Nobel Prize Winner Explains JWST vs The Crisis in Cosmology

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The Hubble Tension is one of the most exciting mysteries in modern day science. Different methods give different results for the expansion of the Universe. So, how can we solve this and can James Webb help us with that? Or will it make things even worse? Finding out with Physics Nobel Prize laureate, Dr Adam Riess.
🏅 Nobel Prize Winner John Mather Explains JWST
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00:00:00 Intro
00:01:40 Cepheid variables
00:10:47 Hubble Tension
00:18:14 Calibrating the results
00:22:19 James Webb
00:33:34 Plank results
00:38:27 Potential solutions
00:46:18 Back to familiar objects
00:50:36 Most effective kinds of searches
01:01:08 Current obsessions
01:03:19 Final thoughts and more interviews
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8 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 693

@FairyWeatherMan 4 месяца назад

I'm impressed. An hour long interview with a Nobel laureate in his field of expertise making clever, complex and precise questions is not something I see every day. Wonderful!

@0Logan05 2 месяца назад

Even The Obama won the Nobel Prize.😂..(Dozens of Entire families of innocent civilians Erased with HIS Drone strikes!). Don’t think that “Nobel” has ANY clout, credibility nor Reputation worth a D@m# any longer… Perhaps it never truly had any…

@egay86292 2 месяца назад

wow, you mean like when Obama bombed 7 countries and got the Nobel Peace Prize for it?

@jonathonjubb6626 Месяц назад

And not interrupted like certain channels would...

@johnstones66 4 месяца назад

Not only does Adam know his stuff but he knows how to explain it. Great discussion.

@shalomcesar6289 3 месяца назад

He was my professor a few years back and I thought he always did a great job explaining things in an easy way to understand

@russellalesi5715 Месяц назад

Like RPF...

@c0nk2879 3 месяца назад

I could listen to Adam explain stuff all day. What a great teacher!

@MrLalando 4 месяца назад

Fraser I LOVE how you are knowledgeable enough to get to the most of this amazing Noble prize winner. What a wonderful gift for all of us!!!

@TriuraniumOctoxide 4 месяца назад

Agree! Fraser is the 1st to claim he's "only" a Space news journalist - but am sure his scope and width of knowledge is wider than many actual scientists!

@chrisstevens-xq2vb 4 месяца назад

Haha the guy thinks you can measure distance with light frequency.

@MrJetplanemusic 4 месяца назад

*Nobel* prize.

@richardchapman1592 4 месяца назад

Yea, red shift likely has more than the recession as it's cause.. maybe light quanta lose energy when forced to alter polarity or the extreme edges of ordinary matter wave functions cause red shift

@richardchapman1592 4 месяца назад

Got red shift and strength of luminosity of cepvhids working on coordination to be certain of the distance and time estimations.

@jockeb2651 4 месяца назад

For a while I couldn't watch Your videos because You look like my old boss who was horrible. So I just had the audio on, but now I'm happy every time I see You man

@jockeb2651 4 месяца назад

And also thanks for Your awesome content

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

Yikes. I'm glad you got over it. I'm a really nice boss. :-)

@FirestormX9 4 месяца назад

@@frasercain there's your evil alter ego, Fraser. Might add to the 6 degrees of separation theory hahah

@jockeb2651 4 месяца назад

@@frasercain Haha yeah I would happily work for You. It sucked just listening to the videos for a great while haha. @FirestormX9 You're in to something here

@donporter8432 4 месяца назад

😂😂😂

@bobbymoniz7657 4 месяца назад

This interview was really special. I have watched it 2 times so far. I understand far more now than i did before. Thank you for landing such a fantastic interview, and for knowing what questions to ask!

@Velereonics 3 месяца назад

" discovering" dark energy is like anybody who knows anything about physics knows to interpret the word. discover there in a very specific way, but most people think that means scientists found it and they did not. just because you found an explanation for why your equation is an accurate doesn't mean that that explanation is correct. because your equation can be wrong for another reason

@BrettCoryell 4 месяца назад

This is just one of many examples of being able to get really amazing guests to talk to. This is why I'm a subscriber and a Patron. You just can't get this kind of content anywhere else.

@FairyWeatherMan 4 месяца назад

Exactly my thought. You expressed it perfectly.

