Place and Manner of Articulation in Urdu/Hindi| Articulatory Phonetics| Speech Organs| Speech Sounds 

☑What is Place of articulation?
place of articulation refers to where the sound is made in the mouth.
It is also called point of articulation.
☑What is Manner of Articulation?
it refers to how the speech organs affect the puff of air or airstream.
It is degree of obstruction.
There are seven places of articulation.
➡Bilabial - When the two lips come closer
For instance, sounds like /m/ (Mom) or /p/ (Pop)
➡Labiodentals - When the top teeth connect with the bottom lip, in sounds like /f/ (Fit) and /v/ (Vine)
➡Dental - when the tip of the tongue touches the back of upper teeth, in sounds like /θ/ (Thick) or /ð/ (Then)
➡Alveolar - Sounds produced when the tongue tip touches the area behind top teeth, in sounds like /t/ (Top) or /z/ (Zap)
➡Palatal - Sounds produced when the tongue blade (the part right behind the tip) or body touches the roof of the mouth (or the hard palate), in sounds like /ʃ/ (Shop) or /dʒ/ (Gym).
➡Velar - sounds produced when the tongue body (middle part of tongue) touches the back of the mouth’s roof (or the soft palate), in sounds like /g/ (Gap) or /ŋ/ (Sing).
➡Glottal - These are the sounds produced without articulators, but produced by air passing from the windpipe through the vocal cords, in the sound /h/ (Hi).
☑Manner of Articulation
it refers to how the sound is made. In NAE, there are six manners of articulation:
➡Stops - also called plosives
When the airflow is stopped or blocked completely before being released.
/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/ etc.
➡Fricatives - Air is restricted by a narrow passage formed by various parts of the mouth and tongue, but is not completely stopped.
/f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/
➡Affricate - These sounds are made through the combination of a stop and a fricative. First, air pressure is built up, like in a stop, but rather than exploding out, the air flows through a narrow passage, like a fricative.
/tʃ/ /dʒ/
➡Nasals - These sounds occur when the oral passage is closed and the air flows through the nasal cavity instead.
/ŋ/ , /n/ , /m/
➡Approximants - The gldes and liquids are approximants. The airflow moves relatively freely around the tongue.
liquids - /l/ /r/ /ɫ/
Glides - /w/ /y/
Further Relevent Links ☑
◾Contributiins of Saussure to Modern Linguistics
• Langue & Parole| Sign ...
◾Language Origin Theories
• Language Origin Theori...
◾Phone Phonemes and Allophones
• PHONE| PHONEME| ALLOPH...
◾Syntax
• Syntax| Definition and...
◾Place and Manner of Articulation
• Place of Articulation|...
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