Roger Penrose - Did the Universe Begin?

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Some scientists claim that the universe did not have a beginning. Some theologians contend that the universe did not need a beginning. Yet the universe is expanding, and so run the movie in reverse and there seems to be a beginning. What stakes are riding on whether the universe had a beginning?
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Sir Roger Penrose is an English mathematical physicist, recreational mathematician and philosopher. He is the Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford, as well as an Emeritus Fellow of Wadham College.
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Closer To Truth, hosted by Robert Lawrence Kuhn and directed by Peter Getzels, presents the world’s greatest thinkers exploring humanity’s deepest questions. Discover fundamental issues of existence. Engage new and diverse ways of thinking. Appreciate intense debates. Share your own opinions. Seek your own answers.

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25 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 730

@andrewmasterman2034 3 месяца назад

Of all the truly commendable academics and philosophers that this channel has introduced me to, sir Roger strikes me as the most effective in the sense that he appears to stringently uphold the values and requirements of good science whilst also allowing himself to extend the reaches of what he’s willing to postulate.

@SamoaVsEverybody814 3 месяца назад

Which is exactly what Einstein described as good science; going to the outer reaches of what's known, then extending it a touch further (paraphrasing)

@falsificationism 3 месяца назад

concur

@jdavidkatz Месяц назад

His "aeon" theory is nothing more than the very ancient "turtles all the way down" phenomenon. It's not science. It's laughable on its face. What is driving these processes? How did they come into being? Did they pop out of nothing? Have they been going on "forever"? It's all utter nonsense.

@siegfriedvaz 2 месяца назад

"Beginning" is a concept intrinsic to the time factor.

@andrewmasterman2034 2 месяца назад

Yup, as is the conecept of an end or any measurable point in between.

@nickb220 2 месяца назад

indubitably

@uniplan2 Месяц назад

exactly. It is the concept of time that seems to confound all these explanations. If science could explain the concept of time I think that would be awesome

@topotheleague 2 месяца назад

Keep the camera still! I feel nauseous.

@leeofallon9258 3 месяца назад

The JWT forces us to appreciate how little we know about that which we love to speculate endlessly ...

@SqueakyChase 2 месяца назад

For us to explain the beginning of the universe is like a blind person, who has never had eyesight, describing the color 'green'. If we were equally as blind, the discussion would seem a waste of time to many but some might find comfort in believing that they understand the color green.

@kidmohair8151 3 месяца назад

whose idea was it to employ the sea sick camera?

@OutHereOnTheFlats 3 месяца назад

its terrible - i couldn't😮 watch - just had to listen

@smokie01uk 3 месяца назад

I got a minute into the video n had to stop. Only here to search for other comments that noticed to 😂😂

@KamramBehzad 2 месяца назад

Hmmm. Did not notice it until you pointed it out. Interesting.

@kidmohair8151 2 месяца назад

@@KamramBehzad maybe it's an age specific thing. I'm old.

@2x3x7 Месяц назад

Incredibly distracting, I had to stop as well

@personanongrata6249 3 месяца назад

That first paragraph of that famous book. Just keeps getting more & more curious to me.

@CameraNostalgiaClub 3 месяца назад

How does it go?

@taniasara7558 3 месяца назад

Thank you very much for the video. "Wonderful reality" so far ❤❤

@donaldkasper8346 2 месяца назад

Really? I feel like a WWII prisoner of war in Germany, lined up against a wall and machine gunned with infinity declarations to explain everything. All of his collapses of logic come from that use. For example, nothing means no mass and no energy and no other particle existence, so how does nothing become something? This proposes for example that nothing is unstable. Then he adds that existence is unstable. Well okay, make something from nothing in a lab and then turn it back into nothing if this is the case. Second, cycling existence does not answer how the first existence from nothing got here. Einsteins relativity says a particle in motion is energy, and so it would have a frequency, but a mass at rest doesn't. So his equivalences were false. Lastly, how motion exists is not explained by such a model. Motion relates to time, not mass. We grab masses to study motion to get units of time, but time is motion, not mass.

@SamoaVsEverybody814 3 месяца назад

Sir Roger talking about discussing the Steady State Model with his mates at University feels like a time capsule 😂

@r2c3 3 месяца назад

when searching the space for galaxies and stars we are actually seeing only the galactic structures that have existed during the time segment (temporal frame) that matches our distance from them... we can't observe younger or older star structures beyond that window of possibility... so, what we see in the most remote corners of the universe is not the complete picture but rather one segment of existence during which light has traveled and has reached us in the present... also, recently universe is thought to have diferent rates of expansion in different directions 🤔

@amraly9640 3 месяца назад

Please don't write about science again. What the hell? !!! 😂😂 All what you just said is that we are looking into the past.