@AlistairGale 4 месяца назад

Recombination was when protons and electrons came together to form hydrogen allowing light to penetrate.

@bcam266 4 месяца назад

I love watching mr. Riess. He’s so into his painful study, that there is no space or energy for ego, as displayed by so many public speakers.

@JoeZorzin 4 месяца назад

Fantastic discussion. Fraser's questions were superb and Adam's replies were mind blowing.

@I-0-0-I 4 месяца назад

Fraser’s ability to draw these guests is phenomenal. His rise in respectability is gosh darn respectable.

@JoeZorzin 4 месяца назад

@@I-0-0-I You really gotta be sharp to interview a Noble Prize winner and get the most out of the discussion and Fraser nailed it! I'm a RU-vid junkie and this was one of the best I've ever seen.

@mikesmith1817 4 месяца назад

Yep, no point having a great interviewee unless you have a great interviewer. Which Fraser is.

@tombombadil3185 3 месяца назад

@@JoeZorzin Obama getting the Nobel Peace Prize before he had even assumed the office lost my respect for that institution. What Obama did in office lost my respect also.

@JoeZorzin 3 месяца назад

@@tombombadil3185 I agree with that but the Noble prize thing is pretty good when it sticks to science and avoids political awards.

@davidlewiz4325 4 месяца назад

Wow! A really riveting discussion! He had good examples for us to latch on to. Great work Fraser.

@drewd2 4 месяца назад

I loved the interview. This scientists was particularly articulate and to the point. All substance. More, please.

@picksalot1 4 месяца назад

That is easily one the very best Science Interviews I've ever heard. Wonderfully lucid, comprehensive, interesting, and easy to understand. This is a great example of Science at its best! Thanks 👏

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

Glad you enjoyed it!

@PsRohrbaugh 4 месяца назад

Would there be scientific merit in terms of parallax distance if we, say, launched two JWSTs in opposite directions towards outer the solar system? In 20 years you could image the same target from Pluto's orbit - on opposite sides of the solar system. That'd expand the angular resolution significantly. But would it be useful?

@randywilliams7696 3 месяца назад

check out the NASA paper 'A Telescope at the Solar Gravitational Lens'

@hugegamer5988 3 месяца назад

@@randywilliams7696 low range of observation targets, limited observation time of a decade or so, but with a 50 billion times magnification boost you can’t go wrong.

@rafaelgonzalez4175 2 месяца назад

The true answer is no. All particles have atomic weight. It would be irrelevant as to where it is in space because it must maintain weight. Atoms are atoms and will not change weight. Telescopes are to see distance. Filters are to see what can not be seen. Particles and elements are defined. Mass and matter are measurable. Energy is not measurable. It is hypothesized. The speed of energy is hypothesized. What is absolute? Forward motion. Energy stores information. Consciousness deciphers energy and the information it stores. Life exists.

@paulcooper8818 4 месяца назад

Not sure if it was mentioned in the discussion, but Polaris is a Cepheid variable with about a four day period.

@michaelknight4041 3 месяца назад

Also a great short story by hp Lovecraft

@greggstrasser5791 2 месяца назад

Halton Arp can tell you something.

@FBDAGM2023 3 месяца назад

Finally! A channel that allow science to speak for itself, with no presuppositions.

@UnknownMoses 2 месяца назад

lol science

@egay86292 2 месяца назад

dream on. you are presupposing no presuppositions.

@FBDAGM2023 2 месяца назад

@@egay86292true technically. It’s impossible to speak as a human without presupposition. Science is a method, however. The method has presuppositions that mean it can overturn its own presuppositions. Science is willing to embrace change and move on when any of its presuppositions are overturned by evidence. Science is done by humans and they are fallible and mess things up. But anyone who produces verifiable evidence for change can overturn the consensus

@BaddHabytzz 4 месяца назад

I am thoroughly impressed with the ability of you and your guests to present such complex ideas to we laymen in a way we can comprehend. Astronomy and Physics have always fascinated me, and I watch a lot of content that may as well be in a foreign language for all that I'm able to take away. I'm very grateful to have found your channel recently and that you have such an extensive library of digestible material. Thank you for all your dedication and hard work to share your knowledge and passion with us!

