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Principal Parts Participle Version

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Everyone hates them, but you can't do the Latin verb without them - they are the principal parts. Sure, it seems like there is no pattern to these verbs, but there are some trends that carry across all verbs. Watch this video for more insight, but unfortunately there's no shortcut to just memorizing them for each verb until you get the hang of them. This video covers textbooks which have the fourth principal part as the perfect passive participle.

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28 авг 2024

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Комментарии : 151

@gogamezvrishvili5235 4 года назад

i am studying Latin during rain so no one can see my tears

@eldesconocido5734 3 года назад

I guess you're georgian. Your language is quite complicated as well haha

@exp835 2 года назад

Lol I can relate to this

@d1cal 2 года назад

I can see ur red face lol

@erisdiscord1618 4 года назад

OMG....I wish you were my Latin professor. You make Latin make sense.

@latintutorial 4 года назад

Hey, that’s a great tag line!

@itacurno5891 5 лет назад

Now from knowing nothing in latin classes to being ahead in learning in classes Thank You!😄

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

Of course. Any native speaker of a Romance language has a much easier time pronouncing Latin than speakers of Germanic languages (including English). It's just so hard to get the natural rhythm down.

@kennysamudio3582 4 года назад

That's true, Spanish is my native language and it's way easier to pronounce words in latin. Your pronunciation is great though.

@lefu7812 2 года назад

@@kennysamudio3582 I am russian so my english accent is quite bad, but Latin seem to agree well with my russian pronounciation lol

@latintutorial 13 лет назад

@scwa7x Some textbooks use the supine for the fourth principal part, others use the perfect passive participle. It's essentially the same thing (minus the -s or -m ending), although technically not all verbs have a perfect passive participle, e.g., intransitive verbs. Check out my other video on principal parts (supine version).

@LeebrockLee 12 лет назад

You have successfully demystified the verb in 6 minutes!!! Thank you so much. I'm a first year Latin tutor/student. I home educate my children using the classical method and so Latin is a must. Thank you for all your help. (Would love to see some videos on the Dative, Ablative, and Genitive cases of nouns when you have some time ... we are trying to translate sentences with several cases of the noun in them. )

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

tuli comes from the root of tollo (to raise), likely because fero didn't originally have a perfect stem. latus is actually *tlatus, with the u weakened away to nothing in between the t and l, and then the t just falls away (that makes sense if you pronounce "tlatus").

@EvanC0912 11 лет назад

I like your statement at the end. It reminds me of Goethe's quote: "Wer fremde Sprachen nicht kennt, weiß nichts von seiner eigenen." (Those who don't know foreign languages know nothing of their own.)

@0hnutty455 5 лет назад

Your comment reminded me of this quote from Albert Einstein: "The true sign of intelligence is not knowledge but imagination."

@ryanisber2353 5 лет назад

Ends the video by saying Latin is useless

@Steampunk_Ocelot 4 года назад

I just remember chanting the end bits outside my Latin classroom. I did two years of Latin but my teacher made it so dull I gave up. Im starting to do it again five years later

@ianchen1962 4 года назад

I wish you good luck

@habebahossain4448 4 года назад

Lol same every time at the end of the lesson we had to chant it

@paulbu6003 6 лет назад

English as my second language,, I have to say, yes we do have to remember a long list of English declensions......painful memory LOL, now repeating.

@ianchen1962 4 года назад

i swear every time i have something that i need to revise and i google it you are there to save me

@latintutorial 4 года назад

This makes me feel really good. Thank you!

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

The third pp is important because it gives you the stem for the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect active tenses. You may be able to predict this for some verbs, but it can be especially difficult for many others, especially 3rd conjugations. The fourth pp is important because it gives you the perfect passive participle (in English, the past participle). Intransitive verbs (like "to sit") can't ever have passive forms, so that's why some verbs only have three pp's.

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

As someone who has never studied Portuguese, I didn't want to butcher it and offend anyone!

@helenvickers1938 4 года назад

latintutorial that’s ok

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

"having been loved" and just plain "loved" are equivalent: "the food, loved by the dog, was good" and "the food, having been loved by the dog, was good" mean the same thing. But in modern English, we tend to not use "having been" much at all.

