Polarized Light Explained + Experiments

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I discuss and experiment with polarizers and polarized light. First though, I try to explain light itself, and the basic equations that govern its behavior. Some of this is down to my own interpretation, so please feel free to discuss and debate in the comments.
=SUPPLIES=
Polarizing Film Sheet - set of 10: www.amazon.com/gp/product/B004...
Tiffen 77mm Circular Polarizer: www.amazon.com/gp/product/B000...
I think the plastic wrap was Gladwrap, but I don't think that matters.
=IMAGES=
"Sphere wireframe" licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ima...
"View of paddy fields from Bojjannakonda hilllock, Sankaram" by Adityamadhav83 - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Double-slit". Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Double-slit experiment results Tanamura 2" by user:Belsazar - Provided with kind permission of Dr. Tonomura. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Electromagnetic wave" by P.wormer - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Ray optics diagram incidence reflection and refraction" by Nilock - Own work. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Brewster window" by ChrisHodgesUK - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Brewster cigar box" by Chasles Stutz Co., New York - [2]. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Wire-grid-polarizer". Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Circular.Polarization.Circularly.Polarized.Light Homogenous Circular.Polarizer Left.Handed" by Dave3457 - Own work. Licensed under Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
"Rising circular" by de:Benutzer:Averse - www.radartutorial.eu/06.antenn... via de.wikipedia.org. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons - commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fil...
Some images used without attribution in the public domain. www.pixabay.com openclipart.org
Plots generated with www.fooplot.com
=MUSIC=
"Mell's Parade" by Broke for Free / CC BY 3.0
"The Theatrical Poster for Poltergeist III" by Chris Zabriskie / CC BY 4.0
"Day Bird" by Broke for Free / CC BY 3.0
"My Luck" by Broke for Free / CC BY 3.0

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Опубликовано:

13 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 323

@91722854 7 лет назад

ur video is not just physics, but mentally soothing

@haudace 8 лет назад

blows my mind that people are even able to figure this out.

@rckli 2 года назад

Methodological naturalism

@JoelArdenAlexander 8 лет назад

I'm a phone tech, and change polarizing film on lcds regularly.... I don't have a strong physics or science background but you do an excellent job of both explaining and entertaining. Thanks again.

@maxartone1 8 лет назад

you are an wonderful presenter.

@bettercalljohnny637 4 года назад

i seen a lot of videos on RU-vid and i think that was the best vid explaining such a difficult subject that I've ever scene. next to the animated series physics videos by eugene but yours didn't put me to sleep

@edwinacaparelli9911 3 года назад

I agree. very well presented.

@scottdurgin9895 Год назад

Nice video, weird and fantastic this is still new information 30 years after 👍👍. In 1992 my physics project (6th year) involved the design and invention of a hand held optical polarimeter. Had to build it too. Captured my fascination deeply. The rotational dependence of your 3rd filter on color pertains to the relationship its thickness has on light wavelength. A. If the thickness is just right such that multiple odd quarter wavelengths of light (λ/4, 3λ/4, 5λ/4, etc) fit between its faces, then that light will pass through. Multiple half wavelengths will cancel. B. Remember that a quarter wave (λ/4) is also 90° which determines how circular polarization manifests. Rotating a third polarizer in between two others (a linear polarizer and an analyzer) will also change the transmitted color. The trick is to first begin with linearly polarized light. Instead of using cellophane tape an excellent multiple quarter-wavelength polarizer (near yellow light) can be found using scotch tape. Thicknesses is around 2.3 mil or 2300 nm which is happily about four wavelengths at yellow. You will also notice that the diatomic molecules in the upper atmosphere are linearly polarized (in blue) when looking toward the north sky. Works very well when the sun is near meridian (south in the northern hemisphere, so about noon) such that the light experiences a 90° reflection upon traveling to your eyes. So the sun is at your back while you're looking toward the north and the upward angle of view is dependent on your latitude. Not sure where the angle of maximum linear polarization occurs but it likely has something to do with Brewsters angle. 🙂🙂

@TGKNileppez 8 лет назад

I saw a video that talked about circular polarized light, and had no idea what that was. Thanks for breaking it down in a way I can understand! Hope to see more vids!!