@duncanidaho9153 4 месяца назад

If you can't explain it you're much less likely to get funding.

@richardmulcahy1535 3 месяца назад

Dear Dr. Riess, Thank you very much for a generous and illuminating discussion. You do credit to your profession, your degree, and your Prize.

@bearbryant3495 4 месяца назад

This really cleared up some questions I didn't even know I had about Cepheid variables. Good interview.

@twerkintwinkie786 4 месяца назад

My dream was to go to school for astronomy and astrophysics. The cost of a good education in these fields kind of killed that dream. You’re keeping that dream alive for me though. Your content is top tier my friend. This stuff is so cool to learn about!

@adamredwine774 4 месяца назад

If you can get through the undergrad degree, you’re golden. Pretty much all grad students get a stipend.

@tessaN64 4 месяца назад

never give up twerking twinkie. its not too late!! twerk on that degree babes

@twerkintwinkie786 4 месяца назад

@@adamredwine774 good to know, thanks for the info!

@ZapperGazer 4 месяца назад

I got mine from American Public University System, with Federal Student loans. Fun, indeed!

@adamredwine774 4 месяца назад

@@ZapperGazer that’s how I did my undergraduate degree. Paid off my student loans after something like 7 years

@lyledal 4 месяца назад

Fantastic interview! Thank you!

@TidalDisruptionEvent 3 месяца назад

I could listen to you & Dr. Riess talk for… well, a very long time. That hour flew by. What a phenomenal interview! Bravo!

@josephmorin8941 2 месяца назад

Man i mean this in the most polite and respectful way. If you believe the bullcrap these guys are selling then you, my friend, are stupid. I'm just saying.

@tomsawyer4776 3 месяца назад

Good interview....you have great skill in extracting the info we want to know.

@anthonyzornig 2 месяца назад

Great interview! Well prepared, well guided and well chosen guest. Thx!

@WilliamRWarrenJr 4 месяца назад

I am grateful for your periodic updates!Thanks!

@papachis9535 4 месяца назад

Absolutely magnificent interview Fraser. Probably amongst the best you have ever done, and one for the vaults. Thank you.

@olorin4317 4 месяца назад

I really enjoyed the description of the cepheid variable star.

@DanouNauck 4 месяца назад

That was such a great interview. Whow i learned A LOT! I had to watch it twice, it was sooo good. Thanks @fraser for this good piece of Work, yet again. 🤘

@glenndennis6801 4 месяца назад

Anther great interview. Never really had a good concept of the issues. This cleared up a lot. Thanks, Dr Riess

@virgilmccabe2828 4 месяца назад

I’m a bit confused about the expansion of the universe. The farther away a galaxy is from earth the further back in time we are observing it. That means the expansion was faster in the far distant past than it was for a galaxy that is say half the distance and therefore is moving away at a much lower velocity. If we see a faster expansion in the far past and slower expansion in the near past does that indicate that the expansion is decelerating?

@rapragermusic 3 месяца назад

Yes it would

@fto3367 3 месяца назад

No. It's the opposite. The expansion of space is accelerating. The reason a distant galaxy "moves away" more quickly from us is because there is more expanding space in between. That would be the case even when the expansion of space is constant. The expansion didn't happen at the position and time of the distant ancient galaxy but homogeneously throughout the entire space on the light's journey.

@mikeylatteri 3 месяца назад

This burst my current bubble of understanding of where we stand in the universe. Things are similar, but everything is changing. Thank you for seeking further truths.

@debras1503 Месяц назад

I have been listening to your show for a few years. I’m 64 and have been self teaching myself. You teach me a lot❤

@modalmixture 4 месяца назад

This was an amazing interview, great questions and insightful answers. I would have wanted to ask, as someone interested in statistics, how do you so confidently know what your error bars are? How do you propagate all the different sources of error through the whole process to get a single error estimate?

@watchison1 4 месяца назад

Your show is just so unique and informative. It is so fun and enhanced with your own passion. Thank you for what you do.

@davidhanna8470 3 месяца назад

Your interviews are exceptional. Drawing out people and professions is delicate and difficult, some folk are naturals. Thank you for your work.

@fisheye42 4 месяца назад

20:34 “…on very small scales, like a megaparsec…” Wow, I ❤ astronomy!

