Overload & short circuit: Domestic circuits (Part 3) | Physics | Khan Academy

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Overload happens when current exceeds a safe value. Sometimes this happens due to voltage spikes. Attaching too many devices is also a very common cause. Sometimes there is a short circuit. A short circuit is when a very low resistance path is created, causing enormous amounts of current. For example, when a live wire touches a neutral wire, it creates a short circuit.
Overload protection and short circuit protection can be done by using an electric fuse.
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Created by Mahesh Shenoy

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25 июл 2024

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Комментарии : 122

@nihalMaTh Год назад

mahn this is such an underrated video, literally only 56K views in 2yrs there is no other video that explains this concept so clearly

@keshavsinghtomar9962 Год назад

Because people are studying in English medium school but they didn't know how to understand quickly

@tashharris2313 6 месяцев назад

I 100% agree!! I nearly skipped but he caught my attention with his beautiful handwriting and then I was hooked and now have an understanding of how short circuit works! Thank you

@oofsper 6 месяцев назад

IKR!!!

@_csk2587 3 года назад

Exactly dealing the point without doing this that and this is the way a Student wants to learn Excellent 👌

@KIP_KnowledgeIsPower 2 года назад

This is by far the best video I’ve come across explaining these things. Very easy to understand for people like me who know nothing about this & also great for people who know a bit already. I love the diagrams ect as you go, absolutely outstanding. Thank you!!!!

@tabangatluak8339 Год назад

The excitement I have when watching your videos 😄 am addicted, I don't know what kind of teacher I will be because of you 😁. Thanks so much for this 🙏

@yusrakounain560 Год назад

Overload is when excessive amount of current is drawn by our device which is out of the capacity of our device due to which insulation cover broke which can even cause shock to the user and may also cause fire. Overload happens Due to high strike in voltage Too much current Short circuit Too many devices are connected Or some faulty devices are connected Short circuit happens when live and neutral wire stick together due to brokage of insulation cover and a large flow of current happens is known as Short circuit Fuse protects our device from shortcircuiting and overloading

@rahuldangadhavi8524 Год назад

Thank u 💓

@beautifulbutterfly6204 10 месяцев назад

Ty, it was kinda helpful

@panagiotiskevopoulos Год назад

Flawlessly explained and presented! Thanks for not overlooking any causes!

@patrickjacobsen7805 3 года назад

Thank you sir.

@salinik5840 Год назад

Literally i am addicted to your videos,what an explanation mahn👏👏

@ujjawalkennedy8850 3 года назад

Exactly what I needed..loved it

@Ajayyadav-331 3 года назад

Understood sir..I watched many videos on short circuit but I understood only yours.

@priyankaags9841 2 года назад

Thank you so much. This will surely help to rock my test. I recommend everyone to watch this video!!

@batukog8660 10 месяцев назад

Yes it will because this man make science so easy to understand 😄

@shubhamupman7260 2 года назад

Great explanation sir!! 👌👌

@maitryparekh1627 2 года назад

Perfectly expialned👍👍

@Mathsloverani 10 месяцев назад

I was confused between short circuit and overload you gave me clarity. Love you and thank you sir ❤❤❤❤

@letsmakeiteasy3161 Год назад

Outstanding!

@_Prathikz_ 2 года назад

Thank u sir it is very easy for my exam🙏

@bhumikajoshi5859 9 месяцев назад

Such a amazing explanation then my school teachers meanwhile my teachers telling that in our house we have series circuit not the parallel ones😂😂😂 ❤❤❤

@Wtungsten 8 месяцев назад

1.Overload occurs when the current drawn by the wire is more than that of its capacity.it causes fires 2. When voltage increases, thunderstorm etc. 3.Shot circuit is when current travels along an unintended path of low resistance. Happens when insulation of live and neutral wires break 4.Safety fuse and circuit breaker

@Ram-ie7vo 2 года назад

Very nice

@mjt4042 Год назад

You saved our discussion, thanks bro

@akshataaher844 Год назад

Very nicely explained sir.