@poploli2660 4 года назад

You are a blessing since I forgot all of year one Latin and our school makes us take it for 3 years at minimum

@austinscott6611 5 лет назад

What are the principle parts for 3rd io?

@tunistick8044 2 года назад

As a non english speaker i can confirm that we're learn the three parts of a verb you mentioned, however i see that english is super ez. Tho, may the weirdest thing i saw in english is that: the verb is "to find" and its p. participle is "found", BUT!! there's another verb that's "to found" and the p. participle is "founded"

@brodig 8 лет назад

Very helpful video! I was wondering: my Latin teacher gave the 4th principle as -tum (like amatum). Looking at different resources online, both amatum and amatus seem to be randomly chosen as the 4th. Are they basically the same, or is there a reason for the difference? Thanks!

@latintutorial 8 лет назад

Not randomly - it's a philosophical difference on how the 4th principal part should be displayed. The -um ending is *probably* better, but many texts don't want to introduce the concept of a "supine" early in Latin education. To cover my bases, I've made two videos about principal parts. Here's the video with the 4th principal part ending in -um: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-nBno-dmlw_8.html

@brodig 8 лет назад

Ah perfect, thank you for the quick response! I'll watch that one now :)

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

@MrsBenzedrine1 That's probably what we call the Third -io, so verbs like facio, facere, feci, factus, which has forms similar to both the 4th conjugation (-īre ending in the infinitive) and 3rd conjugation (-ere ending in the infinitive).

@sh3ll901 3 года назад

This is the day before a Latin test thx so much

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

@MrsBenzedrine1 That's the one. capio, capere, cepi, captus is a Third -io, like facio, facere, feci, factus.

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

@LeebrockLee Again, thanks. I'm working my way through everything, but it may take some time. Hopefully I will be able to coordinate some new videos with my current curriculum at school this spring.

@randyh647 8 лет назад

You had a low buzzing sound or hum in your audio near the end of the video, this usually means that your microphone cord is too close to your power cord, you can move them away from each other, use shielded cables or a ferrite core to reduce the noise. Other than that the audio and your voice tone was perfect. I subscribed!

@latintutorial 8 лет назад

Thanks. It's not an issue anymore!

@randyh647 8 лет назад

Great. I have a 5.1 sound system and my subwoofer picked it up a little at the end. I've produced over 5000 videos so far and teach a lot of teachers.

@helenvickers1938 4 года назад

Randy H I will sub, seeing you don’t have any

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

maneo is intransitive (doesn't take a d.o.), so it can't have a perfect passive participle ("having been remained"? No, doesn't make sense). Therefore, the 4th part is either mansum (accusative supine) or mansurus (future active participle). It's likely the 4th part you learned was an error by mistaken transfer, while forgetting about maneo's intransitivity.

@analuizasilva5191 4 года назад

This video was so good, thank you!

@latintutorial 4 года назад

You're so welcome!

@calvinmirandamoritz4507 6 лет назад

Hi, I'm French and all my textbooks including the very trusted Gaffiot dictionnary gives all supines are ending with -tum. Why are yours in -tus?

@9sockmonkey 6 лет назад

Are you the same person on those wonderful Bible Project videos??

@dr.glockenspiel1819 11 лет назад

The comments should be slow enough...so if Mrs.Pellis loads up this video... Ethan Enslin has left his mark! RAWR!

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

I'm learning latin with Rosetta Stone, did you know that program? (it is the verb know the correct, for that phrase? In portuguese we have 6 verbs to the diferents senses of this verb)

@ydasda4210 6 лет назад

This made SO MUCH sense! Thank you.

@stevenhartley318 3 года назад

Hi in Luke 18 verse 12 “jejuno bis in sabbato, decimas do omnium quæ possideo.” “Decimas” and “do” are both verbs. To translate the sentence “I give tithes” it seems that “decimas” you tithe has become the direct object of “do” I give. I wondering has “decimas” become the direct object of “do” and what is the function of “decimas” in the sentence? Fr Hartley

@BellaBellaIsaIsa 3 года назад

Ok seriously this video helped me so much

@latintutorial 3 года назад

Great!

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

I'm a Portuguese and I heard that is easier to us pronounce latin. It's true? I chose your videos to learn latin. The music of this language is divine

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

in previous tuturial you don't read the word "mãe" it's dificult?

