Nephrotic Syndrome | Part 1🩺 

Nephrotic Syndrome | Part 1🩺
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▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
00:00:00 Introduction, Glomerulopathies and Glomerulonephritis
00:00:58 Basic structure of Glomeruli
00:03:57 Fenestrations and filtration slits, size barrier
00:07:40 Negative charge barrier
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Each kidney has more than a million nephrons and therefore Glomeruli. Efferent and Afferent arterioles take blood to & from these glomeruli & together form Glomerular Capillaries on top of Bowman's Capsule of Glomerulus.
Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) separates the glomerular capillaries from the Bowman's capsule. Together endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, GBM & visceral epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule (particularly the foot processes) make up the filtration barrier that is central to the functioning of nephron.
In addition to size filtration, there also exists a 'charge filtration' mechanism; owing to the overwhelming negative charges on endothelial cells, GBM and visceral epithelial cells.
Clinical Co-relate; in fact, there is a disease called Minimal Change Glomerulopathy (MCG) in which breakdown of filtration mechanism is not owing to any structural alteration of filtration membrane but in fact neutralization of negative charges on the filtration membrane.
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