@mohdishaq9250 2 года назад

Nice

@minijose5159 7 месяцев назад

Sir thank you teaching physics in a nice way through this video I have understood the concept of ch 13

@nikhildwivedi9378 3 года назад

Awesome

@ark9788 3 года назад

I once connected the live wire and the neutral wire by connecting an external wire between the live socket and neutral socket on switch board and power went out. I was really dumb to do that. Realised now that I actually did a short circuit.

@IzeDesu 4 месяца назад

LOL

@manjeetmalhotra4606 3 года назад

Thanks a lot sir!

@blackfentom...9337 2 года назад

Hii brow you are cool

@SumitSharma-xk1bz 3 года назад

Brilliant explanation

@Nriteshverma8706 3 года назад

Thanks sir

@hugimelo Год назад

Awesome video...thx

@studygmail100 3 года назад

amzing

@talhashahid484 4 года назад

Sir! Can you make a video on EMF and Voltage in detail?

@QuoraWorld 3 года назад

Both are same

@suryaadhikari7493 3 года назад

Sir, how much minimum resistance required to avoid short circuit in AC&DC

@QuoraWorld 3 года назад

It depends on electrical appliances... For example if you use electric iron which drawn 15amp current then we will use 15 amp of fuse.... Fuse depends on electrical applianxes

@papillonbougie7080 Год назад

i do apology ur right the more u put loeads the more the current flows

@user-zm6kj7oi3d 3 года назад

Thanks

@SpiritofPluto 4 года назад

Super! Thank you, sir!

@bazokazoro4563 Год назад

Sir , isn’t practical installing fuse in the neutral wire?

@haripriyadebnath7969 Год назад

Thankyousomuch sir!

@pinkflower88 Год назад

Answers to the question: 1. Too much current flowing in the circuit. It is bad because it can cause insulation to melt and can also cause fire. 2. The three ways by which overload can happen: (i) Too much of voltage in the current (ii) Too many devices connected to the circuit (iii) short-circuit 3. Short-circuit happens when the current in a circuit happens to take a shorter and a lesser resistant path. e.g., (i) when a live wire touches a neutral wire (ii) when the circuit is surrounded by water (Extra {what it can cause}: short circuit can allow a huge amount of current to flow though it, as there is much lesser resist and can use burns or melts in the devices.) 4. Insulation protects the circuit. Feel free to correct me if I'm wrong.

@michaelferto6588 2 года назад

.......I am just figuring this out more in writing, from what you said and my electrical experiences...... Hmm, to much electrical current on the wire, can heat it up, but the fuse or breaker stops this, by stopping the flow of electricity..... To many devices would draw maximum electricity for the wire fuse or breaker, and electricity would stop when the fuse or breaker shuts off......The short circuit would place to much electricity directly on the wire, and/or indirectly interfere with other aspects of a device, and cause the fuse or breaker to put the brakes on and trip off the flow of electricity....

@kolimazumder349 3 года назад

It helped a lot sir 🙏

@sagotasarkar1258 Год назад

You have a beautiful voice

@smtusharibnesalam2089 10 месяцев назад

Is there part 4 or further of this series

@rockstarvictorvs8187 3 года назад

Sir can we touch neutral wire without any socked

@The_sazia 3 года назад

yes If you are already neutral

@QuoraWorld 3 года назад

Yes we can touch neutral bcs neutral has 0v

@tulsigupta5427 2 года назад

Yes. But its advisable not to, cus the voltage is not exactly 0

@uglpkhtv3058 Год назад

hi sir, what is low over load current

@rohitnagwal4177 4 года назад

Sir , heat =I^2RT, also wire provides zero resistance , therefore there should be zero heat produced in the wire although current can much much higher

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

Hey Rohit, Resistance is taken as 0 but it's not really 0. To be precise, it is so low that it is negligible. If you have an extremely large current, then heat will also be extremely large. And since we are talking about parallel connections, the formula we use will be H=V²t/r[because V is constant in parallel connections]. You can see that the heat produced will be extremely large. Hope that helped.

