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The Namdharis are a Sikh sect that differs from mainstream Sikhs chiefly in that it believes that the lineage of Sikh Gurus did not end with Guru Gobind Singh, thus continuing the succession of Sikh Gurus through the centuries from Guru Nanak Dev to the present day.[1], who moved the sects centre to Bhaini Sahib (Ludhiana) and is regarded as the first Indian to use non-cooperation and non-violence boycott in order to combat the British Empire in India.[2]
Namdhari Sikhs believes that the lineage of Sikh gurus did not end with Guru Gobind Singh and that he did not die at Nanded, instead he was able to escape.[7][unreliable source][8][9][unreliable source] They recognize Balak Singh (1797-1862) as the 11th Guru of the Sikh religion, thus continuing the succession of Sikh Gurus through the centuries from Guru Nanak Dev to the present day.[10] Each member of the Namdhari community is given Amrit at a young age,[11][unreliable source] they do not consume meat, alcohol or drugs. The 12th Guru was Ram Singh (1816-1885), who moved the sects centre to Bhaini Sahib (Ludhiana) and is regarded as the first Indian to use non-cooperation and non-violence boycott in order to combat the British Empire in India.[5]
Painting of a Namdhari Sikh or Kuka Sikh, by Kapur Singh, Amritsar, ca.1860-65
The Namdhari's are advocates for Guru Nanak Dev 's message and philosophy of sharing your wealth and food with the needy, earn an honest living and to unifying with the creator by appreciating and reciting the lords Naam.[citation needed]
They did not believe in any religious ritual other than the repetition of their god's name (or nam, for which reason members of the sect are called Namdharis),[12] rejecting the worship of idols, graves, tombs, gods, or goddesses.[13] The Namdharis had more of a social impact than the Nirankaris at the time of its founding due to the fact that they emphasized Khalsa identity, seeking to reestablish it, and the authority of the Guru Granth Sahib,[14] as well as their clashes with the British colonial authority. They call their houses of worship dharamsalas, though they freely attend other gurdwaras, maintaining family and friendship ties across sect lines.[15]
They consider Guru Granth Sahib and Dasam Granth as equally important, and compositions from the Chandi di Var are a part of their daily Nitnem. They circumambulate the fire (havan) during their weddings, but they differ in that the hymns are those from the Adi Granth.[6][16]
Issued by Guru Ram Singh during their time of exile, it has become the foundation of the Namdhari Sikh belief system.[17] It was specifically addressed to the community of Sikhs living in Bhaini. In promotes waking up early before sunrise, hygiene and cleanliness as well as brushing teeth and showering from head to toe daily.
Guru Ram Singh encouraged memorising Gurbani and to contemplate on the almighty 24 hours a day.[18][unreliable source] He promoted peace and non violence against oppression, forgiveness, humility and tolerance. The Namdhari Rehatnama promotes singing of hymns daily and also sets out a conduct which should be followed if a Havan is to be performed, lsiting out which texts should be read and how the area should be prepared. The rehatnama outlines how a Sikh should change his or her kacherra (one leg should remain in the kacherra whilst the other has been taken out). It banned child weddings and banned taking money from sisters or daughters along with outlaw of gambling (page 129)
6 сен 2024