@1cathexis 8 лет назад

Why are videos 1& 4 deleted? Is this sequence therefore incomplete?And what were the missing titles? - TIA!

@vatnidd 11 лет назад

No language is difficult when you use it every day.

@djstapler 5 лет назад

Do you use latin every day?

@campodemarte4352 4 года назад

@@djstapler I would like to have the chance. I'm even considering applying to the Accademia Vivarium Novum.

@cloin6 3 года назад

I still don't quite understand the fourth principle part, I wish you'd gone into a bit more depth with it. Is it the pluperfect tense?

@odinfredrikrustad7450 7 лет назад

Very helpful. Thank you for your work. Much appreciated. - Make education Latin again.

@scwa7x 13 лет назад

this is pretty helpful, but i just want to ask 1 thing (sorry if its a dumb question) in my text book the principal parts are as follows for example: duco, ducere, duxi, ductum... clarrification would be much appreciated:)

@Monti-ko 12 лет назад

@latintutorial I think that's not it. Like I said, I learned that there are five different conjugations: the a-conjugation, the e-conjugation, the i-conjugation, the consonantal conjugation and the mixed conjugation, so verbs like "capere" belong to the mixed one.

@emmadenis6465 11 лет назад

What do you do if your Latin work does not specify tell you if it ends with a long or short sound? For example he mentioned short ere and long ere.

@aidanflynn2037 3 года назад

Bro this is such a good video. Thank you

@jpferri4352 9 лет назад

is swum a real word?

@dpduhon5838 8 лет назад

Yes-it's the past participle of swim

@dpduhon5838 5 лет назад

FencerDoesStuff that's the simple past. you could either say "i swam yesterday" or "i have swum this week," but the first would be simple past and second would be past participle

@shazh6183 7 лет назад

When you have a Latin GCSE tomorrow and you're trying to go over the basics

@Monti-ko 12 лет назад

I'm learning Latin in Germany and our order of the conjugations is a bit different and we also call them a-conjugation, e-conjugation and so on. There's a fifth one called mixed conjugation. What about that?

@jeffrey6244 9 лет назад

A very good video and your pronunciation is perfect! There is one question no one has been able to answer though, and that is why on earth are there *four* different conjugations?? Do you know the origin of this absurdity? It's actually worse than having five different declensions, which can partially be explained by having three genders, although genders themselves are an unnecessary complication. What we need is to adopt Esperanto with some (if not all) of the improvements from Ido!

@latintutorial 9 лет назад

Most of the distinction with the different declensions and conjugations revolves around the dominant vowel ending the noun and verb stem. 1st declension is the a declension, 2nd declension the o declension, 3rd declension the i/consonantal stem declension, 4th declension the u declension, and 5th declension the e declension. For conjugations, the 1st conjugation is the a conjugation, the 2nd the strong/long e conjugation, the 3rd the short e/i conjugation, and the fourth the strong/long i conjugation.

@jeffrey6244 9 лет назад

latintutorial I know that, but it does not explain the different sets of endings, such as the b or m for the future of verbs, the same ending (e.g. a) used for different purposes depending on the noun or adjective declension, etc. *None* of that is actually needed if you have pronouns and prepositions - not that Latin is going to change its entire grammar for my sake of course. The modern Romance languages have eliminated most of the case endings for nouns and adjectives but kept the gargantuan mess of verb inflections. English has gotten rid of most all of these extraneous complications at the very minor price of depending on word order, which to me makes it superior, but not because I happen to be a native speaker. If Turkish and Esperanto can have absolutely regular verbs, why can't other languages?

@latintutorial 9 лет назад

Jeff Rey I wouldn't complain too much about Latin grammar, which is far more sensical and logical than, say, English grammar (think of the varied functions of the word "to"). Many of your questions are easily answered in a good Latin grammar guide, which exposes the history of Latin, making all of the weirdness make sense. For example, Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar (available as a free pdf online) would tell you that the 3rd/4th conjugation future endings are really subjunctive endings used in a future sense. You may find it fun to read this just to learn why things are the case, and why languages would prefer conjugations and cases to, say, prepositions and auxiliary words.

