Тёмный
No video :(

Propaganda & PR: How to Manipulate the Masses 

tiffanyferg
Подписаться 819 тыс.
Просмотров 212 тыс.
50% 1

Опубликовано:

 

24 авг 2024

Поделиться:

Ссылка:

Скачать:

Готовим ссылку...

Добавить в:

Мой плейлист
Посмотреть позже
Комментарии : 844   
@monicamadrigalbeckford4281
@monicamadrigalbeckford4281 5 лет назад
Fun fact: in Spanish we still call advertaisment propaganda
@bertarodriguez6339
@bertarodriguez6339 5 лет назад
In Spain we differentiate between "propaganda" which we usually use when they try to sell you an idea or values. E.g: political propaganda and "un anuncio " which is usually used when talking about products.
@monicamadrigalbeckford4281
@monicamadrigalbeckford4281 5 лет назад
Berta Rodrigue z I’m Spaniard myself and I have live my whole life in Spain. I have been using the word propaganda for advertisement all my life, and so do my friends and relatives. Sure I have heard the word “anuncios” but in a way less common way than “propaganda”
@bertarodriguez6339
@bertarodriguez6339 5 лет назад
@@monicamadrigalbeckford4281 i use it a lot more actually hahhaa maybe it depends on the area we live
@paris5410
@paris5410 5 лет назад
I find that "propaganda" is used for politics nearly always but "anuncio" or "publicidad" are used for products more often than not. I live in a big city and usually older people use propaganda and not very often.
@bertarodriguez6339
@bertarodriguez6339 5 лет назад
@@paris5410 i agree with you!
@ChapmanCS3
@ChapmanCS3 5 лет назад
I think a video about companies exploiting pride month for profit would be really interesting.
@hiViCkYhi
@hiViCkYhi 5 лет назад
Yes please!
@eleo_b
@eleo_b 5 лет назад
WetheLivingArt • or breast cancer month.
@that_random_person7009
@that_random_person7009 5 лет назад
Yesssss!
@Childfreedollar
@Childfreedollar 5 лет назад
Yes!
@emmanuelmugenzi1722
@emmanuelmugenzi1722 5 лет назад
We have the companies we deserve not the companies we need.
@paigerodgers1682
@paigerodgers1682 5 лет назад
Left my PR major at University after 2 years for A LOT of reasons, but one of them was how twisted PR actually is, but is justified by “how much money you’ll make” and how “practical” it is. All of my professors bowed down to Bernays and never took into account how damaging it can be to young impressionable students who desperately want to succeed (let alone to the nation in the long run??) Had several professors include in their lectures “you need to put your morals slightly aside for this job, and if you can’t do that it’s not the place for you”. All PR felt like to me was learning how to strategically lie/fabricate to get what you want. Money isn’t worth your morals honey
@Julie-qr9ow
@Julie-qr9ow 5 лет назад
thanks for saying this, im currently a freshman in college and havent picked my major yet, I was seriously considering PR because I thought it would be fun but I'm not willing to give up my morals for it so i might switch to journalism or something
@paigerodgers1682
@paigerodgers1682 5 лет назад
tiffanyferg I always wondered if I had a uniquely bad experience or if it was just my university, so I try to not talk down on the major itself too much. There is non profit PR for charities, (which was always skimmed over and never talked about in detail). We had a panel of alumni who work in the field come in and do a Q&A with us, and they all said they would have preferred to work nonprofit in the beginning but wouldn’t have made enough money. I don’t think all PR is bad, but it has many issues at the core that are swept under the rug if not justified and encouraged. And a side note, there was a student PR organization on campus, and everyone was pressured to join if they wanted “the best outcome” from the major but it cost $75 a semester to be a part of. Always thought that was a bit steep but maybe that was just my broke college student mindset lol. But thank you for making this video and making me feel less crazy about my decision to leave that major behind, and for replying! Been watching for several years and have always been rooting for you.
@daimhinaubrey3194
@daimhinaubrey3194 5 лет назад
Paige Rodgers OMG HELLO I also dropped out of my PR uni course after 1,5 years, when I had to write a course work on different ways of manipulation. I originally was going to be a translator/teacher but the uni had messed up and by the time my papers got all figured out, the translator course had filled up (i was a scholarship student so there were only a few scholarship places) and literally the main PR dude pr’d me to sign up for his course (cause that way the uni’d still get money from the government for me, duuuh, but i hadn’t connected the dots at that point) and literally we had a lecture one day about “Truth in PR” and the lecturer was going on and on about how “it’s an honest profession!” and i raised my hand and asked, “but isn’t PR ...about...twisting the narrative to suit your goals..?” and she goes yes it is but it’s not /lying/ ?????? anyway fuck all of those guys i hate ads so much and especially cause most of them are intentionally irritating and obnoxious bc that’s apparently what ppl will remember and buy and goddamn JUST MAKE SOME NICE ADS IF U ABSOLUTELY MUST
@daimhinaubrey3194
@daimhinaubrey3194 5 лет назад
Paige Rodgers high five for leaving that awful pool of poison behind 🖐 side note everyone in my year was obsessed with reading 99 franks and watching that film about the PR people, you know the one probably 🤣 (can’t remember what it’s called, only remember there was a president and the PR people flying in private jets everywhere 😂😂) good on us for leaving in time!! 🎉💐
@Liz-dc2in
@Liz-dc2in 5 лет назад
to everyone in here who dropped out of pr courses and what not, what do you do now? because i've been thinking about doing something like marketing or pr bc it's creative but can still be a steady income and everything, which most creative jobs kinda aren't but i don't want to put my morals aside, so i would looove to hear what you do now, whether as a major or a job or just what you want to do in the future :)
@user-jt3ln8qt7p
@user-jt3ln8qt7p 5 лет назад
This reminds me of my economics teacher. He was very anti- capitalist and I’ve always thought “well, he studied the wrongest subject” , however because of his knowledge he could tell us what exactly is wrong consumerism, privatization of banks etc. You kinda remind me of my teacher in this video.
@maddiegrace9787
@maddiegrace9787 4 года назад
yeah, same! That's how my economics teacher is like!
@CameraMystique
@CameraMystique 4 года назад
The socialists also used marketing to promote their message. "Poverty is virtue". In Greece in the 80s, the communist party was telling us hat washing machines is a "trick of the imperialists who give you gadgets to poison your soul" and it'd be better to wash them by hand. I'm not kidding. Both capitalists and socialists want your money, devotion, time. What matters is how you react to it.
