For the TOE, the confusing bit is where do you measure PISA for MV and for AV. Sorry if it s a silly question buy I m a beginner and struggled to find clear data
Yes absolutely. The views in TOE are different from the transthoracic echo... but the settings are the same. It does not matter if the LV is at the top of the screen or at the bottom. Always the top number from the colour scale should be around 80 (LV side) and always the botton number of the colour scale should be around 30-40 (LA side).
Hi lady! Than so much for the videos. Your channel is really helpful 🙏. I have a question and maybe looks silly but, I'm studying PISA and I have like 3 formulas. I understood WITH YOU how ans where to measure, but I didn't see you using any formulas. 2II(PISAr)^2 x Aliasing Velocity = EROA × pk EROA = 2II(PISAr)^2 x Aliasing Velocity/ MR pk VOLUME = AREA X VTI REGURGITATION VOLUME = EROA X MR VTI My instructors don't explain that. They just gave us the material and assumed that we know that 🤦🏼♀️. Maybe the machine does everything? Why the formulas???? Thank in advance 🙏
Hello! Thank you! Yes the machine does all the calculations for you, you just have to add the necessary measurement. Now from the formulas you gave me you can get different values in order to assess mitral regurgitation and all the measurements needs PISA first. So PISA is just the radius of the hemisphere as I explained in the video and how to measure PISA. The rest of the formulas are to measure different stuffs (however you need to have PISA value in order to get the rest). EROA is the effective regurgitation orifice area and is another method for the assessment of MR and you need PISA to get this area. The next formula is the regurgitant fraction formula and the last one is the regurgitation volume. So in summary, you need to calculate PISA in order to calculate the rest, but every single one is a different method of MR assessment, so if you need to assess MR you need more than one measurement and you can calculate PISA (cm), EROA (cm2), Regurgitant fraction (%) and regurgitant volume (ml).
Hi, at 6:37 you talk about the valve assessment recommendations and the estimation of the severity of valvular regurgitation recommendations. Can you please reference these?
It's tricky, if you can get a good jet you could measure both but you could measure at least 3 and get an average just to be sure and always assess the regurgitation with other methods.