@r2c3 3 месяца назад

@@amraly9640 not exactly... you have to use your own understanding more often... what I'm saying is that watching a video of your own birthday party, says nothing about how you were born and what caused you to sing your favorite song... that's all...

@r2c3 3 месяца назад

@NafeDev-yo4lo that's exactly the point...

@jago76 3 месяца назад

It's the old philosophical question of the "First Cause". At this point, it's clearly beyond human understanding.

@Bobalicious 3 месяца назад

'First Cause' seems to me a problem for a child's mind.

@jago76 3 месяца назад

Read a littke pholosophy, if you have an open mind. Otherwise, gfoodbye.@@Bobalicious

@genghisthegreat2034 3 месяца назад

@@Bobalicious and yet great philosophers have debated that question, and thought deeply upon it, despite no longer being adequately equipped with a child's mind.

@tonyatkinson2210 3 месяца назад

So far … we may one day discover it

@PeterS123101 2 месяца назад

The alternative is a universe with a infinite past.

@metaldisciple 3 месяца назад

Yes

@glacieractivity 3 месяца назад

Thank you for providing the correct answer.

@brianwilson7624 3 месяца назад

People are not thinking about the problem correctly. The question is: Is the natural state of the universe "something" or "nothing". And to that I think we can say with 100% certainty that we've really never had any good evidence for nothing. Even if you did assume time began at the big bang that means the variables that allow for time to come into existence existed and however material or immaterial those variables are - They are not nothing if they are required for everything.

@willdoe7681 3 месяца назад

Exactly. Or to elaborate. Nothing can emerge from nothing because nothing has nothing to act upon. We exist therefore existence is the default state. What is always was and always will be in one form or another.

@por4atko 3 месяца назад

We only wish that was the case. In truth science knows with a pretty big certainty that we come from nothing and that we’re a cosmic throw of the dice that never should have happened. Before the Big Bang the universe was nothing - a field of quantum possibilities never to come into manifestation as they don’t have anything to interact with - all of them all in superpositions all at once. However since it is a field of infinite possibilities one of those is that two particles could collide in a superposition. That is the Big Bang, matter manifested. We’re born from the eternal abyss and we’re heading straight back to it as the universe cools down and collapses onto itself. Just an eternal void with nothing ever happening ever again.

@ngcastronerd4791 3 месяца назад

@NafeDev-yo4loyou could say the energy is eternal... possibly. Not the matter. We can trace back the creation of the elements that make up your body

@user-hu6rr1gc7u 2 месяца назад

The universe is a creation and hence only exists if the forces holding it in place continue. That is a thought. It is not reality the place where we exist always.

@ngcastronerd4791 2 месяца назад

@@user-hu6rr1gc7u the universe being created is a baseless assertion. Cheers

@peep39 3 месяца назад

My favorite modern scientific mind

@peaceonearth351 3 месяца назад

I see the eternal creation structured in the Mandelbrot Theory.

@Wishyouwerehere435 2 месяца назад

Thank you Robert for dumbing this fascinating stuff down a bit. Wow.

@drbonesshow1 2 месяца назад

Wish you weren't here.

@cole141000 2 месяца назад

Two people I watch every time they come on no matter what… Roger Penrose and Paul Davies

@JonDisnard 3 месяца назад

Eons between black holes merging, and when they merge another eon happens within. The big bang is not a bang, but an implosion, which is really just a hyper sphere twisting and rotating.

@lordemed1 3 месяца назад

Sir Roger is right on. He is The Man.

@han-chan872 2 месяца назад

The universe is eternal, it has always been here, only consciousness has a beginning

@robmccaw9956 3 месяца назад

As difficult as it is for minds that have a beginning and an end to comprehend the reality is that something must have had no beginning, and presumably no end, otherwise it is just a series of Russian dolls that STILL must have had either no beginning or else appeared out of nothing and is then into nothing.

@abhisheksing8379 3 месяца назад

You are so right! Perhaps the answer lies in the concepts like infinity and eternity (which is infinity in the context of time). We just can't comprehend infinity. For our minds, it is just a mathematical, theoretical concept.