@katherinedelacruz9876
@katherinedelacruz9876 4 года назад
@@CameraMystique HAHAHA omg that sounds wild but when u think about it at the core of the message they were right. Buying shit you don't need and thinking stuff will make u happy really will eat ur soul eventually.
@yuriblu2321
@yuriblu2321 4 года назад
Katherine De La Cruz you’re right.
@alm.2000
@alm.2000 3 года назад
@@CameraMystique This whole channel is socialist hippie western propaganda though. The more I watch her the more I loathe her. She has no idea what she’s talking about 90% of time she is spouting marxist talking points.
@SmileyEssie
@SmileyEssie 5 лет назад
*luv luv luv ur internet analysis series*
@HumansOfVR
@HumansOfVR 5 лет назад
same
@kaleixy
@kaleixy 5 лет назад
@Lzb Lmvm woah, wtf? Why do you have to be so negative?
@ChcalateMaster
@ChcalateMaster 5 лет назад
Same :)
@brooklynrichy9246
@brooklynrichy9246 4 года назад
Lzb Lmvm bruh she got accepted into an Ivy League school, what are you doing?
@user-by6mv9tb1f
@user-by6mv9tb1f 3 года назад
+
@KristenLeo
@KristenLeo 5 лет назад
I think this just became one of my favorite videos of yours! So interesting to learn where modern "pr" (propaganda) originated! So shady...
@diemdia
@diemdia 5 лет назад
Can we get a collab?? 😝
@martin_geuer
@martin_geuer 2 года назад
... Agreed @tiffanyferg ... But don't just look into the past ... Also look into the present and yourself. Every propaganda campaign was once someone's present and they always started with a "good" cause or feeling where people (recipients) thought they knew better ... until it turned sour..or just turned out to be a lie. What the eggs and the Autobahn, where in the past .. veganism, Trump, Greta Thurnberg .. and do I dare to say it ... even corona and human made climate change .. is today. We only know what is given to us .. information-wise..that's it .. which is quite a lot of exhausting noise compared to the past unfortunately. Everybody can pick his or hers own bubble and stay in there for as long as they want ... rightfully so. Every standpoint has its counter standpoint and both are fed with seemingly "legitimate facts" or just contradictions .. leaving only one way out ... submissions .. and retreat into one place and one place only .. your core "believe" and core reflexes..welcome .. you are being controlled now. Instead of uniting these bubbles they are being separated. And thinking you know or do best .. is the first successful step of a good "PR (propaganda) campaign". The idea of good and bad and doing "the right .. the good thing" is a very strong pillar in the book of propaganda. One thing is for sure .. in 40 or 50 years from now you can see your young self through the eyes of old you and will be able turn around and take a look at all the lies that were being told to you...which is then called a midlife crisis ;p ... and you will be called a grumpy, pessimistic, overly complicated "old person" .. not willing to change and having no idea about anything .. bla bla .. and the younglings are fed with the idea that "their naivety and childishness" is going to save the world, creating the believe they know better :))))) ... When it's actually the other way around. The "oldies" actually know better .. from experience. They heard these lies and stories way to often and over decades. While the "younglings" hear these things for the first time .. actually believing them .. THINKING they know better, when they actually don't have the slightest clue and are being exploited for what makes them unique. "Yeah .. let's safe world" :) .. except you don't. Or maybe they actually start this time? :) .. only they know. And instead of uniting the childishness and experience of the elderly with the childishness and naivety of the younglings (how it's supposed to be) "they" are separating us and putting us against one another. It happens now with Thunberg, it happened with the Brexit, it is happening now in Germany and after the elections .. it will happen in the future. Seperation and isolated communication .. another major tool. NARCISSISTS do it the exact same way. Learn how NARCISSISTS work and you know how manipulation, politics and propaganda works. Propaganda is like the stock market .. it is always easy to evaluate things in the aftermath of it .. but when you experience it live .. you don't know what is going on ... All you can do is take a guess. Propaganda is not only defined by certain events ... It dictates your day to day live via media and news outlets. You saw and showed what companies are willing and capable to do ... Now imagine what states and the people in power are able and willing to do. THE BIBLE is a prime example for one of the most successful global propaganda/marketing campaigns ever .. using the same mechanisms that are being used today. Under the bible wars were fought, millions killed, billions earned and moved, states built - united - destroyed, politics conducted, people conditioned to talk and think alike ... AND IT LASTED ALMOST 2000 YEARS :). And they/we all had one thing in common ... They/We thought they/we fought for a good cause. Do we actually believe, that the future of countries, humanity and even this world is decided within a handful of years during a single governmental run? ------ My personal suggestion: - watch some videos about NARCISSISTS and how they function and you will know how politics and propaganda works (it will also protect your personal live a bit .. cause their are tons of people like that out there) - PUT ASIDE news and media outlets .. just avoid their channels and let them play with themselves in their own little sandboxes ... And I promise you .. after a little bit of time.. it will increase your quality of live and inner peace significantly !! :) - if you don't know what to believe step outside and take look at the reality that surrounds you .. and look as far as you would be able and willing to change it - just talk to the people that surround you and don't be talked at by the media - let real experience made in reality guide you and not words from others ... Not even mine ;)
@leahpearson11
@leahpearson11 5 лет назад
In high school I took visual communications classes, and I've not been able to see products in the same way since. Design is manipulation and it's frightening how quickly the industry is to categorise and stereotype literally everybody to sell a product.
@angelshairpiano
@angelshairpiano 5 лет назад
Leah R if you’re interested in how far this stuff goes, read Louis Althusser - Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses. Althusser argues that our minds our not controlled by violence but through media, schooling and through institutions and capital and the ideology behind it.
@thedarkphoenix1640
@thedarkphoenix1640 5 лет назад
@Leah R What did you learn and find out exactly? I wanna know how I'm being manipulated to buy things!
@michaelvandegriff6696
@michaelvandegriff6696 5 лет назад
There is also a set of books by Richard Slotkin. The first one is called Regeneration Through Violence. It sounds similar.