@1jackset1 8 лет назад

You definitely deserve more subs! Thanks for the great video, passionated and easy to understand while it covers the topic and explains it well. You have earned one more sub

@TheWinWinWorld Год назад

One of the best science episodes on youtube, ever!!! thanks Eric. You made my day. Love&light!

@SriHarshaChilakapati 2 года назад

If only you were my physics professor, I might actually loved the subject back in college itself. Awesome explanation man!

@Russeljrjs Год назад

This is actually the best video explaining polarizers on youtube.

@sophiahoffman7412 4 года назад

I was studying mantis shrimp and didn't understand anything about the polarized light and when I looked at RU-vid you were the first to pop up. Thanks for the help!

@nathanielvalbuena6100 7 лет назад

This very helpful and entertaining at the same time. We need more people like you! Thanks

@yoRigelElRigel 2 года назад

Thank you so much. I know nothing about physics, yet you make this so easy to get. Keep it coming!

@Lagatitavlogs 4 года назад

Heyyy, your video and explanation should have more views^^ I loved it, specially because it inspired me to make design ideas for my Thesis 🤩

@win2kpioneer 8 лет назад

You are changing the perceived wavelengths of light when you spin the polarizers and that is why you see the colors changing.

@uRealReels 3 года назад

how, polarizers only change orientation,,, i wonder if it has to do with a time effect, like fermats principle of least time

@bryanfuentes1452 3 года назад

This is so wrong. Polarizers are not capable of changing the wavelengths of EM waves and no color change is happening. As the polarizer is being rotated, some components of waves are being filtered by the polarizer (that's why also called polarizing filter), and therefore reducing the intensity of surface reflected light as it pass through the polarizer.

@uRealReels 3 года назад

@@bryanfuentes1452 it just changes the angular orientation, no?

@zodkip3147 Год назад

@@bryanfuentes1452 he never said that the polarizer was changing the wavelength... He just said that it is canceling out the other wavelengths of light and thus polarizing.

@PullMyFocus 6 лет назад

Hey Eric, great video. We just referenced it in our video on removing reflections. Instead of going into the details and a deep dive of how polarizers work for video, we just said hey, go watch Eric's awesome explanation.

@andrewsneacker1256 2 года назад

Thats bad. Cause there is more simple and at the same time more wide explanation of polarized light on youtube.

@MattSeremet 3 года назад

Ha I was just looking at those polarizing films before I came here. Noticed the size, the quality, and thought "sounds like the ones." Great video!

@iSchmidty13 3 года назад

I watched the Minute Physics video on this subject like 10 times but it just made no sense Your video is so good! Offering an intuitive explanation of whats actually happening, instead of just leaving it at "unexplainable quantum effects that break the laws of the universe"

@jeanmarieleone6741 3 года назад

Tis is the best explanation video I have ever watched on you tube. Are you a Professor? Well done you. Thank you with deep gratitude and appreciation. Excellent presentation.

@aakashdewangan7313 2 года назад

this channel is underrated. U should have more subscribers. Keep doing good job. All the best

@latinoncal2003 4 года назад

Just a brilliant, and entertaining presentation on a subject that students have issues with. Thank you!

@bettercalljohnny637 4 года назад

and apperently im not the only one that thinks that. you got something good working for you mister. i hope you all the best

@EricMickelsen 9 лет назад

Lately I started wondering about polarized light. So I did a little research and a few experiments.

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

+vril ya Yes, they are exactly 90 degrees out of phase.

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

***** I hope they aren't. Do you have an example?

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

It's generally easier to think about just electrical potential if you can. The magnetic component is equal to the rate of change in the electrical component.

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

Well, non-polarized or incoherent or broad spectrum light is really hard to depict. It has quantum mechanical weirdness. The relationship between the e and m components is well defined, but hard to visualize unless you simplify to polarized, coherent light, single-wavelength light. Except for lasers, light is generally not even in a particular phase in the first place.

@farmerbold1144 6 лет назад

@Eric Mickelsen. Excellent video and very instructive. Thank you.

@almahmudtaha7641 2 года назад

This was a very fun way to look at this, it was awesome

@jessicanp10 8 лет назад

This is a great explanation - thank-you for posting! :)

@skytek88 2 года назад

Amazing my brain just waking up with your explaination

@kirkhamandy 7 лет назад

A very good and simple explanation for something that's a pretty complex subject :)

@WhatsACreel 4 года назад

This was amazing and you're a legend!!