@iamfunnyipromise9605 3 месяца назад

“It is said that an argument is what convinces reasonable men and a proof is what it takes to convince even an unreasonable man. With the proof now in place, cosmologists can no longer hide behind the possibility of a past-eternal universe. There is no escape: they have to face the problem of a cosmic beginning.” - Alexander Vilenkin I agree with you, but according to the scientific data we have (as Vilenkin said), the universe has not been here forever, it had a beginning and will most probably have an end. We know that something cannot come into existence without a cause, right? Nothing produces nothing. So, something else, something different than the universe must have caused it into existence and that entity must itself be eternal, without beginning and end, as you stated.

@alexbrown1170 3 месяца назад

Please ask Penrose if the fine structure constant is the remnant of a former Aeon that , with time , form a basis for proof for his theory. Thanks😊

@emergentform1188 3 месяца назад

love it

@leonardgibney2997 3 месяца назад

I wonder what Professor Penrose makes of an experiment conducted by the BBC science unit some years ago in which they used the microwave background radiation to see whether the universe is unbounded or bounded in the four dimensions. The result was indeed a cosmos unbounded in the three dimensions of space and one of time. It did not begin and has no edge they said. Werner Heisenberg said once "the Universe isn't as strange as we can imagine but it is far stranger than we can imagine".

@Starship_X 2 месяца назад

When was this recorded? 7 days ago or 12 years ago?

@huhuruz77 2 месяца назад

12 years ago, all videos are very old.

@user-pe8gm3ht9p 3 месяца назад

O Divine Architect of the Cosmos, In the vastness of Your universe, we find a sacred seed, A genesis that mirrors the Tree of Life in its boundless grace. We stand in awe of the cosmic tapestry You have woven, Where science and scripture intertwine in a dance of divine revelation. We thank You for the knowledge that sprouts from this celestial seed, For the wisdom that grows like branches reaching towards the heavens. May we pursue understanding with the humility of those who came before, Acknowledging our place in the grand design of Your creation. Guide us in our quest to decode the mysteries of the stars, To comprehend the laws that govern the ballet of celestial bodies. Let the pursuit of truth be our holy communion, And the discoveries we make, a hymn of praise to Your name. Bless us with the insight to see Your hand in every atom, And the discernment to weave integrity into our scholarly endeavors. May the unity of knowledge and belief be our guiding star, Leading us to a deeper appreciation of the symphony of existence. Amen.

@HarryNicNicholas 2 месяца назад

i'm not sure if aeons is correct, but it does solve a lot of problems, and i don't see anything wrong with saying that at "the end of time" the universe, although expanded to some kind of maximum, has no size. sir roger says that as only photons are left, they travel at the speed of light, from a photons point of view it's existence take no time, and the distance it travels is meaningless because it takes no time, and so, even if the universe is now infinity big, size is meaningless, it is also infinitely small, and we have conditions for a (another) big bang.

@PurnamadaPurnamidam 3 месяца назад

The ΛCDM model assumes that general relativity is the correct theory of gravity on cosmological scales. It can be extended by incorporating other areas of speculation and research in cosmology, such as cosmological inflation and quintessence

@inregionecaecorum 3 месяца назад

But considering that ideas of beginning and ending are human constructs, what if the end of the current universe is its own beginning, an enclosed cycle?

@HarryNicNicholas 2 месяца назад

i don't see a date for when this was recorded, i don't think this is recent is it?

@anilmahajan8426 2 месяца назад

There is no beginning & end of the universe, as per the ancient Vedic science. This theory seems to be more logical. There may expansion at some part of the universe, and the same time, There may be contraction at the other part. It means There must be number of big bangs. The universe is omni present.

@TruthWielders 3 месяца назад

Mass and frequency are equivalents ! Sounds delicious !

@vladimirarnost8020 2 месяца назад

How does one take the whole universe and 'just' transform it into its reciprocal? 1/Universe = BigBang? What's the physical process allowing it to happen? Mindboggling... Definitely food for thought.

@logiclingo 3 месяца назад

Turtles all the way down...

@antoniorosales136 3 месяца назад

I’ve seen the turtle

@AloofAvocado 2 месяца назад

A'Tuin

@420hillage4 2 месяца назад

I like turtles 🐢

@colehutzler8743 2 месяца назад

😂😂

@MCsCreations 2 месяца назад

Turtles are good people.

@KamramBehzad 2 месяца назад

Just happy to be alive and watching this discussion. I do believe that existence is eternal and has no need for a creator.

@mavelous1763 2 месяца назад

I’m always amazed that even nonbelievers refer to a creator, and not the potential for creators…… thus polytheism. It’s just as plausible as monotheism

@3D-PHASE 2 месяца назад

Don't know what is more blowing my mind; eternity - or aiming that all had a beginning and an end. I think Eternity. Especially when going far.......................