@leahpearson11
@leahpearson11 5 лет назад
@@angelshairpiano I will!!!!! Thanks so much, sounds fascinating:))
@leahpearson11
@leahpearson11 5 лет назад
@@thedarkphoenix1640 well I had assignments where I had to cater to specific audiences. E.g., women in their 30s who enjoy self care and indulgence were painted to like soft colours, more organic textures, florals and botanic scents, if of disposable income would spend more on luxury soaps etc. So the packaging for the assignment would be in traditionally feminine colours, use soft patterns often with flowers. You learn to assume what every gender, age and socioeconomic status of individual will be drawn too visually.
@CatherineKlein94
@CatherineKlein94 5 лет назад
Fascinating and disturbing. I think this has been my favorite of the series so far!! The real divide in this country is the elites vs the working class. The elites would love to keep us believing it’s Republicans vs Democrats.
@edgardox.feliciano3127
@edgardox.feliciano3127 5 лет назад
That sounds like anarchist talk, are you an anarchist?
@angelaricks5379
@angelaricks5379 4 года назад
I completely agree with you. Thank you for this comment.
@katherinemorelle7115
@katherinemorelle7115 4 года назад
Exactly. It’s not Red vs Blue, it’s the 1% vs You! Just take a look at who the big corporations donate to- anyone who will take their money, doesn’t matter which party they are. It’s better to hedge your bets, and make sure you have the ear of whoever’s in power, so you get your way, either way. Most western countries aren’t democracies anymore, they’re oligarchies. And the US is the biggest example of that. (PS, vote Bernie Sanders- he’s good for the USA, but he’s also going to improve the world. Don’t underestimate how powerful the US is. If the US takes a Keynesian social democracy (FDR) direction, it’s far more likely that other western countries will follow suit. Also, he’ll step back on that while imperialism thing, which would directly benefit a whole lot of black and brown people all over the world, what with the fewer coups or bombs being dropped on them)
@katherinemorelle7115
@katherinemorelle7115 4 года назад
Edgardo X. Feliciano it’s not necessarily anarchist- it’s everything social democracy and leftward, which includes anarchists, but there’s a lot more to the populist/libertarian left than just anarchism. If you’re after a great anarchist thinker/voice though, I recommend Beau of the Fifth Column. Don’t judge him by his appearance. He might look and sound like a good ol southern boy, but he’s extremely well educated, and well spoken. I always appreciate his takes on things, even if I don’t always agree. Hell also be very happy to disabuse anyone of the notion that leftist = hates guns/wants them banned. It’s the one area where the horseshoe kinda applies. Leftists tend to support gun ownership. Liberals (who are centrists) are the ones who want more restrictions, and sometimes outright bans. I got way off topic, I just want people to give these ideologies that have been so maligned in our media a fair go. Anarchism isn’t about chaos- it’s about critiquing and removing *unjustified* hierarchies. It’s not lawlessness, it’s laws being based in the consensus of the people. Anarchy has gotten a really bad rap. So go listen to some anarchists*, you might be surprised at what you agree with. *note: “anarcho-capitalist” is an oxymoron. Capitalism is itself a hierarchy. You cannot be both an anarchist and a capitalist. Defeats the meaning of anarchism entirely.
@TheDjAiz3n
@TheDjAiz3n 4 года назад
You nailed it. it is the so-called "ruling class" vs "the people". This is why the MSM (Mainstream Media) is the ENEMY of the PEOPLE. The MSM (90% of media you see) is controlled by 6 multinational corporations now, those corporations are of course controlled by the self-proclaimed "elite". Find good sources, follow good, honest journalists, stop getting your information from MSM which is pure propaganda. Bernays is largely responsible for the propaganda age we find ourselves in. That man was VILE.
@brendav8973
@brendav8973 5 лет назад
Oof, this reminds me a lot of how social media is being used by companies right now. I remember being on Tumblr and Denny's gaining a presence. At the time it was kind of neat and different, but I'm surprised by how fast it caught on on Twitter with other companies "interacting" with each other and with consumers. No longer as professional entities on the internet but just your fellow online friend 😜
@elisdylan
@elisdylan 5 лет назад
Sarah Z did a great video on that called something like “The Late Capitalism Of Fast Food” and talked all about how Denny’s and Wendy’s all shifted to this quirky and fun online persona to sell their brand
@maggie1400ave
@maggie1400ave 5 лет назад
Elis Cliffe has I love her!
@debbieh7063
@debbieh7063 5 лет назад
Yeah, the Dennys Tumblr, I remember everyone was like "this joke account is p cool" because whoever was running the account was clearly aware of what people think of Dennys and didnt try to convince us it was actually something else. The account leaned into the reputation. Which is whatever. But now Wendy's is out there "throwing shade" and its like, we know it's constructed. And while it can be amusing to see these companies make a fake beef, you can't stop seeing the strings.
@spoon093
@spoon093 5 лет назад
@@elisdylan 😂beat me to it, its amazing
@beatricet7396
@beatricet7396 5 лет назад
I don't want to argue with Mr Bernays cause apparently he knows what he is talking about, but to me makes much more sense the idea that the addition of eggs in the cake batter sparked the sales because it gives the illusion of a more genuine and homemade food, instead of that Freudian nonsense 🙄 no? Too easy for the evil masterminds of marketing?
@feermartsant
@feermartsant 5 лет назад
Yeah, I thought that too, eggs make the instant cake look less synthetic/fake
@worldofthought8352
@worldofthought8352 5 лет назад
I think the egg thing is nonsense, back at the time of this people were still making their own food more then just buying a finished product (cake biscuits etc) The living wage wasn't too great so a lot of people in the west only bought what was needed (Even in U.S were it came out the strongest from the great war) Also there was a lot of people experienced in imagery advertisement (war bonds, political messages etc) and all knew power of imagery. Adding eggs gave a more 'homemade' and genuine appeal. It's no different to adding a old lady slowly baking pie on the cover of your product with homemade as a tag. It's all about saying that this product is quality and that you deserve such quality.
@dadgbe4834
@dadgbe4834 5 лет назад
god i know right
@coradyne
@coradyne 5 лет назад
I think that is the immediate connection, but if you go further you will ask "why is/was homemade preferable?". Given the fact that back then, there was almost zero concern about food being unhealthy, you have to admit that "homemade" is connected to the idea of home, home means family, family means mother or wife (the food provider). So yeah... as disturbing as this sounds, it might have some truth in it. I repeat, some.
