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What is Patiala Gharana?
The Patiala gharana (Hindi: पटियाला घराना), is one of the gharanas of vocal Hindustani classical music, named after the city of Patiala, India. It was founded in the mid to late 19th century by Mian Kallu (also known as Kalu-miya Khan), a sārangi player of the Jaipur durbar. He received his musical training from the last Mughal king Bahadur Shah Zafar’s court musician Mir Qutub Bakhsh ‘Tanras’ Khan (Delhi gharana) and went on to become the court musician to the Maharaja of Patiala. Eventually, the mantle was passed on to his son, ‘General’ Ali Baksh Khan and his close friend ‘Colonel’ Fateh Ali Khan, both of whom became court musicians in the court of Maharaja Rajinder Singh. The titles of 'general' and 'colonel' of music were bestowed upon them by the Victor Alexander Bruce, the 9th Earl of Elgin, after the duo had enthralled him with their performance. The duo was popularly referred to as ‘Ali-a-Fattu ki Jodi’. Although the Patiala gharana was originally founded by Mian Kallu, it is widely acknowledged that it was Ali Baksh Khan and Fateh Ali Khan who popularised the Patiala tradition of singing and brought it acclaim and attention across the subcontinent.
The Patiala gharana was inspired from and influenced by four musical gharanas - Dehli, Gawaliar, Riva, and Jaipur, and it is particularly noted for its ghazal, thumri, and khayal styles of singing. The most influential and well known exponent of the Patiala gharana is Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan. In the latter half of the 20th century, the Patiala style of khayal singing took on two distinct forms. One form gave the music world, Ustad Amanat Ali Khan (1932-1974) and Ustad Fateh Ali Khan (1935-2017). The other, originating from Kasur, produced Bade Ghulam Ali Khan (1902-1968) and his brother Barkat Ali Khan (1907-1963)
16 сен 2024