@chundrusatyanarayana3161 10 месяцев назад

V=I x R ....according to this equation if value of resistance is zero incase of short circuit then current becomes infinite.

@kevinjinu6135 Год назад

sir, why your energy in this video is not as high as the previous videos??

@user-mz6ur9re5j Год назад

👍👍👍🌹🌹🌹

@syedzamanmehdi2855 2 года назад

Why short circuit is low resistance path

@soup4241 5 месяцев назад

thankyouu

@dingalarm 2 года назад

Since a fuse has a high resistance (1:35), doesn't this create a problem, as there will be a voltage drop in the circuit ?

@preraj175 2 года назад

It breaks within a second . So no

@dingalarm 2 года назад

@@preraj175 Of course the fuse breaks if the current is too high, but I was referring to the high resistance (and corresponding voltage drop) of the fuse when the circuit is functioning normally.

@josecarlosferreira4942 Год назад

The fuse resistance is high compared to the wire resistance. However, the voltage drop in the fuse is very low compared to 220 V.

@dingalarm Год назад

@@josecarlosferreira4942 Thanks! 🙂

@ramumudhiraj1561 3 месяца назад

😮

@ramumudhiraj1561 3 месяца назад

Wow

@abhishantkrsingh4481 Год назад

Tbh, English version is better than the other one

@tezraktimkashyap1213 4 года назад

i am missing ram sir😟😞😞

@shashanksaurav4922 3 года назад

ram ram

@mahadevprasanth1697 2 года назад

Mahesh Sir is really great too

@kuchhtohai1518 7 месяцев назад

I think he is ram sir, speaking in English

@vivekgupta3692 4 месяца назад

@@kuchhtohai1518 No, he is Mahesh Shenoy Sir❤

@rohitnagwal4177 4 года назад

Sir, you forget to answer that "why fuse is connected to live wire"

@jayeshdeshmukh9624 4 года назад

It is because as most of current flows from the live wire

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

That is because current flow starts through live wire and then comes back through neutral wire. Logically, we want to save the appliance and therefore we place the fuse, which is basically a limit setter for current flow, in series with live wire so excess current does not reach the appliance. Hope that helped :)

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

@@jayeshdeshmukh9624 This statement is a scathing indictment of the Indian schooling system.

@ananyamishra00 3 года назад

How do we know there is low resistance path inside the insukated wire

@Hino_55 4 года назад

Sir, why is it that overload happens when you occupy all the sockets in an extender? Extenders do have a rating right? Like when it specifies a certain Amperage it is only limited to that Ampere rating. For example, an extender with 4 sockets (rated at 10A), can only provide a maximum current draw of 2.5A on each socket. Hence, devices requiring higher current draw more than 2.5A should not work properly instead of being damaged since over current cannot happen because of the Amperage rating of the extender? Maybe for extenders without Amperage rating can overload happen? Ty sir Mahesh for the awesome explanation :)

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

See... The rating on any device, an extender or even a fridge specifies the max voltage on which it can work at full effeciency. It does not mean that if you increase voltage, excess current won't flow. So if a device is rated 220V 100W, then it can work properly till the current is 0.45 A. [R=488 ohm] However if we increase voltage to let's say 230V, I=0.47 A. This exceeds the capacity of device which is 0.45 A. This causes overloading and harms device if earthing wire is absent. NOTE: Values of current, resistance,etc. are taken as an approximate Hope that helped

@Hino_55 3 года назад

@@shreyjaiswal5250 Correct me if I'm wrong, my understanding now is an extender rated for 10A can only provide a maximum of 10A. Like for example, if device A is plugged into one of the sockets of a 4-socket extender, and it draws 7.5Amps of current, then the remaining 3 sockets can only handle 2.5Amps total of current draw. Meaning, we can't plug in another device/s which tally to more than 2.5Amps of draw. Am I correct Ma'am/Sir Shrey?