@worldofthought8352
@worldofthought8352 5 лет назад
@@coradyne It does have a basis, families were more closely connected, to the point where family members would have the same jobs (most notably mining, mills and shipyard). One example of close knit communities would be 'Pal' recruitment regiments where entire towns saw young men (friends, brothers cousins of the same community) go together to fight. A defining example of this was the 'Accrington Pals' Of course the terrible side to that was entire communities of that town's generation were wiped out as they were in the same regiment. Regardless this was the kind of social bonding they had at the time and still after the great war. This does support your view on the view that 'home meaning family with the mother and father in highest regard' I think marketing has skewered the notion that women were the expected food provider as the husband did play a part in providing meal and support, with themselves being farmers, butchers etc (plus it was a social pass the time) But was replaced with this objectified appeal, added with classes above working that had servants do cooking for them. I do think the eggs meaning is still rubbish, all this was based and developed onward from an an imperfect theory of psychology. Every theory is imperfect looking at it from criminology each theory can be referred to as they give insight and perspective over a situation. However Freud's work can be contested and I argue one fault of the reasoning behind it is the research to understanding is entirely from a male perspective with some automatic assumptions and at times, second guessing women.
@persephonel2117
@persephonel2117 5 лет назад
This really makes you question all these corporations and companies using social justice topics to sell their products huh? Learning about Bernays has caused me to question every single message of every movie and advertisement I ever watch, I always see the underlying angle being pushed. Once you learn the ways the do it, it’s so easy to spot. His influence was the beginning of the end of western society in my opinion, now here we are just a bunch of individualized consumers driven by our meaningless desires with no purpose greater than crafting our image with the newest material good. Instead of pondering the greater questions of the universe, we are pondering which color way of the new iPhone would best represent our unique personality. This obviously paved the way for social media and it’s negative impacts as well... it’s so gross. This whole system is just gross. Makes me want to move to the top of some mountain and survive off the land. :/
@angelshairpiano
@angelshairpiano 5 лет назад
Your first point relates to a phenomena called commodity activism. There’s a book written about it if I’m not mistaken.
@thedarkphoenix1640
@thedarkphoenix1640 5 лет назад
@@angelshairpiano What's the name of the book?
@angelshairpiano
@angelshairpiano 5 лет назад
TheDarkPhoenix16 Commodity Activism: Cultural Resistance in Neoliberal Times
@Gr95dc
@Gr95dc 4 года назад
I feel the same way, the society today is so individualized and so focused in consumerism is just really depressing and gross :(
4 года назад
I've always felt they're full of shit
@daisy-wt9pd
@daisy-wt9pd 5 лет назад
This applies to companies expanding their shade range or including poc in their advertisement, because at the end they do not care about poc. Also companies selling “girl power” shirts, and advertising mental health awareness.
@elenapopovic6261
@elenapopovic6261 4 года назад
@@kimjunjae what a hateful and ignorant statement. Being asked to be treated equally isn't terrorism...
@laurajanakatja123
@laurajanakatja123 5 лет назад
Did Roosevelt just said "dab on them haters" in an older language?? 🤔
@kamaraalya7607
@kamaraalya7607 5 лет назад
A statement with timeless meaning 😂
@LukeAlexander
@LukeAlexander 5 лет назад
Wow this was so interesting, I often think about all the propaganda around the animal agriculture industry like how the cancer council will do studies funded by the meat and diary industry to show they’re healthy but then also label red meat as a carsinogen
@krazyk931
@krazyk931 5 лет назад
So much money in the meat and dairy industry, so easy for them to manipulate information or shove it under a rug. We've become ruled by money a construct we created while people suffer and the world suffers. Humans are so weird.
@SmileyEssie
@SmileyEssie 5 лет назад
TIFFANY UPLOADS *DROPS EVERYTHING*
@Awseswa
@Awseswa 5 лет назад
this was SOOO interesting. You should 100% make more videos like this one going into depth about social issues and politics :)
@leuvenfra
@leuvenfra 5 лет назад
I don't know if enough people tell you this but you are SO pretty and SO smart! I love these videos
@soccerruben1
@soccerruben1 5 лет назад
Love this video, Tiffany! As a Sociology major going into his final year at college, I could see the role of socialization at a larger scale, how power and inequality especially was perpetuated, and how the guy you mentioned was using psychology to "manufacture consent" towards the masses. To your point about how FDR was a true populist, I couldn't agree more. How the he managed to challenge Big Business by instituting programs like the New Deal, which alleviated many out of an economic rut. It reminds of how modern-day FDR's like Bernie Sanders and AOC, really are changing whom the government should be working for (for all of us, not just the wealthy and powerful), and how they don't accept a nickle from corporations.
@katebogdan5322
@katebogdan5322 5 лет назад
These videos feel like mini-lectures from a really good and fun professor, please never stop making these!!
@ellecruz-krause7552
@ellecruz-krause7552 5 лет назад
I'm still a pretty new subscriber but I love binging all of your videos. You do such a good job explaining things and giving such good analysis.
@sassasdfghjkl
@sassasdfghjkl 5 лет назад
I just started reading the book Brave New World and so far it has lots of overlap with this topic. In the book they talk about how they create societal stability by making sure the public has whatever they want to make them happy (distractions), and how they are fed propaganda from birth to make them consume certain products. Slogans are repeated to the children until they become "wisdom" (kind of like the "when companies prosper you prosper" thing you mentioned). Kind of interesting to think about how many ads we've all been exposed to since birth and how this shapes our view of the world. Not just ads but also political and social ideas as well.
@1okie908
@1okie908 5 лет назад
The author of Brave New World was inspired by a trip to America, he was shocked by the hyper-capitalistic society so decided to right a 'near future' novel
@thedarkphoenix1640
@thedarkphoenix1640 5 лет назад
@@1okie908 Where's the author from?
@Kelly-vv8nd
@Kelly-vv8nd 5 лет назад
"Deadly Spin" is a book by a former health insurance PR maven. He discusses Bernays and PR and how it is used in healthcare with insurance and pharmaceuticals. Really eye-opening.
@notblond5094
@notblond5094 5 лет назад
The moment you mentioned Freud, you just KNOW you're in for a ride. X,D I absolutely LOOOOOOOOVED this video! It's cool you use what you've learned in class and bring it to us. So appreciated!
@disturbthepianist
@disturbthepianist 5 лет назад
As always, MEGA interesting video! Love and appreciate all the work you put in
@erynnsmith8894
@erynnsmith8894 4 года назад
I love this video, I'm a PR major and find it so interesting how some people look at PR as a good thing but in reality we're just working to persuade the public to share the same beliefs as our client no matter what.