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

Merely 3 million light years or so.

@fisheye42 4 месяца назад

A paltry 31 quintillion kilometers. Small indeed.

@jamesalec1321 2 месяца назад

Awesome interview. Thanks very much.

@uncletiggermclaren7592 4 месяца назад

That was extremely interesting. Also, amusing because I just listened to a man who unironically called 3,260,000 light years "very small scale".

@Moudabo 4 месяца назад

Such a wonderful discussion centered around this space riddle. A big thank you to Dr Adam Riess for sharing his time, and insightful knowledge with us. Engaging guest. Fraser's questions were on point and allowed Adam to elaborate on his answers. This format offers the guest enough time to add a little context to their replies. Well done.

@jimbernard8964 2 месяца назад

Brilliant interview! Bravo!

@scottwickstrum6977 3 месяца назад

How have I not heard of this channel? Never mind, I'm here now, and this is amazing stuff! Thank you, and keep it up! Great mix of lay person notes and amazing knowledge.

@arthurw8054 2 месяца назад

Absolutely terrific interview, thanks.

@alfonsopayra 4 месяца назад

Amazing interview. 🎉

@spacedarkmatters1796 4 месяца назад

Ive never commented before but thank you Fraser for such great content, I really appriciate your hard work

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

Thanks a lot, I'm really glad you're enjoying them.

@cafaque 4 месяца назад

That is a great interview. Awesome work!

@BartvandenDonk 3 месяца назад

Good conversation with understandable explanations of many things in the galaxy.

@bariizlam638 2 месяца назад

Adam Riess is awesome and such an accomplished physicist! he makes complex topics really understandable for laymen like us...also thanks for the excellent work you do @Fraiser Cain as a science communicator! keep em coming

@roshaan 4 месяца назад

Fascinating questions and very interesting answers. Loved the session.

@noelstarchild 7 дней назад

This is a fascinating discussion too. Great segment.

@johngriffith2232 3 месяца назад

Excellent dialog.... well done! John Griffith

@davidwalden8732 Месяц назад

I love the use of metaphors such as the one of voices in the stadium of a football game Dr. Riess uses in explaining how picking out individual stars is improved by improvements in resolution. Brilliant!

@epajarjestys9981 2 месяца назад

Awesome interview.

@missvic659 2 месяца назад

Thank you, very interesting information about how much more we have learned about our universe, with JWST!

@thedouglasw.lippchannel5546 2 месяца назад

Excellent talk. Thank You.

@kwccoin3115 4 месяца назад

Great interview and how the interviewer is so knowledgeable to get the interviewee to express ... So great.

@JPspinFPV 2 месяца назад

This is a fantastic discussion. I'm still not convinced there was a big bang, but perhaps us approaching the limits of our observations.

@quikaddict1 4 месяца назад

Great interview 👍

@joepriority 2 месяца назад

Superb interview

@Arcticstar69 Месяц назад

I just asked the question you touched. Thanks Dr.Riess.

@margretrosenberg420 4 месяца назад

This is what I like best about science. We have something that physicists describe as a "crisis," but that doesn't mean that they're worried; it means that they're excited about the chance to make new discoveries.

@paulthomas963 2 месяца назад

Oh please, no they aren't. If any of them were honest, they would admit the data proved their models are wrong. It will be decades before they have that much humility.

@Mathewmatic 4 месяца назад

Wow, I learned so much about the Hubble Tension today. What a great interview.

@j72ashley 4 месяца назад

My totally uneducated brain is actually starting to pick up some of this stuff. I still have to look up stuff from time to time and pause the video, but this particular episode is super helpful for me to at least get some basic understanding of what the issue is at hand. Also, learned about cepheid variables. Thanks for helping to bridge the gap from the educated experts to the layman like myself.

@yoni-in-BHAM Месяц назад

This discussion was great! Plus I was able to follow what was being conveyed. I'm not so dumb after all! 🤸‍♀️ Man I love this stuff!

@adamredwine774 4 месяца назад

Excellent interview.

@sheepwshotguns42 4 месяца назад

what a great interview!

@WilliamRWarrenJr 4 месяца назад

If the observable data don't match the theory ... either the observable data or the theory, or both, are not proven. Both may be right, through some process we have yet to understand.