@jeffrey6244 9 лет назад

latintutorial To tell you the truth, I have developed a somewhat perverse fondness for all these ridiculous complexities of various languages and am mildly competent in several of them. It's like doing especially difficult and hair-pulling crosswords or jigsaw puzzles at times, then it feels like I've accomplished something when a light dawns. It does little to improve my overall opinion of them, though, since they are all the products of random, undisciplined mutations over the centuries - like humans too, come to think of it.

@latintutorial 9 лет назад

Jeff Rey Language change is definitely not random. There's a whole field of historical linguistics set to unfold the mysteries of how languages evolve and why, and these linguists have come up with quite a great understanding of how one language becomes another and why certain things happened.

@umbrelladilemma4556 4 года назад

Hi Why is "malo"s principle parts, malle, malui not something like malare, malari

@antlecca 12 лет назад

isnt a ppp (perfect passive participle) translated having been .....ed

@MEPS1996 12 лет назад

Why do some verbs not have a fourth principal part? Also, why do you need four principal parts anyway. You can tell the conjugation of all verbs by the 1st and 2nd principal parts. Please reply i have an exam in 2 days. Thanks

@murphie_4559 3 года назад

I hate my Latin teacher. He’s such a creep. Wish I had this dude as my Latin teacher.

@chaizacharyyy3832 3 года назад

latintutorial entered the room： "...and its good to know that our struggles and pains, aren't much different." me as an non english native speaker barely speaking perfect english yet still biting off more than they can chew: peek through the door

@vatnidd 11 лет назад

I had a hard time learning the English verb conjugations which are irregular.

@vatnidd 11 лет назад

I love how Chinese has difficult writing system and pronunciation (tones!) but has freaking easy grammar: no inflexion, no tenses, no cases, no gender, no singular/plural, etc.

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

the "r" are rolled? Or are like the Germans "r"?

@NixMortis99 11 лет назад

By watching your videos, I now understand the direct similarities of French and Italian to Latin. Stāre in Latin is to stand, but stare in Italian means to stay. Similar still. And es and est are both second/third person singular in French and Latin. But Spanish is more different(habere in Latin is to have, haber in Spanish is to speak.)

@Lol-ok9kl 6 лет назад

NixMortis99 hablar is Spanish for speak not haber. Haber is to have in Spanish just like Latin. Also Spanish conjugation is closer to Latin than French or Italian. Amo amas ama amamos amáis aman are the equivalent to amo amas amat amamus amatis amant in Latin

@latintutorial 9 лет назад

Jp Ferri: Having swum the Channel, I rested my weary limbs on the French shore.

@latintutorial 8 лет назад

Unfortunately, I'm not familiar with the British system at all. I don't think I could provide much input beyond just answering the questions!

@plasmaratic 3 года назад

@@latintutorial Im sorry I have no context, what does this mean, this seems reandom

@ttownfeen 3 года назад

@@plasmaratic The comments he was replying to have been deleted

@carlsong6438 5 лет назад

Why does wheelock's have the fourth form ending in -tum and not -tus?

@latintutorial 5 лет назад

Wheelock’s chooses to make the fourth principal part the accusative supine, which ends in -tum, rather than the perfect passive participle. It’s a very reasoned choice. I have a video called “principal parts supine version” that looks at principal parts from this perspective. Check it out!

@latintutorial 5 лет назад

Here’s the link: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-nBno-dmlw_8.html

@angellove374 8 лет назад

Graceful.... I like it!~ :-)

@reybeck8952 6 лет назад

You have saved my life

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

Your conduct honor me. That the winds of the bonanza sweep the path. You chose a very dificult word. Father in portuguese is very easier. If you want to know portuguese curiosities talk to me. I'm always here for thirsting for knowledge. How old are you really?

@MegaMAXgaming 11 лет назад

I wonder why that is?

@katarn201 11 лет назад

Can someone tell me what advenitis means?

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

How? I don't know

@diyapatel754 3 года назад

wait did i actually understand something about latin for once

@gaius6187 3 года назад

would you consider studying together, and sharing knowledge with me?

@gaius6187 3 года назад

would u ?

@berdth8397 5 лет назад

nice ending

@maddoxmalchow846 6 лет назад

Why does the intro sound like Hamilton?