@danaroth598
@danaroth598 5 лет назад
The funny thing about the cake mix story is that probably the real explanation is nothing Freudian at all - people often avoid obviously industrialized foods when they can afford to because the lack of fresh ingredients makes us worried that it won’t be healthy/fresh/etc.
@juliaamundson3778
@juliaamundson3778 5 лет назад
Ok honestly your passion for topics u care about makes me want to go change the world and get woke thank u tiffany always keep doing u my dude :))
@raventrunite6459
@raventrunite6459 5 лет назад
just a note, before we shout out FDR lmao, populism isn't exactly about being 'for the people', it's more just pursuing a political strategy that frames a given issue as being 'the people vs the elites', striving to appeal to ordinary people. FDR was born into an extremely wealthy family and went to Harvard. it's less about advocating for the people, and more about manipulating political debate to frame yourself as an every-man, even when you yourself are an elite (kind of like trump's strategy)
@Robin-lf1gt
@Robin-lf1gt 5 лет назад
You're right to a certain extent. Yes FDR was born into a wealthy family but he often advocated and passed policies against his own interests. Policies that benefitted the the average American and not himself that's why I would considered him for the people.
@emilyb.8219
@emilyb.8219 5 лет назад
FDR actually walked the walk too, though. Whereas Trump blathers on about being for the everyday person when it couldn't be further from the truth with the policies he endorses.
@JohnNovakovich
@JohnNovakovich 5 лет назад
No one chooses how they're born. To imply that someone born rich can't genuinely want to elevate the common person, even at the expense of themselves without an ulterior motive that would secretly increase said rich person's own status in society is an obvious oversimplification. The world is much more complicated than that. Interestingly enough, people have no trouble understanding this when consuming fiction (Tyrion and Jaime Lannister), but as soon as we discuss real people the popular sentiment is "oh, ALL these people are only one thing and that thing is bad".
@patriciomejia1114
@patriciomejia1114 4 года назад
"This is business, baby. Who cares about morals?" Died laughing
@kedeeky
@kedeeky 5 лет назад
Girl...you hit the nail on the head when you said in the beginning how most of us don’t graduate high school and finish college “normally”. I was foolish enough to think that was how my life would be, took me 8 years and 3 different schools to get one degree 😂😂. I’m excited for your Amino series!
@Meem444
@Meem444 5 лет назад
These videos that you make about the internet are AMAZING girl keep goin
@user-dq4vt6ox1c
@user-dq4vt6ox1c 5 лет назад
Every point you make, I'm automatically thinking of how it worked in that fiasco Fyre Festival.
@danamuller5016
@danamuller5016 5 лет назад
What happened at the Festival
@user-dq4vt6ox1c
@user-dq4vt6ox1c 5 лет назад
@@danamuller5016 Schadenfreude, sweet sweet schadenfreude.
@danamuller5016
@danamuller5016 5 лет назад
@@user-dq4vt6ox1c ugh i Google it now
@whatthehellisthis
@whatthehellisthis 5 лет назад
Dana Müller it was a fake music festival, and guy who started it has since been arrested
@egge6142
@egge6142 5 лет назад
this is literally THE most interesting video i’ve watched...
@YoSamdySam
@YoSamdySam 5 лет назад
Great video but the bacon and eggs example is not the entire picture. Victorians in Britain had been eating primarily meat for breakfast throughout the 19th century and the advent of "breakfast" cereal was heavily linked to 7th day Adventists and the idea that meat is sinful (as well as the much lower cost of oats). There are far more examples of much less healthier food being promoted throughout the 20th century (sugar as appetite suppressant?!), hydrogenated fats, the whole Angel Keys debacle and the invention of the "Mediterranean" diet for American nutritional purposes. All of this "science" was fuelled by the same forces as you mention. Anyway, nice video, just felt the need to be pedantic on this matter 😃
@YoSamdySam
@YoSamdySam 5 лет назад
I commented before you mentioned you are vegan so ok I see why you used that example... 😆
@xoxo420xoxo69
@xoxo420xoxo69 5 лет назад
As someone who works in marketing today, and who studied PR, rhetoric and mass communication, I loved this video a lot. Keep doing what you’re doing.
@bwertyc
@bwertyc 5 лет назад
When you edited in that zoom for “The Elites”... I felt that.
@cockatooinsunglasses7492
@cockatooinsunglasses7492 5 лет назад
Great books to read on this subject: Manufacturing Consent by Noam Chomsky Dumbing Us Down by John Taylor Gatto How Propaganda Works by Jason Stanley Crystallizing Public Opinion by Edward Bernays Age of Propaganda by Anthony Pratkanis (Let me know if there are any good ones I missed)
@llanetr.4773
@llanetr.4773 5 лет назад
Thank you.
@laurabrooks8824
@laurabrooks8824 5 лет назад
It's refreshing to see an intelligent young woman with good values sharing her knowledge in a positive fashion. I really enjoy your vids. Keep up the good work.
@emilyhemphill2911
@emilyhemphill2911 5 лет назад
I love these videos!! I'm a history major and I'm kind of shocked I've never heard of this guy - but now I feel 10x more informed when it comes to my understanding of modern history. Not sure what your career goals/plans are but I can see you so easily as like... a professor of media studies or something. I'm honestly kind of shocked that you're not a master's or PhD student tbh. The enthusiasm you have for the topics you talk about, the research you do, the knowledge you have, etc make your internet analysis videos some of the most interesting, most engaging, and most informative content on youtube right now.
@sereneholsclaw
@sereneholsclaw 5 лет назад
I thoroughly enjoyed hearing your thoughts on edward bernays. i just learned about him in my public relations class. i really struggled with the ethics of propaganda (even/especially in the form of advertising) but didn't know how to really articulate what I was feeling. it's weird to learn about public relations in a setting where, the more you learn about it and how messed up it can be, you are supposed to be seemingly okay with it? i'm so glad that you made this video, really. amazing series.
@n8i6
@n8i6 5 лет назад
I'm so happy that you talk about Bernays I have watched the century of the self like 2 years ago bc a teacher recommended it to me and I still think about it to this day It feels like many people don't have any idea about how they are influenced/ persuaded/ manipulated to buy things and I mean I can't blame them without the documentary I would also have no idea but that's why I feel like it should be discussed more and perhaps even be a topic in school to some degree at least. Love your videos!! :)
@Quarter_Turn
@Quarter_Turn 5 лет назад
This is very timely, since Bernie just shared that FDR quote in his FANTASTIC speech last week.
