Pronouns in the Semitic Languages - Akkadian, Aramaic, Arabic, & Hebrew Language Geography 

this is interesting...in Maalula and Jubaadin where Western Aramaic is spoken, they use "أنح" for "we". while the Syrian coast mostly uses "atte" for "you" and "ettu" for "you" plural.

Wow, Tigrigna is closer to Akadian. I used to think Tigrigna was Hebrew or Arabic mixed with an African language. But your chart shows that Tigrina is actually closest to Akadian than the rest of Semitic languages .

Good lesson to learn semitic languages in parallel.

Hi professor, are you certain it's shu > hu (shu evolving into hu) as opposed to hu > shu (hu evolving into shu)? Because it's clearly hu > shu from Middle Chinese into modern Mandarin. Perhaps Proto-Semitic had "h" and only Akkadian shifted?

Thank you! Arabic, the standard one at least, also have pronouns for "you two" and "them two".

It's kinda funny how Tigrigna and Amharic came back to proto-semitic-like forms after having lost the original third person pronouns. (Amh: issu, issua, Tgr: (n)issu, (n)issa; he, she)

Could the knower help me on this. And put aside religious context. Alquran surah 61, as saf; Verse 5, musa used ANNI rasulullah ilaikum. Verse 6, isa ibni maryam used INNI rasulullah ilaikum. ?? Anni vs Inni ?? Sukran. Peace

Wonder what language did biblical Abraham speak. Must be very different from modern Hebrew.

Akkadian is the most different and the rest is very similar

Very interesting. in Iraq, people still mostly use attah and atti in everyday conversations instead of the Arabic anta and anti. Also, they use ani in the middle and north of Iraq while in the south, they use anah(آنه) with a prolonged initial vowel.

can we continue to hope for the syriac/aramaic lectures?

If people are interested to know , I am working on a conlang with many semittic loans ! Examples: Gramatical Dictionary form : ha ( the moast simple form of nouns) inspired by hebrew The 'eyn' ' per example could breakup words coro'es (colors) Ways of saying there is/ there are: Li ha/ li ha sud > semitic influence led to parafrase to this usage! Sound: my language knows segolization > ursu>urso> usro> ozro Verbs: leffze ~ a form of to love (borrowed from hebrew lev) The "we" form of verbs ending in -aimu,eynu,-anhu etc. > inluenced, inpired and innovated via words as anagnu in hebrew -ûmta (a tens of a verb) Function: -ûm (depicts inportance in sentence) The above are inpired by semitic sounds Loans : > = from Ha Élakrabbo ~ scorpion > arabic Ha Medrasfo ~ education > aramic Ha Meğhlo ~ king > hebrew Ha ossud ~ lion > arabic Writing: my language has a (not finnished yet) semittic inpired writing system. Aplhabet: alif, beyt,gimo etc. > semitic style Even so my language is a ibero-romance art lang called ha leyngva I use semittic language as a ofiginal way to make my language beautifull to differentiate from the typical candidates like latin and greek or french. There are also sounds inpired from swedish and dutch in it. I like some parts of it. I posted an spoken sample on youtube. Syalem'an teo 🙏 (peace to you)

Just found this channel. The description and the video titles convince me to subscribe. Hope to find interesting insights to the Ancient Semitic languages - which happens to be my major at Uni Helsinki.

Love this kind of content!

Yes, but what were their preferred pronouns?

Your Arabic pronunciation is really good!

It looks like Amharic is very close to Akadian.

a similar program for the prepositions will be very interesting...

Professor when what the real reason that in iraq some people call them chaldean and some assryian. They both speak almost the same. I had friends from both group i strongly believe chaldean is a man made to divide the assryian ? Thanks

the map @9:00 was very interesting...

As himyarite arab from yemen our pronouns are closer to Hebrew im shocking 😳

Actually Arabic was originally attested mostly all the way up in southern Syria. The distribution of the Safaitic inscriptions for instance puts almost all of them north of your Arabic region. The original Proto-Semitic form of 3ms was suʔa, so you're right it had a glottal stop on the end, but it also had the sibilant like Akkadian.