@alexbowman7582 Месяц назад

The biggest evidence of a beginning at least of sorts is that there is a certain amount and type of Red Dwarves, an older Universe would have older different Red Dwarves.

@DrakeLarson-js9px 2 месяца назад

Paul Steinhardt wrote an interesting alternative book, "Endless Universe" counter to the BigBang...we are all more naive than we would like to admit... (human nature)....Roger has a wonderful 'British Style' which makes his Planck's and Einstein's and other current definitions of meters, time, etc. are very informative for physics majors....

@jeromehorwitz2460 3 месяца назад

There is no sign that reality has any ultimate beginning. Beginnings and endings are literary devices only, stories are just the way we describe reality to ourselves. Time is not an underlying grid against which we can judge everything, reality extends beyond it.

@greghicks5960 2 месяца назад

I understood some of these words.

@mavelous1763 2 месяца назад

Lmfao!

@SuperChickenBurgers 2 месяца назад

I am struggling to find when he says *how* things change from massless infinite expansion to a compact 'big bang' into the next aeon

@KamramBehzad 2 месяца назад

I see it as a fractal.

@mavelous1763 2 месяца назад

He explained it in reference to equations that justify it. No mass, no ‘time’, size is irrelevant……funky stuff happens

@SuperChickenBurgers Месяц назад

@@mavelous1763 That makes sense now actually. Since space and time are linked, if there is no time then there is no space.

@tubalcain1039 2 месяца назад

In the 1930s , Fritz Zwicky said that the regularity of the Coma cluster of galaxies,if brought about by gravitational relaxation,implied that the universe must be much, much older than the current values usually given,about 13-20 billion years..Chandrasekhar pioneered gravitational relaxation in 1943. It was James Clerk Maxwell who first addressed the concept of relaxation of non-equilibrium systems.

@mavelous1763 2 месяца назад

Maxwell was a smart cookie. VERY smart

@peweegangloku6428 3 месяца назад

How did the monotonous rejuvenation of universes begin?

@brianwilson7624 3 месяца назад

Your question presumes "there was once nothing" which I assume comes from your religious upbringing. There is no evidence that there was once nothing and then something. As it were, something (rather than nothing) is likely the natural state of the universe.

@peweegangloku6428 3 месяца назад

@@brianwilson7624Your assumption about my question is totally wrong. I don't believe that there was ever a state of absolute nothingness. On the other hand, to claim that a system expands to total dissipation spare photons and later reassemble (re-emerge) forces, hence raw materials, as postulated in CCC, describes an unstable system that is subject to obliteration. Such a system could hardly have existed eternally. An eternally existing system will be methodically unyielding and perfectly stable.

@brendynmiller239 3 месяца назад

@@brianwilson7624what do you assume immediately that because he is asking a legitimate question that he has a religious upbringing? Do you know him personally? If not, it appears you are making assumptions and discriminating against these kinds of questions based on your anti religious personal views

@11-AisexualsforGod-11 3 месяца назад

0.. static.. or a roar as in unrefined words or forms.. The primordial mud at the bottom of a pond which the lilly seeks to rise above

@11-AisexualsforGod-11 3 месяца назад

The indeterminate as I guess was known to to the Platonists

@brianquinn6014 Месяц назад

Never started and will never end

@deaner6944 3 месяца назад

What an amazing person. Thx so much for explaining :) Infinity hmm :)

@Michael_X313 3 месяца назад

What is the nature of a point?

@DarkSkay 3 месяца назад

Renting a house with an address, but no rooms

@Ellier215 3 месяца назад

@@DarkSkayohhhh! That’s a good one.

@TruthWielders 3 месяца назад

I had this short-thunk theory, 'round 25 years back, about cyclicity - I swear Its not me who started this, I'm sure we can find somebody who'd have thunk it long before I did - which cycles ended with some ultimate being(s) writing some kind of deterministic information into the ending world to try and nudge the next iteration as they would see appropriate, necessary,... - I don't know what can be the adjective at that stage. My friend typically responded, as any Fire sign would, that he'd want to be that being ! Personally (I am a Libra) I feel like I'd appreciate more the opportunity to look back at the whole thing and see what's what from that point, rather then to try at the changing of things, though, maybe, the sight might motivate me to somehow do something about something, but that's just rhetoric, hey, that'll never be "me", my will come long before that !