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

@@Hino_55 Hey Jd, The rating given to devices shows that they will operate at max efficiency till that point. Like a 10 A extender will be performing at its max capacity when 10 A flows through it. But this does not imply that current>10 A won't be allowed to flow through it. Let us assume there is no fuse preventing excess flow into the extender and there is a voltage increase so that an I of 20 A starts to flow via the extender. This will lead to overloading and the device and wires may burn due to excess heat being produced[Joule's law of heating]. So in conclusion, the extender will get damaged if the voltage or current exceeds the amount specified in its rating. Further clarification, let us assume that the extender is a tube light with the same rating, then when I=10 A light is brightest; when I10 A, the tube light gets damaged. Hope that helped.

@Hino_55 3 года назад

@@shreyjaiswal5250 Thanks Shrey, this comment was 5 months old, I appreciate you taking the time to reply. Cheers mate!

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

@@Hino_55 Always a pleasure to help mate :)

@tirthapaul7979 4 года назад

Why the resistance of the path becomes too low when a naked live wire toches the naked neutral wire??

@shreyjaiswal5250 3 года назад

You can imagine it like this: if one end of 2 wires is connected to a battery in a simple circuit and the other end to a bulb, current flows and the bulb lights up in normal conditions. This is because there is 1 path through which current can flow. In parallel circuits current is divided in ratio 1/R. This implies that more current flows through smaller resistance device. You can interpret this as current tends to flow along least resistance path. Now when insulation is damaged and wires come in contact, their resistance is extremely low as they are behaving somewhat as a single wire only at the point of contact. Current prefers this path instead of the comparatively higher path across the bulb and therefore a large amount of current flows through the wires back to the battery. This goes on and by Joules law of heating, such high current leads to great amount of heat and this leads to sparks and wires melting. This damages the whole circuit. That is why we use fuses and earthing wires. Fuses prevent excess current to flow through circuit by breaking it and earthing wires prevent electric shock to humans if they touch metallic body of device in case of current leakage. Hope that helped.

@meaw-6970 Год назад

I am looking for this Same question 🤣🤣

@rohitnagwal4177 4 года назад

Thanks sir , for the video

@shanusevenster2726 Год назад

Answer 1, An overload is an increase current due to voltage (current is directly proportional to voltage) with low resistance causing the wire to overheat, giving a class C electrical fire, which is why its bad. Answer 2, Either there was a voltage spike in the AC or too much electrical device draws current. Answer 3, Is an interruption in the circuit by another conductor with even lower resistance compare to other loads, that can completes a quicker path back to the power source. Answer 4, Fuses or circuit breakers

@meaw-6970 Год назад

I am sorry but I think you have written wrong in 1st question it would be *with high resistance Because of there would be a low resistance the current will flow easily and damage our appliences!

@shanusevenster2726 Год назад

@@meaw-6970 Thank you for making me do deeper research, I now see heat is generated due to the resistivity of conductors not current. Cause heat is the dissipation of energy from the resistors.

@servantoftheexpander9688 Год назад

There are two problems in a circuit. 1.Overloading 2. Short-circuit. >Overloading Definition:- Too much current. Causes: attaching to many devices. And short circuit. Why is it a problem A) It can melt insulation. B) In worst cases, the wires may even catch fire. Cure? Our little hero- Electrical fuse. It is present on the live wire. If current exceeds its limit; it melts and breaks the circuit. No flow of current. > Short circuit- circuit became short ( low resistance path) When live wire and neutral wire get too touchy. They make a new path- a path with low resistance. And lower the resistance; more the current. Then zzzzzzzz. Overloading.