@TNM001 3 месяца назад

lovely interview. also, i appreciated the subtle diss on the economy/literature nobel price ;)

@dungteller367 2 месяца назад

Thank you!

@realkarfixer8208 4 месяца назад

Thanks!

@sburges12 3 месяца назад

That was awesome! 👍😎

@cagecurrent 4 месяца назад

Great interview! ❤

@realkarfixer8208 4 месяца назад

Phenomenal interview Fraser! Dr. Reiss is a great communicator, he seem very comfortable discussing very difficult concepts that require precise measurements and calibrations it a way that the layperson can understand. You need to meet him at a Pub and spend a few hours chatting with him.

@vladborsh1584 4 месяца назад

Great stuff

@kiwigurn 4 месяца назад

Great questions. Thank you

@joeking4206 2 месяца назад

“It’s like threading the eye of a needle from the other side on the Moon”. Great analogy. I’ll use that whenever I get the chance.

@julioguardado 4 месяца назад

I love a good science mystery.

@snezzles278 3 месяца назад

great guest. great interview.

@JustNow42 3 месяца назад

Very nice, good coverage. When JWST see through dust I suppose it it is not 100% transparent and also varying with time and distance. Could that be covered?

@GlenBHoward 4 месяца назад

A fantastic interview! The only thing better than your questions were his answers! His explanations were very easy to follow and understand. A master communicator!

@photografr7 3 месяца назад

He’s brilliant AND a good educator.

@steelgreyed 4 месяца назад

This is what I needed. Thank you. Now all I need is to visualize how the expansion allows us to see how less than 13 billion year old light travels 34 Billion light years. That is some serious FTL shenanigans.

@rhyshagerty135 4 месяца назад

Would it be possible to tell the distance to something by working out how much you have to zoom in to bring it into focus allowing for difference in brightness?

@TurboElectricLtd 3 месяца назад

Still not understanding how we are describing the universe as having a beginning in the finite past when GR shows time just doesn't worked like that in an "infinitely" dense mass i.e.: the "big bang" singularity

@francisdebriey3609 4 месяца назад

I learned soooooo much that I feel now I am an astrophysicist ! Thank you, Adam and Fraser ...

@humanetiger Месяц назад

I like how he seems to look at the stars at any time in the interview.

@photografr7 3 месяца назад

I was praised for lectures on astronomy snd telescope types. He does the same but on a grander scale.

@canonwright8397 4 месяца назад

Wow, I didn't think it possible for me to be so interested in standards, rulers, and candles. Thanks. =].

@zapfanzapfan 4 месяца назад

Very good interview. I didn't realize there were so few type 1A-supernova we could see with good precision.

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

Yeah, there are only about 1500 known right now, but Vera Rubin is expected to find 1 million.

@zapfanzapfan 4 месяца назад

@@frasercain And only 42 of them close enough to compare with Cepheids.

@larrybuzbee7344 4 месяца назад

Fascinating!

@janetdaenzer8247 4 месяца назад

I don't think I have ever listened to such a brilliant interview. Fraser could probably answer the questions himself he has such a deep understanding of the universe andAdam is incredible in that he manages to explain the most complex ideas with down to earth images we can all follow without pages of algebraic equations.! Its such a gift. Thank you both so much. Ì' ll soon be listening for the third time to try to understand a little more.

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

I'm really glad you enjoyed it. You're watching me get an education. 😀

@janetdaenzer8247 4 месяца назад

Well when I catch you up I'll be as old as the further galaxies! But it's never too late to learn and what a chance we have to live at the beginning of these discoveries like when America was discovered😂😂

@janetdaenzer8247 4 месяца назад

Or when Europe thought it had discovered the America's! But that's another story!

@janetdaenzer8247 4 месяца назад

I have another crazy question to ask you. Is dark matter within our earth so we may breathe it or is it only exterior to our world? I sometimes feel there is something around me which I cannot tangibly feel but it may be my imagination

@mercilyngono8955 4 месяца назад

0:44 How is dark energy discovered when in fact it is still all but an unknown and theoretical?

@tonywells6990 4 месяца назад

Riess discovered that the rate of expansion of the universe is accelerating. Nobody knows what causes it, but dark energy is the term for a possible explanation (the cosmological constant) that fits with observations, and the consequence is that it makes up 70% of the energy content of the universe.