What like ING in Akkadian?

What about the dual pronouns like هما and أنتما ?

If the Canaanite and Akkadian languages were in our current era, how would loanwords such as RU-vid, television, and the like be conjugated?

4:32 "write it down" lmao imagine pulling out a clay tablet just for akkadian

This was really helpful. Thank you! How do the enclitic pronouns compare across all the Semitic languages? Is the language map pretty much the same?

The pronouns are also quite similar to Oromo(Cushitic); ani(I), nuhi(we), ati(you.sg), isa(him), isi(her), isaan(they)

Akkadian Shi is the same as English She

This is very interesting to see, from a Hebrew speaker’s perspective!❤️

Great breakdown. Sadly, too many folk claim* bragging rights for the ‘original’ language. Many Arabic speakers insist* Arabic is the oldest, Aramaic speakers say it is Aramaic, Hebrew speakers insist it is Hebrew (and cite the Tower of Babel myth as ‘proof’). Of course Biblical Hebrew is just a dialect of Canaanite, plus several loan words. Given the historicity of Akkadian, it is clearly the ‘mother’ of the others, spread by empire. *Edited for some bad typing errors. Posted without checking. My bad.

Very nice presentation on pronouns belonging to the Semitic Languages. Have you any ideas of how letter "h" turns to be "š" in some Akkadian pronouns ?

Standard Arabic here. There are diffrent prounciations for each Arabic dialect.

In Eastern Saudi Arabia they use Antun for plural you, similar to Aramaic

Pronouns. YAZZZZZZZZ. 😊

Very interesting. I wonder why you do not include Phoenecian in these reviews.

It would be interesting to see a comparison with Bantu languages of Africa. I’m noticing some similarities with the Nguni languages, and it is not the first time. Bani (bani/banu Israel) is bana/bantu/bantwana in Sotho/Nguni languages. I believe the Congo and Ewe languages are even closer to Arabic and Hebrew. Nguni: Me = mina/nna We = thina (pronounced teena)/re nna Them = bona🎉 He/her = yena They = zona It = yona The “na” and the “ti” are very common.

In Arabic, there are also dual You أنتما and dual He/She هما and these two are used for both genders.

Comparison of numbers is a good idea

נחמד מאוד :)

Thank you for your explanation sir

Very interesting - here they are in Maltese, which as you know is a Semitic language derived from a medieval dialect of Arabic spoken in Sicily: Jien/a (I), int/i (you singular), hu/wa (he), hi/ja (she), aħna (we), intom (you plural), huma (they). English translations in brackets. Jien, int, hu and hi mean exactly the same as jiena, inti, huwa and hija; they're just shortened forms.

Thank you

Thank you for your efforts and knowledge. Let me add Tigrigna pronouns to your list. Akkadian/Tigrigna Anaku/Ane, Atta/Atta, Atti/Atti, Su/Esu, Si/Esa, Ninu/Nihna(نحنا pronounced), Attunu/ Attum, Attina/ Attin, sunu/ esatom, SINA/Esaten. When it comes to the third person pronouns, Tigrigna is the closest of all the rest of the Semitic languages. I used to think Atta in tigrigna was a corrupted Anta. And Esu I used to think was indigenous African third person pronoun. The E in Esu is so faint that if you say Su anyone will u derstan that u ou are saying Esu meaning "He" But this shows that Tigrigna is actually more pristine than Arabic and Hebrew as it still kept Akkadian pronouns intact. Tigrigna is more of Persian language origin than it is African.

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As a Lebanese, gotta admit that our Dialect of Arabic is really a mix of Aramaic/Syrriac and Arabic...

Arabic is the mother language of the rest

Assyrische Sprache ist die erste Sprache ܐܢܐ ܐܝܘܢ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