person of the noble Helenger of Frankenstein. However, historians assume that the founding of the castle took place earlier, as individual documents tell of the construction of a tower around 1100.
The owner of this keep was the Limburg Monastery. It was supposed to secure the routes to Speyer, Worms and Dürkheim. Around 1205, the monastery commissioned the Counts of Leiningen, who had already been entrusted with the protection of the monastery, for this purpose. At the beginning of the 13th century they had the complex extended.
Because of the narrow rocky area, the castle had to be built in a step-like manner. During the period of construction work, from 1204 to 1231, the knights Marquard, Friedrich and Helenger of Frankenstein are mentioned in documents as administrative and castle men of the Leiningen counts.
Around 1390 Frankenstein Castle became a Ganerbenburg. At that time the monastery pledged half of the castle complex to the Lords of Einselthum. Later, parts of this pledge were taken over by the Counts of Nassau-Saarbrücken and Leiningen-Hardenburg. The three parties agreed by lot on how the castle was to be divided up.
In the second half of the 15th century, a feud prevailed between Kurfürst Friedrich I. of the Pfalz and Count Ludwig I. of Pfalz-Zweibrücken. The castle was damaged during the disputes, but was still at least partially habitable in 1504. In 1512, Emperor Maximilian I imposed the imperial charter on Count Emich VIII of Leiningen-Hardenburg. The Count of Nassau then took the castle by order of the Emperor.
During the German Peasant War in 1525 the castle was destroyed again. From 1560 it was considered uninhabitable. However, it continued to be used for military purposes due to its advantageous location.
During the Thirty Years' War, the Spanish commander Ambrosio Spinola conquered the castle. It was probably handed over without a fight. The Spanish stationed a small crew in the complex. In the further course of the war it was then heavily damaged.
After the French revolutionary wars, the areas on the left bank of the Rhine in the Kurpfalz, and thus also Frankenstein Castle, came back into the possession of the Kingdom of Bavaria as a result of the Congress of Vienna. In the years 1883/84 and 1938/39 the ruin was restored and structurally secured.
When the ruins had become the property of the state of Rheinland-Pfalz, its state administration of castles and palaces carried out archaeological investigations from 1971 to 1974 and in 1988/89.
The ruins consist largely of the remains of the three-part palace from the 13th century, which once belonged to the lower castle. It is mainly from the late late Staufer or early Gothic period. Especially its lancet windows and the preserved multi-storey fireplace system of the middle section are of great architectural historical value.
The remains of the upper castle can be reached via a rock staircase. These consist mainly of the ruins of the 12th century watchtower, which was part of the original fortifications.
During renewed restoration work, the foundations of a previously unknown shield wall were discovered. In addition, the two upper floors of the hall building were rebuilt and the oriel of the chapel was reconstructed.
30 сен 2024