@latintutorial 6 лет назад

Because Lin Manuel used my loop? Seriously, check out the date of this video, it predates Hamilton!

@maddoxmalchow846 6 лет назад

Just wondering. That's all. Btw thanks for the help.

@peteryu4919 5 лет назад

Great video!

@ChocosoftPC 11 лет назад

In my language (portuguese) we have more than 4 parts I guess! That's why in tests i have 17/20 in english and 13/20 in Portuguese!

@daesungkim5708 9 лет назад

Thank you it helped me alot!

@MEPS1996 12 лет назад

thanks for the swift reply

@CalebShawKLEEB 8 лет назад

Thanks this is very helpful

@N00bcrunch3r 11 лет назад

English is mostly devoid of those traits too, you know? No grammatical gender and number outside of nouns and the third-person singular. Adjectives and nouns are also completely devoid of declension.

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

No problem, and thanks. You can private message me through RU-vid: it's much simpler.

@fearlines5818 3 года назад

Hey I really like your videos, but I don’t see anymore. Please post! 😭😱

@latintutorial 3 года назад

August!

@fearlines5818 3 года назад

@@latintutorial Oh so you post in school.. Ok nice thanks!

@WoW-wl1qi Год назад

Ultra common W

@verkaamartis 3 года назад

perfect

@elisap6081 10 лет назад

lol @NixMortis99 haber doesn't mean to speak in spanish that's hablar

@erepivel104 4 года назад

None of this is making any sense. Why does "to carry" start with f, l, or c, but only under f in a dictionary? what even does principle part mean? Why does it take you 5 minutes to explain that each verb in latin is spelled in 4 different ways but not why or how? Why did you just jump from basic english nouns and verbs to very complex latin verbs in a few videos? i have watched half of your videos and this is the only one i do not understand.

@SistoActivitatemAtm 4 года назад

I'm so grateful for these videos, but I was confused with this one

@erepivel104 4 года назад

@@SistoActivitatemAtm yes exactly

@CaesarInVa 2 года назад

Wow....I have 5 degrees including a MS in Information Systems from Johns Hopkins and a MS in Taxation from Villanova Law and this is the most complicated shit I've ever encountered. I'd rather do Fourier analysis on an AC circuit without a calculator. Guess its time to buy the "Latin for Children" set by Veritas.

@no23939 11 лет назад

Wheres the english version?

@lucap6732 10 лет назад

advenitis means you (all) arrive. 2nd person plur. look up william whitakers words for better help

@MostHighDwelling 11 лет назад

French and Latin are a lot alike!

@quackmastr 11 лет назад

I use Porto portare portavi portatus for to carry

@Willow-fk4kp 3 месяца назад

This is gonna give me nightmares pls help me

@elichampstyle 8 лет назад

No 3rd io??

@aarondelgado3421 8 лет назад

The author of the video was just trying to show the general differences between the 4 conjugations and thereby, showing the necessity of memorizing the four principal parts of a verb in order to know which conjugation the verb belongs to.

@tspark1071 4 года назад

Interesting

@latintutorial 12 лет назад

Yes, rolled. Never like in French or German.

@Monti-ko 12 лет назад

@latintutorial Then I guess someone decided to give us Germans another conjugation to learn since apparently Latin is "much easier" for us to learn anyway XD. Stuff like cases is natural to me cause we learn the cases in primary school with simple question words that make it all easier.

@dabing862 3 года назад

amo latin

@tidytok 3 года назад

Fortnite is the best personally I love edit pump wars

@radioreactivity3561 Год назад

it's actually "linguam latinam amo"

@PoorlyTranslated 5 лет назад

Most of these comments are 6 years old!

@k2ngcorn Год назад

I really do not enjoy studying latin

@latintutorial Год назад

Stick with it, watch my videos, and it will get easier!

@lucap6732 10 лет назад

sorry it was a little late

@amj.composer 5 лет назад

BRING. BACK. LATIN.

@0hnutty455 5 лет назад

it's ded m8

@OTrajano25 12 лет назад

Sory. I wrote in Portuguese. So I am asking if you want to gave me your email and health for your son

@tianchenghuang973 2 года назад

“Latin is so useless”, lol. I guess people who spend their life time seeking for usefulness and utility with large probability won’t end up in this channel to learn Latin ;)