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After 40+ yrs as an electrician, I am still amazed at the simplicity of the AC transformer, and how absolutely essential it is for electrical distribution and utilization. The transformer in the video will convert megawatts of energy every day all day for years. No moving parts; just the steady 50/60 cycle hum of building and collapsing magnetic fields.
They’re incredibly efficient, some can be as high as 99.8% efficient. The only moving parts are the on-load tap changes (OLTC) used to compensate voltage changes by adjusting the turns ratio.
@@mellowtag4875 Keeps the conductors bound tightly together. In reality, everything is vibrating at 50 or 60hz, it wouldn't take long for the insulation to wear through. Epoxy and Tape hold things tightly in place.
I'm 72 and been working with 3 phase stuff since I was 18....never get tired of videos about how all the power gets to the end user....nice sound....excellent video...!
I used to work in a factory that made these, including the big ones. They are made by hand. Every wrap of wire, every one of the thousands upon thousands of thin metal plates is placed by hand as shown in this video. It was incredible.
Back in the late 80s I was working as a Craftsman for a very large oil company (I won't name them) in a very large refinery. We needed a backup transformer for the refinery, so the engineering was done and the transformer was ordered. I think this one came from Germany. It took over a year for it to be built and shipped and it arrived on a special rail car. It was enormous and cost millions. It was installed and tested. It browned out the refinery on the first and every test that followed. The scuttlebutt was that our electrical engineers had missed on their calcs and undersized the transformer (that's why I didn't name the company). There was an effort to blame the single female electrical engineer in the group, but eventually they had to admit that it was a team effort and everybody had signed off on the design. No one got fired, but if we had problems with the main transformer we had a plan where certain units in the refinery had to be shut in or dialed back until we could regain full power. They are magnificent beasts (even the CTs) and if they're cared for properly, they can last for decades.
Mysterion, they may have had the same problem as I have encountered. I used to work for a large diesel engine dealer - we sold megawatt-sized generating plant to mining and mine site construction companies. One in a while we would get told that the genset would refuse to accept the load. On investigation it would turn out that they had (say) bought a 10 megawatt genset and connected it to a 10 MVA transformer to feed a few HV feeders. Sounds ok, but depending on how it was previously shut down, the starting inrush current into a transformer can be many times the rated continuous current.
У нас боя она лучше... Журнал на журнале, подпись на каждый чих. Всё по нормам ТБ И инженеры по ТБ Зато смертельные случаи каждый год почти на каждом предприятии. А эти непуганеые, т. К никому руки не отрывает
Если руки никуда не совать, то и работа встанет, специалист по охране труда ты наш! Ничего не нарушает только тот, кто ничего не делает!! Как достали тупые тбшники бу3воеды!
This things also blow up occationally. They are oil cooled. There is an oil purification system to remove moisture that tends to be absorbed by the oil in pockets. If the transformer is powered off and cools, that's when the danger can happen. (Personal experience) On pre-start up the oil is heated for a few days to drive out the moisture. However, sometimes pockets of moisture do not get removed and when power is applied...ka-boom! That's why there are thick reinforced concrete barriers around the transformer.
Amazing video! I knew there was a lot of technology and materials involved, but this video really brings home to complexity of these multi-million dollar cost devices! Should we experience another Carrington Event, those engineers will be in very high demand worldwide!
Carrington Event - People I knew involved in lightning arresters often rage at the omission of "their important role in protection against voltage spikes are not recognized" .. They seem to say that if the owners of these huge transformers would pay due respect to their profession, technology and contribution, to install adequate and proper protection, there is no reason to despair here .. They say that somewhere out there along the transmission lines will certainly face calamity, but for big ticket items like these transformers, proper voltage surge protection, followed by fast decoupling,s should have been carefully provided and not a reasonable concern. I don't know .. I only know that we have come to learn many voltage related failures .. and my friends would say, that is exactly it .. You see only the wrecked cars disasters on the highway, but thousands, or millions, cars driving by, you see nothing .. If only people could see how many disasters we have successfully saved .. Your thoughts ?
@@kingstonchi From what I can gather most major installations use Metal Oxide Varistor protection, which has the advantage of capping transients very quickly, especially lightning strike associated transients. The problem here is that such MOVs have a distinct "lifetime", and an external (Carrington-like) event may overwhelm such protection systems, both in terms of impulse characteristics, and induced currents. Transients arising from lightning termination to conductors tend to be pretty short-duration, whereas the Carrington Event was a much longer-duration "onslaught", and designing affordable protection systems to mitigate this would be difficult at least.