@mercilyngono8955 4 месяца назад

@tonywells6990 Tony, thanks for that. I did not particularly have time to check what the Nobel was awarded for, and as it had no relevance to my comment as I was only addressing one statement of the content creator. I suggest you lister to the word order at 0:44 and all will become evident.

@tonywells6990 4 месяца назад

@@mercilyngono8955 Yeah he discovered that the Hubble expansion rate is accelerating (most cosmologists at the time thought that the expansion rate would keep slowing and possibly even lead to a collapsing universe, so it was a surprise), and dark energy (a constant energy density in space that causes it to expand, possibly Einstein's cosmological constant) is thought to be the most likely explanation.

@mercilyngono8955 4 месяца назад

@@tonywells6990 Thanks again for your expansive explanation, much of which I already knew. My original comment was unrelated to all this. The substance of my post was what the original author said in his commentary. I believe a mistake on his part. But in essence, dark matter and energy are purely theoretical. There is only assumptions made to its possible existence.

@tonywells6990 4 месяца назад

@@mercilyngono8955 Dark matter and dark energy are at least born out of observational evidence.

@benfadely9583 4 месяца назад

I'm trying to comprehend why the universe is moving away from us no matter which direction we look. Seemingly would that not put us at the location of the Big bang, if there was one. At the very least does that not put us in the center of the universe 🤔🤔🧐😵‍💫

@iambiggus 4 месяца назад

The problem of that perspective really originates because the big bang is continually described as an explosion. It wasn’t an explosion that originated from one point, It was a phase transition that happened everywhere; in as near, as can be determined, in an infinitely large universe. Like popping the top off of a carbonated seltzer bottle, but instead of bubbles of co2, coming out of solution, it was radiation being dumped into an inflating space. And just like drawing a bunch of dots on a balloon, once you start inflating it, every point starts moving away from every other point, no matter which point you're on.

@jeffbrown66 4 месяца назад

My understanding is that space is expanding everywhere between galaxies and clusters at cosmological distances. No matter where the observer is located, the distant galaxies and clusters are redshifted and moving away from them. In other they would also think they are at the center of the universe.

@JoeZorzin 4 месяца назад

every point is at the center

@petertaylor4758 4 месяца назад

@@jeffbrown66 Then why is Andromeda galaxy going to collide with the Milky Way?

@petertaylor4758 4 месяца назад

@@jeffbrown66 I'm not saying you are wrong, I'm just curious

@denijane89 4 месяца назад

Oh, you got to interview Adam! So nice! It was very funny how he dodged the BAO question. I think he hates BAO. :) Also I didn't hear him mentioning GRBs, which seem to side with BAO and CMB (though that's a complicated question as GRBs are not yet admitted in the Standard Candles club). But I think the interview was great and Adam explained the situation very neatly.

@CaptShriver 3 месяца назад

Is it possible that we are wrong on star distances between each other? The distance between stars and even galaxies. How possible is it that we are way off on those measurements?

@billallen275 2 месяца назад

The words "Very Large Telescope " are very exciting!!!

@HotPinkst17 4 месяца назад

The issue is likely to be an error in the assumptions made to complete the calculation of the Hubble/Universal Constant. Mostly likely that we assume gravitational redshift is negligible. The longer light travels the more time for the gravity of the universe to redshift the light and we do not have high certainty of where all the mass was in relation to the path of the photons we measure. Unaccounted for gravitational redshift could easily resolve the unresolvable issue of dark energy and inconsistent variable expansion rates.

@brianrose1681 2 месяца назад

Gotta love an interviewer whose questions to a Nobel Prize winner result overwhelmingly with “Right, Right, Correct, Right, Right, Right,” 💪👍👏

@yclept9 4 месяца назад

The word you're looking for is (German) Brillenbrillanz - The sudden, innervating clarity afforded by new glasses.

@frasercain 4 месяца назад

Of course there's a German word for it. :-)

@EL_DUDERIN0 4 месяца назад

This was great! If I understand correctly, there is about 13.7 billion years of the cosmic measurement ladder for which we have no idea the rate of expansion? (from the origin of CMBR until maybe 150 million years ago)?