@vgfxworks 4 года назад

very well done and explained.. this channel should have far more subscribers!

@BkuBrown Год назад

"Im not a physicist" but I can tell your a mathematician and a good teacher

@JoelArdenAlexander 8 лет назад

Wow, I actually understood that! Thank you, and awesome video!!

@TheTrumanZoo Год назад

if we stacked enough translucent polarization layers to form a cube, could we theoretically not precisely create the location in 3D space, for a photon to light up, e.g. a volumetric display? if you stopped or polarized the light in the middle of the cube, and then used the light blocking property of the now electrically visible screen there, to light up there locally in the middle of the cube, and had enough images to fool the eye of course.

@RyanZehm 5 лет назад

Brilliant video, thanks Eric!

@buckrogers5331 6 лет назад

Gosh, your video helped me understand quite a few things about light. I've been on a quest to understand more about quantum mechanics and entanglement and they brought me here. Hey, make more videos! ;-)

@03233356272 4 года назад

You will get color effects whenever different wavelengths are affected differently. You found that rotating the polarizer changed the color of light passing through the glasses. That means that the light emitted by the source is polarized differently for different wavelength ranges.

@knexpert1700 8 лет назад

At the end of the video reminds me of the reflections on my GShock Aviator watch. If I hold the reflection just right, I can turn my hand and it will change color like that.

@kimbayer7020 7 лет назад

Here's another neat trick that I discovered after watching this video: 1. Put on a pair of 3D Glasses. 2. Look at your phone. (It might help to turn your screen timeout to 1min or more. Also, I looked at mine when there was no other light in the room.) 3. Rotate your phone. You should be able to see different shades of color. (Also, the glasses I used were for an IMAX 3D movie.) 4. Try closing one eye at a time while rotating your phone. (I discovered that the left lense blocked most of the light while my phone was horizontal; while the right lense blocked out most of the light while my phone was vertical.) POLARIZATION!

@tjtube263 6 лет назад

Kim Bayer that's right. The lenses are circularly polarized, in opposite directions.

@tranhau165 3 года назад

Because it combines 2 difference image to 3D

@farmerbold1144 6 лет назад

@Eric Mickelsen. Excellent video and very instructive. Thank you.

@markstipulkoski1389 10 месяцев назад

Circular polarizes twist the polarization angle depending on its wavelength. If you start out with linear polarized white light and pass it through a circular polarizer, each color (wavelength) will exit at a different polarization angle. Now use a another linear polarizer after that to dial in the color you want to pass. I think this is done on stage lights instead of color filters and permits smooth transitions from one color to another.

@LunaNympha 9 лет назад

Thanks for this video! Do you have any insight of what is going on with the polarizing filters in the end of your video? Any sources that could be of some use?

@EricMickelsen 9 лет назад

LunaNympha I honestly don't have any sources for that, but if you found one, I would love to read it!

@mktwatcher 8 лет назад

Please use this to talk about the famous slit experiment about Quantum Mechanics. I would like to hear your perspective of how light changes its behavior depending on whether you're observing it or not. TY.

@AndreanoCelentano 8 лет назад

Thank you very much for the video. Very good explanation. Please do more!

@mouhamedoualla2893 5 лет назад

Your Photo is so wonderful and give me dreams.I feel that I had meet you before ❤

@gautammure 7 лет назад

sweet! i think the aforementioned principle is used to modulate the warmth in the picture. or the scenery choice.

@edwardgraber4910 5 лет назад

The color separation change with the angle of the 3rd polarizer. One of the 3 is a circular polarizer filter? Since these filters introduce a delay of a quarter wavelength, and the speed change in transparent material with wavelength, .... Am I getting close to the answer?

@electromummyfied1538 7 лет назад

that was a great question right at the end. i'm a physics student but have no clue about the colors changing due to respective angle of the polarizer.

@electromummyfied1538 7 лет назад

Ok. i seem to have an idea. maybe is due to the way the lighting is set up. somehow the white light reflecting off of the white background is polarized in a way where each light color is polarized at different angles so that when the polarizer is rotated it only lets that specific wavelength go through. the more interesting question would be what is polarizing the light in that specific pattern. is it the light bulb itself or some material that is reflecting it. in either case the polarization is wavelength bias.