@TerryUniGeezerPeterson Месяц назад

"Dark matter/energy is likely just black holes, which some cosmologists estimate, outnumber visible stars, galaxies, etc.

@ansleyrubarb8672 3 месяца назад

...Each and everyone of Man, are Special, having different fingerprints, even Identical Twins. How marvelous, respectfully, Chuck...captivus brevis...you tube...Blessings... . .

@robskyful 2 месяца назад

What was the first thing to ever die ?

@tbone9603 3 месяца назад

No beginning No end

@zealman79 2 месяца назад

cause on my love, you can depennnnnnnnnnnnnddd

@tubalcain1039 2 месяца назад

Maybe the Universe is divided into parts that started at separate times. What is the 'universe' exactly?

@chrisrace744 3 месяца назад

Argument by infinite regression... doesn't solve anything only moves the problem deeper.

@pmm1963 Месяц назад

Exactly. This theory it's a postulate evading the real debate.

@cahlendavidson2921 2 месяца назад

I've been doing a ton of video editing over the last year. This isn't a criticism it's just a, huh? Why did you blur the first 10 seconds of the video? Because he used the word focus? 🤔

@Dan-zq5wt 3 месяца назад

After this video I went back and derived the equations - watch out for sign errors - and Sir Penrose is right! It makes a heckuva a lot of sense!

@walterfristoe4643 3 месяца назад

So, the entire sequence of aeons is kind of like "punctuated equilibrium." 🤔

@GatorMcClusky 2 месяца назад

The Universe comes from "something" which is infinitely small. Therefore there was no beginning that science can ever measure or describe.

@AfsanaAmerica 3 месяца назад

If we can look back at previous universes, is it similar to the current universe or is there a law that states it must be different and do not repeat events/certain events?

@AfsanaAmerica 3 месяца назад

@NafeDev-yo4lo but if the universe is infinite then there are infinite combinations.

@AfsanaAmerica 3 месяца назад

@NafeDev-yo4lobut if the universe is infinite then there are infinite combinations.

@AfsanaAmerica 3 месяца назад

@NafeDev-yo4lo A person would have to be immortal/infinite to do that.

@andrewmasterman2034 2 месяца назад

@NafeDev-yo4lo why would you even feel any inclination to suppose a genuine contributor to the state of new universes might be randomness in any true sense. Can you think of a single example of true randomness arising in this universe? It seems to me that that’s the one characteristic these universes can’t contain.

@falkomatzler271 2 месяца назад

It's hard to picture a time *before* when in the supposed infinite mass of singularity time was practically not moving. So no *before*, only an ever evolving, accelerating *after*. Is this a legitimate assumption?

@matthewbryant958 3 месяца назад

I dont belive the universe has a end, i mean does it just stop at a certain point? Can we not move past a certain point? I highley doubt it but hey im not expert

@michaeltrower741 3 месяца назад

Fascinating!!

@ciarandevine8490 3 месяца назад

No big bang, no start, no finish. Universes are constantly passing through each other occasionally causing another Universes and all in the eternal moment of NOW. In this single moment there are infinite dimensions giving the illusion of linear time. 💥

@mavelous1763 2 месяца назад

Infinite dimensions? They can’t even prove more than 4, thus string theory problems

@watgaz518 2 месяца назад

Maybe the universe was built in stages? First BB brought about the dark vastness of space. The second BB brought enigmatic forces. The third BB gave it dimensions. The fourth BB saw it littered with black holes. The fifth BB produced our CMB and the visible matter needed to create all we see before us today?

@seanhewitt603 3 месяца назад

There is no mention yet of how light or time are altered by light passing through time. Both allegedly have presence, like substance, but noone has questioned whether or not light affects time, plenty of theories about light not experiencing time. This can't be right. If light can move objects by striking them, it has mass, inertia. If things age, then time also has mass, inertia and can affect matter (nuclear decay)... Please explain this discrepancy between observable physical phenomenon and scientific inquiry?, seems solving for what time actually is, it's kinda important to science.

@user-io1bo5gr2m 3 месяца назад

I am developing initial conceptual designs for a graphic novel with much of Sir Roger Penrose 's hypothetical cyclic system . The Book is a dark fantasy! ♤♤♤

@mickeybrumfield764 3 месяца назад

Infinite creating more infinity. Infinite in all directions. No doubt humans are prejudiced towards self-preservation.

@Ellier215 3 месяца назад

Oh. That’s interesting. Self preservation in an infinite universe.

