nuclear power plant working model making - simple diy - science project for exhibition | howtofunda
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Nuclear power is a significant source of electricity in many countries around the world due to its ability to produce large amounts of electricity with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. Here's an overview of the nuclear power generation process:
Nuclear Fission:
Nuclear fission is the process by which the nucleus of an atom is split into two smaller nuclei, releasing a tremendous amount of energy in the form of heat. This process occurs in a controlled chain reaction, which is sustained by the presence of a moderator and control rods.
Reactor Core:
The heart of a nuclear power plant is the reactor core, which contains nuclear fuel in the form of small pellets made of enriched uranium-235 or plutonium-239. These pellets are stacked in fuel rods, which are assembled to form fuel assemblies.
Control Rods:
Control rods made of materials like boron or cadmium are used to regulate the nuclear chain reaction. By inserting or withdrawing control rods into the reactor core, operators can control the rate of fission reactions.
Moderator:
A moderator is a substance, such as water or graphite, used to slow down the fast-moving neutrons produced during fission. Slowing down the neutrons enhances the probability of further fission reactions, sustaining the chain reaction.
Coolant:
A coolant, usually water, circulates through the reactor core, absorbing the heat produced during nuclear fission. The hot water is then pumped to a heat exchanger called a steam generator.
Steam Generation:
In the steam generator, the hot coolant transfers its heat to a secondary loop of water, turning it into high-pressure steam. The primary coolant remains isolated from the secondary loop, ensuring safety.
Turbine and Generator:
The high-pressure steam drives a turbine, which is connected to an electric generator. As the turbine spins, it generates electricity through electromagnetic induction.
Condenser and Cooling:
After passing through the turbine, the low-pressure steam is condensed back into water in a condenser, releasing its latent heat. The condensed water is then pumped back to the steam generator to repeat the cycle.
Electricity Distribution:
The electricity generated by the nuclear power plant is sent to the electrical grid, where it is distributed to homes, businesses, and industries.
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3 май 2023