@karenbc1492
@karenbc1492 5 лет назад
As someone that works in Marketing and even in my years of study the mantra was "satisfy the consumers needs" but I totally agree that most of the times what we call "needs" come from a deeper problem in society, loved the series have been whatching you since almost the beginning 😄greetings from France ;)
@dianalopez5168
@dianalopez5168 5 лет назад
Holy... Yikes! In Mexico we have the idea of eating together, the whole family, and all that jazz because of Coca-Cola, and when you're eating alone, far from home because of college, you buy a Coke just for the sake of that memory 😐 this serie gives me life! 🙌🏽♥️🤗 Lol sorry if I wrote it wrong 😅
@humanity_bear
@humanity_bear 5 лет назад
I also just learned about Bernays in my rhetoric lecture! I'm studying in Germany and we focus on rhetoric, the art of public speaking, persuasion and things like that! We talked about Propaganda and rhetoric and its similarities and differences. Really interesting and well ... then Bernays came up! Ha! So interesting, PR is just "public information", right? This man really got into peoples heads, just like getting women to smoke to help out the whole cigarette industrie under the light of " equality" ... ahhhh, this guy! Thanks soooo much for this video! Just what I need to study for my exam on that lecture in a month! Media studies and rhetorics have so much in common, I love it! XoXo from Germany
@akcashmer
@akcashmer 5 лет назад
I studied PR at my university for a year and a half before changing my major to secondary education. The work in PR was "fun" (creative and kept me thinking on my feet) but my entire time in the program felt like a psychological tug of war. I liked the challenge, but I found the whole practice to be slimy. I didn't feel like I would actually be doing anyone any good through this profession, and rather a career based on manipulation.
@ferel8077
@ferel8077 5 лет назад
i study international relations and this is honestly very helpful as it also mentions power and maintaining status quo, big thumbs up for u. if only all my classes were like this id be happy to listen and learn and study, but knowing dirty and shady things about something that surrounds us sometimes makes me mad. thank u im receiving more braincells today 💖💖
@thesecretreader
@thesecretreader 5 лет назад
If everyone just watched your "Internet Analysis" videos, I think we'd live in a better society than we do now. I truly admire the thought and dedication you put in each and every video, and I always walk away from them knowing more about a topic I did or didn't know about before. Keep doing what you're doing Tiffany!
@rosajiyan2204
@rosajiyan2204 5 лет назад
you are SO intelligent I‘m impressed every single time
@lvsmagic
@lvsmagic 5 лет назад
The thing about the eggs in the cake mix is hilarious. Before adding fresh eggs the cake mix had dried eggs incorporated in it, which, unsurprisingly, didn't taste great. Adding fresh eggs simply made the product better, not because women were finding a deep seeded satisfaction in using eggs, but the product just tasted better and I do think they was an underlying of the women enjoying feeling like they were "baking" versus just adding water to powder. But good ole Freud, bringing everything back to the woman's desire to be mothers and nothing else lol.
@Jalentheuntold
@Jalentheuntold 4 года назад
Glad u did this video. I have a PR degree and I'm currently in grad school in strat comm (same thing) and they never fully go into details about all the fun facts. It's something you kinda have to research on your own but you explain it well.
@annea5063
@annea5063 5 лет назад
This is definitely my FAVOURITE Internet Analysis video! It's definitely a little different from your other videos (more history and media theory) but I LOVE IT and how you connected it to more recent advertising campaigns *cough* Pepsi feat. Kendall Jenner *cough*
@dp9828
@dp9828 5 лет назад
Loving the intellectual side to RU-vid
@TheWonderGirl23
@TheWonderGirl23 5 лет назад
Love it! I also graduated as a journalism major you should make a part two to this video. The current era of propaganda known as public relations and mass media and how politics is labeling propaganda in this current climate. Talk about different news biases from print, bloggers, bloggers, media, and social media.
@lindslay5748
@lindslay5748 5 лет назад
i'm a mass comm major and I love this! I wanted to make a PR video about Jaclyn Hill and this is great inspo thank you! Been watching you for years... senior in college now! much love xoxo
@larisa9643
@larisa9643 5 лет назад
These series are my favourite!! You explain it very well and I’m not a native English speaker but I can understand it very clearly and I enjoy it so much! Keep up the good work xxx
@That_One_Xatu
@That_One_Xatu 5 лет назад
Definitely fascinating, but Freudian psychology makes my skin crawl, specifically in the way it looks at women... Also, wait. So if cigarettes were targeted towards women with the idea that they would empower them because of their subconscious connection with to male gentialia (because phallus = power, "naturally"), does that mean men who smoke cigarettes are GAY??? The rumor come out.
@llanetr.4773
@llanetr.4773 5 лет назад
Yeah, Freudian psychology feels slimy, paternalistic, condescending and unhealthily obsessed with sex... More or less a reflection of his era.
@ringlófa
@ringlófa 5 лет назад
Thank you so so much for this video, Tiffany, I learned a lot! I think it was Earnest Elmo Calkins who once wrote that there are two kinds of products: the kind that you use (washing machine, cars, clothes etc.) and the kind that you use up (cigarettes, supplies, food etc.). Companies' goal is to make you treat the products that you use as those that you use up.
@syrin0x
@syrin0x 5 лет назад
Took public relations after finishing my undergrad to specialize further. It's important to note that PR is trying to shed this idea that it's meant to influence people. Public relations is highly aligned with media studies and communications now, relies a lot of surveys, public opinion polls etc. PR that influencers receive is NOT PR, that's just a gift. It has been falsely labeled as PR and the nickname just hasn't been dropped. It's not about influencing, it's about getting the message out there. Gotta keep doing your research rather than smearing a whole career area that you're kind of also apart of.
@alwayslaughingalways2278
@alwayslaughingalways2278 5 лет назад
I love this! The more you learn about this kind of stuff, the more you realize how much thought is behind every product -- especially in modern society.
@sumdayzzz
@sumdayzzz 5 лет назад
As a PR student.....I’m ready for this lmaooo
@StaticLines
@StaticLines 5 лет назад
thanks for talking about this!! i was chatting about it with my coworkers and i thought i'd love to learn more but this is so much more easy to digest and understand.