@@phils4634 Thanks for the response. Agree that blowing the arresters to bits will probably just get started .. not that itself matterd so much .. but that does not remove the malady from the system, and to the transformer, is really the issue. At medium voltage level, there are "quarter cycle fuses" to isolate quickly, but not at transmission voltages .. There had been talks about attaching, basically explosives to bus bars at isolation length and ignite them electronically to disengage quickly .. Never heard again ..
@@kingstonchi This is why I mentioned "affordable" protection. Lightning terminations to energised lines tend to produce transients lasting maybe a few hundred milliseconds (line oscillation effects), but the bulk of the damaging voltages will subside within a few millisec. The Carrington Event produced the equivalent of "network-wide" lightning strikes, lasting for hours, and there's no realistic way of protecting against that apart from line isolation. The amount of induced current was amazingly high, and bearing in mind that long lines act as inductors, any sudden break (eg opening a SF6 breaker) is going to produce such a voltage spike that the breaker will certainly see flashover, resulting in significant damage. Using "no-volt" disconnectors will be ineffective since again the voltage is enough to arc many metres, with resulting "interesting effects" on surviving protection systems. There have been some proposals for protections systems but once the cost of such systems (for maybe a "once in 100 lifetimes" events) is determined, interest rapidly fades! :-)
Хороший обзор, сам раньше работал на трансформаторном участке завода, занимался ремонтом и производством трансформаторов, правда раза в 4 поменьше чем этот.
دول العربية كانت في السبعينات بدت بصناعة المحولات لانها لاتحتاج لخبرة لاكن تحتاج الي تنقية النحاس وخطع الحديد بدقة والقماش ونوعيتها وهو مهم في دول تريد تنمية لاكن نحتاج لتعدين النحاس وتنقية الشوايب ثم تحويل النحاس لكابلات حسب الحاج وماكينات
Да не придётся, там получается как по закону сообщающихся сосудов. Сами вот эти вот адаптеры, где ТТ установлены, примерное на одном уровне с основным баком находятся, поэтому слить масло, будет достаточно примерно что-бы на 1 метр от верхнего края отходило и всё.
Slow it down yourself, click settings/speed. As for subtitles outlining what is happening, what is happening is they are building a transformer. Were you born this stupid, or has a life of watching RU-vid made you this way?
A Weg também faz trasformadores desse calibre, imagina o rigor para que todos os processos estejam livres de erros e falhas, um projeto desse nível é impressionante.
Thank you for this video, I want to ask, may I use it in my presentations? I am working in the Test and Measurement industry and this will help a lot for the guys to see the inside and also why they test what. But I would like your permission first before I use it. Many thanks and hope you find it in order
هوصناعة مهمة لاكن ايضا نحن بحاج لعداداكتروني ضخير وكبير يحسب حجم الكهرباء المولدا وحجم استهلاك كل بيت والكلفة وادخال مساعد للمولدات مثل حرق النفايات بعض جمعها وتحويلها الي كهرباء والغاز ثاني اكسيد الكربون نشتري ماكينات لتنقية
Thank you very much! But was the guy who designed the tape winder at 2:00 told it would have to last a few centuries, or did he just have those gigantic gears hanging around?
So these are giant linear transfromers, with a very low efficiency, are there also Giant versions of high frequency transformer, e.g. Push-Pull transformers at 45kHz?? is it even possible?
Как нас поставили на эти рельсы, мотать проволоку , так и мотаем. Просто уровень мотания подрос. С размахом мотаем!) а сам принцип тот же. От Фарадея до нас ни каких принципиальных изменений.
ну ради справедливости надо сказать что есть международный проект по термоядерной реакции и там какой-то прорыв с удержанием плазмы и мощности .. и какой-то чел говорил что проекты стали настолько дорогие и сложные что одной даже стране не потянуть будь она хоть трижды супер державой .. типа все дешманские проекты уже сделали )) что могли подешевле всё уже взяли у матушки природы
@@user-kg9qk8rt1e согласен с вами, есть проекты и разработки. Есть учёные и энтузиасты. Но всем им создают негативные вибрации в их деле. Все достойные проекты, все становятся "дорогие" и не "выгодные",а в большинстве случаев еще и невозможные. Выгодно это только одним. Углеводородным лобби.
How long do they expect something like this to remain in service, and how recyclable are these? copper is really expensive and a deminishing resource is it not?