@rogerharsh 4 года назад

Best physics teaching with practical

@fatemef8650 3 года назад

I study B.S physics and you sure know a lot more than I do! Thanks

@tonyhickey8849 8 лет назад

Excellent explanation, really helpful

@jeffanderson5396 Год назад

I would like to see the colourful filter rotated to cover the entire camera lens view while filming something. I would like to see the effect of moving through the rainbow filter for the entire screen. You may have a very cool video effect there when expanded to full screen.

@opium12345opium 5 лет назад

Hi, I have a problem with my LCD display. The display was monochrome. After removing the polarizing film and rotating it by 90 degrees, the colors have changed. The black has changed to white and white to black. After removing the next filter (transparent, which was under the polarizing filter) and re-applying the polarizing filter, the colors change - yellow, purple, green ..... and I can not use black. I am asking for a hint of what's stuck under the polarizing filter, what should I look for to "fix" my display. On my channel there are videos that show the problem :( Thank you in advance for a thank you.

@LukasHanc 4 года назад

nice video using this for help for my physics class

@sanjuansteve 3 года назад

Can all of the wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum be polarized? Thanks

@MurphyIsMyLastName 7 лет назад

Great video! Thank you for the explanation.

@patrickdunstan4216 7 лет назад

Really great video! I enjoyed watching

@prestoneditz5973 2 года назад

Homeschoolers here!! Great video for basic understanding of polarization for my grade 5 and grade 7 boys. Well done!! You may want to reach out to homeschool companies and put together a video series. God Bless

@vaishnavkumars9261 8 лет назад

good job!!! really innovative project.. pls do more of it

@phylumsi8372 2 года назад

The Universe works in pairs (dualism) and circulair motion (half circle is a wave. A circle is the most efficient way for Energy). With a circle it doesn’t matter at which position it begins. It will always be the fastest path from point A to point B. (brachistochrone curve)

@laelahshroff66 9 лет назад

Hey +Eric Mickelsen ! I was wondering if the lights of different wavelengths undergo polarization differently (as in the case of difference in refractive index from red to blue thereby different polarizing angles), that might be the reason for obtaining single color only for a certain configuration at the end of the vid. I am really intrigued by polarization, and your video was cool!

@mktwatcher 8 лет назад

Excellent video on many levels.

@gautumsubhash4098 7 лет назад

superb video!!! Great work!!

@jawn6955 2 года назад

this is very, very good. thank you for sharing your intellectual journey to aid mine! (and ours)

@risharodrigues6525 7 лет назад

great video..my physics teacher showed it in the class.

@jeffanderson5396 Год назад

Does a circular polarized guitar string sound different than linear? Maybe this is a way to make a unique sound. Or maybe this is what violinists are doing with their strings as they change the angle of their strokes? Or maybe it doesn't sound different at all? Do musicians know?

@scottdurgin9895 Год назад

Second follow up. It's possible the reason why experimental and secret aircraft (mistaken for alien UFOs ) are suddenly visible with certain cameras is due to the effects of polarimetry.

@icarra8953 8 лет назад

about the last experiment, the wavelight varies accord to the angle of inclination with the secondary filter, more open is more wavelenghts passing through (all the range between 800-400nm as example), the less is the angle the less is the wavelenght allowed to pass (420-400nm as example). Please correct me if i'm wrong

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

+ignacio carrasco I think you're on the right track.

@danilostahl8178 Год назад

I wanna know how u actually make the lense polarized like How could u make it yourself

@maryammuskan6356 7 лет назад

Can you tell that how the polarized light is related to transverse wave?

@skytek88 2 года назад

Please make more video about anything thank you!

@CarlosSandoval-gf9xx 2 месяца назад

I need help figuring out the proper way to reinstall the film in my home projector

@in2infinitygeometry Год назад

Hi there. There is an interesting yet little known about model of light that explains the nature of impossible colours. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_color The two light waves are thus organised through the nature of the musical octave (1/2) and musical 5th (3/2). I think what you have stumbled upon is explained by this nature. Great video by the way.

@clarkkent1238 6 лет назад

Awesome ....i hve cleared the topic ....its really nice....thanks ser

@yusufadedeji9041 7 лет назад

this isvery informative as well educative

@sabarirajas 6 лет назад

I like this video very much, thanks for educating me :)

@eshanpandey4656 6 лет назад

great effort really enjoyed it

@rustyosgood5667 2 года назад

I am not an "expert" but here is my guess: The linear polarizer is simply refracting light from the full spectra along a single axis. Ambient light is is all colors/wavelengths. As you rotate the polarizer is is polarizing different wavelengths based on their phase angle.