@itssangiex
@itssangiex 5 лет назад
Wow I had no idea about any of this and I just loved it!! Keep doing this series, it's just amazing and it should become a Netflix show lmao
@creatrixZBD
@creatrixZBD 5 лет назад
All through your intro I was going " it's gunna be Bernays, she's talking about Bernays..." and BAM . Straight to the root, no one understands me when I talk about this stuff.. nice one 👍🏼💜
@angharadwillis4471
@angharadwillis4471 3 года назад
the Betty Crocker campaign was actually Ernest Dichter, it's often incorrectly credited to Bernays as they were both the top dogs during the 50s! (it's also explained in Part 2 of Century of The Self too!)
@amaracatelyne992
@amaracatelyne992 5 лет назад
Tiffany! You should totally watch Manhunt; The Unabomer on Netflix. It is a movie documentary about Ted Kaczynski, his manifesto and how the FBI caught him. It also goes into why he wrote his manifesto, the thought process behind it all and why he murdered people the way he did. It's extremely fascinating, especially if you are into analyzing people, propaganda, society and how we have become so dependent on technology!
@heyna135
@heyna135 5 лет назад
Amara Catelyne YESS omgg. The forensic linguistics aspect is what initially interested me but damn. It was very eye opening when it comes to the society we live in.
@amaracatelyne992
@amaracatelyne992 5 лет назад
Heyna M Totally! The forensic linguistics part of the show is also incredible, I think it is what makes the show so intriguing. Ooo also if you liked manhunt you should totally watch The Big short (on Netflix). The Big short is a movie documentary about the housing crisis, fraud in big banks and the economic collapse of 2007. It is a bit difficult to follow but definitely worth watching.
@heyna135
@heyna135 5 лет назад
Amara Catelyne omg thank you. I will definitely give this a try
@amaracatelyne992
@amaracatelyne992 5 лет назад
Heyna M my pleasure! I hope you like it xx
@mahnoorshah1443
@mahnoorshah1443 4 года назад
I love how we all think our choices are independent but really there is so much subliminal advertisement. Lately, I've tried to only purchase something if I actually need it/use it. Thank you so much for this analysis! I absolutely love hearing about your lectures in university.
@zoecollums5112
@zoecollums5112 5 лет назад
Whenever you do the extra clips where you use the computer camera and the audio changes it sounds like the narration in museums on the televisions in the exhibits and it makes me feel oddly at peace (in the most not weird way possible...)
@danim7389
@danim7389 Год назад
Watching this post "pandemic" I can imagine you had a field day watching the engineering of consent: fear, duty, desire for 'freedom', fear of ostracism etc. The book that blee my mind when I had just left school was Brave New World Revisited, by Aldous Huxley. It was a non-fiction review of how much faster things had been progressing than he had imagined when he wrote the first book. Propaganda was not a small part of it. Very worth the read.
@Leoninmiami
@Leoninmiami 4 года назад
I ran into that series some years ago at 11:30 PM ... needless to say I did not go to bed that night! My life has never been the same. I'm not sure its been for the better.
@ToriH
@ToriH 4 года назад
The so-called "fat acceptance" movement adopted by apparel brands totally has the same intentions.
@brooklynrichy9246
@brooklynrichy9246 4 года назад
I LOVE Fahrenheit 451! I really have gained a new perspective on life because of that book. So moving!
@officialnyasa
@officialnyasa 5 лет назад
Freud literally is the worst lmao
@flowergirl5336
@flowergirl5336 5 лет назад
Tooba Hussain why
@arielleforbes5549
@arielleforbes5549 5 лет назад
@@flowergirl5336 some of theories were kinda ridiculous and made it seem as if women were pressed on becoming men
@mylovechoerry2233
@mylovechoerry2233 5 лет назад
@@arielleforbes5549 that the éducation give to women at that time who make them like that (sorry for my bad english )
@emilyb.8219
@emilyb.8219 5 лет назад
I don't know that he was completely wrong on all this ideas though. Men really do seem to have a preoccupation with size.
@karisap
@karisap 4 года назад
Totally agree, hated learning about him in psychology. I can hardly believe he got so popular.
@amccfischer
@amccfischer 4 года назад
I really like how you show that propaganda can be a positive force in a country/region/the world. Propaganda has an inherent negative connotation while the simple definition expresses the simple desire to disseminate biased information. This biased information can be a socially acceptable point of view. Great job!
@benji_kay
@benji_kay 5 лет назад
'The Engineering of Consent' by Edward Bernay sounds a lot like 'Manufacturing Consent' by Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky
@llanetr.4773
@llanetr.4773 5 лет назад
I thought Herman and Chomsky were referencing Bernay.
@Jen18812
@Jen18812 5 лет назад
This is both fascinating and terrifying. I'm about to graduate with a counseling masters and have studied Freud extensively as you can imagine. Safe to say after watching this video my mind is blown.
@leejasmin945
@leejasmin945 4 года назад
I was watching your most recent videos and then came across this one where you said you were a media studies major and it clicked! I have a Bachelor of Media and Communications (graduated in 2017) and it all makes sense to me 😜 also though damn some of the units are a waste of time and others are bang on amazing! Wonder what your experience has been like so far
@leejasmin945
@leejasmin945 4 года назад
Part of what I meant to say is i LOVE the internet analysis series ❤️ the topics you are covering are so similar to the topics I did back at uni
@nousernamesarevalid
@nousernamesarevalid 5 лет назад
This is a fascinating topic. Its interesting how many people today are trying to pare things back because their possessions have so much power over them. More videos like this is cool with me!
@hobbitandginger
@hobbitandginger 5 лет назад
Wow love this! Love learning through you :) I’ve been thinking about this a lot. The amount of privilege and training the elite, royal, and wealthy receive upon birth in how they are trained to view the world. They are receive so much one on one guided teaching. The internet opens up collective knowledge and conscious to the world... but dude we haven’t evolved fast enough to download all that knowledge (maybe the generation of babies swiping on iPads?) but all throughout history people have transferred knowledge through teachers and mentor ship relationships . How we learn is changing. Our awareness level is rising. Love 🤘🏻
@andreeliasthomas
@andreeliasthomas 5 лет назад
I really love your internet analysis videos. Hope you will reach 1M soon. 😍😍😍
@hamilcross
@hamilcross 5 лет назад
Super late to this but found your video on MLMs and immediately subscribed. I’m in a sorority and have gotten contacted by other women, all of whom are in other sororities or not in any at all, targeting me and other college aged women. I’ve always seen it for what it is. BUT this video in especially eye catching to me as a Journalism and Media Studies Major. I’ve had to grapple with my own moral and ethical ideals because of all the courses I’ve taken, and I’ve been taking more and more in PR. I think there’s a way to choose the work that aligns with your beliefs, but it’s never something I want to lean too far into just because of all the case studies I’ve had to look through. You’ve earned a subscriber! Keep up the great work. ❤️
@sarahpeters3289
@sarahpeters3289 4 года назад
To add to your point about making industrial things more personal, in our art class, we were learning of the first industrial art marketing. A fun fact that is "cool" about it like, the reason that most older brands have mascots is to replace the human connections (family farms, products from people to people vs industrial products).