@m.c.4674 2 года назад

different frequency light gets bent by different amounts , turning the filter changes the incident angle and thus changes which light is reflected or refracted . probably more to it .

@vaishnavichandilkar9064 2 года назад

The different colors we can see because it passes only one wavelength of light and blocks all other!!!? May be color depends on which type of polariser is it, as the experiment shown here in oven?

@user-tu9ox4hj9g 8 лет назад

I think you cannot see the colors because the light is bouncing off the squares as the spectrum traveling into the camera, while the light that passes through is not and travels to your eye. Two sources of input in different locations.

@ashwatthama99 8 лет назад

how does it works with 3d polorised glasses and is one glass different from other....

@tjtube263 6 лет назад

Shubham Patil the lenses in most modern 3D glasses are out of phase.

@GermanBriones 7 лет назад

This video was amazing!

@Aerros 9 лет назад

To answer the final question, one really needs to think about the standard model of light in the first place. If anyone's interested in adding to this discussion...: physics.stackexchange.com/questions/195941/concerning-the-dark-bands-in-the-light-wave-interference-pattern ...then, please do so. It asks basically "is light really a transverse (up/down) wave?" while providing evidence for the contrary.

@alvinmephyrnairyntathiang 4 года назад

Very Good Explanation

@tiagodias7754 2 года назад

YES!! FINALLY!! THANK YOU!!

@robotcop7679 5 лет назад

Can we DIY polarized lenses?

@vagelosb7588 4 года назад

the dielectric constant change with the frequency this is why you are able to filter the white light, i guess

@marknunes8444 6 лет назад

Maybe what happens is that the nearest electron gets the "signal" and once that happens what we see as light is just the fields updating. But the electron has already got the signal.

@cosmasmulenga9625 7 лет назад

I literally understood. thank you Eric

@sanjuansteve 6 лет назад

I think particles like photons are in orbit likely with dark matter particles giving them an apparent axial wave as travel, or an apparent helical wave (circular polarization), depending on the orientation of the orbit. And I think light has the ability to travel faster, it's the dark matter interaction that's the limiting factor.

@EricMickelsen 6 лет назад

+sanjuansteve Anything a photon orbits is a black hole, and if light interacted with dark matter, it wouldn't be dark.

@nargisbano7548 7 лет назад

I think the wave length is changing by turning the linier polarizer .

@duken3767 5 лет назад

I think your video is great, thank you.

@ThePapino134 8 лет назад

could polarisation be used to make windows that can block light or let it pass depending of the alignment of the materials?

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

+ThePapino134 certainly

@avada0 7 лет назад

***** You obviously pulled that out of the air. The simplest polarizers are just doped transparent plastic that are stretched. Anyway even 500 USD isn't that much for something which is supposed to be used for decades.

@avada0 7 лет назад

***** Oh yeah, the real issue is that you need to rotate them to continously change transparency, so you need circular windows.

@avada0 7 лет назад

(Huh, my first comment here was removed without a squeak. It didn't have anything objectionable in it. How "nice"...)

@kamathlaxminarayana301 7 лет назад

Can't remember if I saw it first on NextStep or Beyond2000 - yeah! back in those days.

@user-rn3lj7ep3z 7 лет назад

Thanks for great content!

@EloiUwU 8 лет назад

just happened that my guitar was right next to me. IT WORKS!

@dannywhite1259 8 лет назад

Hi! I'd like to see if I can find a way to filter laser light through glass. the end result would be to be able to see a red laser image on one side of the glass it's projected on but NOT see it on the other side. Is this possible? thanks! Danny

@EricMickelsen 8 лет назад

+danny white Definitely possible, but it might be tricky. I think the easiest way might be to put a polarizing filter on the glass. Otherwise, even if you completely polarize the light and hit the glass at Brewster's angle, some light will pass through.

@dannywhite1259 8 лет назад

+Eric Mickelsen it works! Red laser and green filter. filter not only stops the light, you can't see the laser fro the other side of the filter! Next question, how many laser colors are there and if there a corresponding filter for them? Theoretically there should be based on my findings?