@sophiaroberts3523
@sophiaroberts3523 4 года назад
The point you make around 13:00 is really cool to me because I’m in an AP Modern World History class and we learned that some old empires would give the lower class citizens wine and bread. They would do this to 1. look good and 2. get them just drunk enough that they don’t care and can’t possibly overthrow the government. There are so many common themes through history!
@winterburden
@winterburden 5 лет назад
I recently got an electric kazoo. I feel like this was probably a desire rather than a need. I wonder if I was manipulated 😮
@kamaraalya7607
@kamaraalya7607 5 лет назад
I didn't even know electric kazoos were a thing lol
@factsandlogic.8762
@factsandlogic.8762 4 года назад
no, electric kazoos are an absolute necessity
@elinat2414
@elinat2414 3 года назад
Loved the video...but just wanted to make a point and add some nuance regarding the time before Bernays. I wouldn’t say he invented the idea of attaching feelings to products in advertising. In Europe, this existed for centuries beforehand. For example, in the 18th century, Diderot described the feeling of wealth, luxury and self-esteem he had after purchasing a particularly fine nightgown. Fast forward to the early 1900s and you had beautiful chorus girls and fictional illustrators of Gibson Girls advertising everything from soap, to hair products to beauty creams. Fact is, cultures throughout history attached feelings, dreams and aspirations to certain items. Bernays was a pioneer because he articulated this in a very phsycho-focused, systematic way. And utilised the mass media of the day to the fullest in carrying across his messages to the masses. While in the past, you might have a very enthusiastic salesman convincing you to buy his products at a market, in the time of Bernays now, you have the ability to carry those messages far and wide.
@cookiecami18
@cookiecami18 4 года назад
I'm obsessed with the quality of your videos. This was a full on college lecture and I'm here for it.
@aysekara527
@aysekara527 4 года назад
this needs to be taught in schools. I think materialism is such a big problem, so thank you Tiffany for raising some awareness. Greetings from Germany and stay healthy during this pandemic pls
@jiminimoon
@jiminimoon 5 лет назад
I literally have no words, this is just amazing, good work for the video, it really makes me happy when I came to youtube and see creators like you, REALLY hoping for the best for you and your channel! 💜💜💜
@Grapejuice111
@Grapejuice111 5 лет назад
YESSS TIFF! coming back with another banger vid. this could not have come at a better time. I feel like my thoughts are so in sync with yours, it’s so weird. I’m wrapping up a summer class on rhetoric, propaganda and the abuse of persuasive power! it’s insane how easy it is to manipulate the human psyche and train them to buy something to fulfill an insecurity. it’s maddening! our country thrives off of our doubts and low self esteem.
@tarotoffire7070
@tarotoffire7070 4 года назад
Excellent video! This is the 2nd time I've heard about Century of the self, so I'm going to go watch it. Thanks for talking about this cool documentary and the evils of PR, and mentioning Pride month and how corporations get really icky during it.
@jaygarcia6338
@jaygarcia6338 5 лет назад
this video had me glued to the screen the entire time. i think im in love.
@user-ok2cd7et4n
@user-ok2cd7et4n 2 года назад
This one is still my favorite! Recommended this video to sooo many friends. Thank you for such an amazing job. *small additional feedback: videos with historical references are the most informative to my mind
@anandviswanathan4625
@anandviswanathan4625 2 года назад
I have watched many of your videos recently. This video is extremely informative and explains the roots of consumerism that has become ubiquitous. As a vegan myself, It is sad to learn how quickly people bought into the bacon and eggs idea and the meat consumption has sky rocketed leading to terrible factory farming practices. Good content.
@mediocre_violist
@mediocre_violist 5 лет назад
I'm one minute in and I already know this is going to be an awesome video. Your content is always super well presented and researched, keep it up! Edit: I remember hearing about the "Just add an egg!" story and thinking it was so bizarre but also understanding why it worked. Now that I've heard the story behind the guy who said it I'm even more wary of marketing campaigns like this.
@ianaspages
@ianaspages 5 лет назад
Thank u for this!! One of my fav youtubers! ❤️
@CallMeJellybaby
@CallMeJellybaby 4 года назад
The thing about the cake mix, is there is a study that came up with the idea of the Ikea Effect, it states that people like things that they put their effect into. You put your own chair from ikea together and you like it a lot more than one you buy put together. You put a few ingredients together and you like your cakes a lot more.
@Alexa-lu3oo
@Alexa-lu3oo 5 лет назад
This is definitely my favorite episode of internet analysis so far. So informative and intriguing!
@joeyli6579
@joeyli6579 4 года назад
so many people would find this boring but i relate COMPLETELY every time she says the word fascinating
@TheRisingMiles
@TheRisingMiles 5 лет назад
I'm a guy. I watch your videos. They are good. I've been subscribed since when you were making videos with getting a job advice. Thanks
@casper1754
@casper1754 5 лет назад
@@Retrosenescent Maybe he's proud that he, a man, is listening to what a woman says lol
@nomi8380
@nomi8380 5 лет назад
Every time I watch your new Internet Analysis videos I feel a little bit smarter
Далее
Ukraine: From Propaganda to Reality
57:36
Просмотров 129 тыс.
Should YouTubers Quit Their Day Jobs?
35:41
Просмотров 592 тыс.
Plastic Surgery vs Natural Beauty | Middle Ground
53:39
The MLM "Girl Boss" Narrative is a Lie
30:07
Просмотров 1,2 млн
Edward L. Bernays interview, 1986-10-23
34:13
Просмотров 65 тыс.
Trisha Paytas' Poetry is WEIRD
37:44
Просмотров 415 тыс.