@skyline..... 2 месяца назад

we could be inside a blackhole and every blackhole could have its own universe inside it with more blackholes ,three is no limit to how slow time can go and how small matter can be as spacetime srinks or gets compressed by gravity

@45IWB 2 месяца назад

Surprised I lasted 2 minutes, thanks camera man!

@TheHsubh 3 месяца назад

The part that I understand is the infiniteness of the "older Universes" and the way that size becomes almost redefined or non-existent in these. The part that is mind-boggling is that it leads me to picturing space as we know it being somewhat like a fractal, but more like a breath that expands and deflates.

@xl5man 3 месяца назад

One ancient philosophical idea was that the universe was like a ‘giant ‘ cell that oscillated over eons of time from a small size .. expanding until all the energy was at the peripheral then contracting.. all the energy gradually moving to the centre again .. like a magnet whose centre alternates between positive and negative states …

@sonarbangla8711 3 месяца назад

Why Penrose's CCC keep producing the same universe over and over again, may have an explanation in Lee Smolin's landscape that make possible for natural selection tat produce better living conditions with better fine tuned constants of the parameter space. In the next Aeon we may have a more intelligent life form.

@jamesruscheinski8602 3 месяца назад

could quantum gravity make infinitesimal from infinite? how could such quantum gravity start?

@alonzoingram6755 2 месяца назад

Only God has these answers! All mankind has is a theory ! When I listen to these talks it makes me realize that there is much more that we don’t know than what we know !!

@noelwass4738 Месяц назад

Beginning and end are relative to something that exists between that beginning and end. I am not sure that it is meaningful to ask about what happens outside that time interval unless one can contemplate something that exists outside that time interval. If we cannot do that then how do we define time because time requires measuring change in something, and we do not have any idea at all what that something is (before the big bang). What I mean is that perhaps the question is meaningless in that there is no meaningful answer that will be satisfactory.

@yclept9 2 месяца назад

Time has to be finite going backwards because if it were infinite we couldn't have gotten to this time we're at.

@nyckhusan2634 3 месяца назад

Exponential expansion of Universe in all directions on 3-dimensional sphere S^3 with eventual loss of mass of matter must led to a radiation loops that are closing on themselves, i.e. to a singularity.

@nyckhusan2634 3 месяца назад

Cycles of eons cold be : B (bubble)^0 ( singularity)> B^1( time born)- boundary S^0(string)>B^2-S1(disc)> B^3-S^2(2-D sphere)>B^4-S^3( 3-D sphere)>B^0. We live on 3-D sphere X^2+Y^2+Z^2+t^2=1

@SHADOW.GGG- 2 месяца назад

@@nyckhusan2634 made up words made up numbers

@theintel5694 3 месяца назад

Two incredibly intellectuals!!!! Einstein and Sir Pennrose

@abhisheksing8379 3 месяца назад

😂

@tonyatkinson2210 3 месяца назад

Not quite . I don’t see any of penroses work having any of the impact Einstein has had

@kratomseeker5258 3 месяца назад

this is my favourite scientist. i also think the same way he does.

@mavelous1763 2 месяца назад

I’m smart enough to know this: I like this Penrose guy!

@michaeldonofrio6759 Месяц назад

As always is the case, the distinguished gentleman tells us how the universe may have grown--not how it began. The universe is physical and material. No matter how infinitesimal it might have been once, it was still physical and material. All things material had a measurable beginning. I, too, would like to know how something material that was not there in one instance, was suddenly there in another instance.

@adamhughes4442 2 месяца назад

Isn't death a state of nothing?

@jimyguitar3177 2 месяца назад

We are in the middle of the universe because the CMB is the same distance in all directions and we are at the edge of the universe because all known time is behind us.

@scrimmo 3 месяца назад

This man is a God who walks among us. We are lucky as a species to have such a wonderful mind share itself with everyone.

@jimliu2560 3 месяца назад

How does Penrose explain Entropy increasing and decreasing in his cyclic universe theory…?

@wthomas5697 3 месяца назад

Infinite time and space allow for patterns to develop, even against the probability of randomness.

@skwalka6372 3 месяца назад

I think entropy gets reset in the conformal mapping that connects the eons. When you emerge from one semi-infinite into the start of another semi-infinite period, the mapping interprets the infinitely dissorderly state of the previous eon into a refeference state for the current eon. That is how I understand it.

@helderalmeida2790 3 месяца назад

@@skwalka6372Aeon!

@zacatkinson3926 3 месяца назад

@@wthomas5697it’s definitely not infinite

@AliothAncalagon 3 месяца назад

Basically the "Law of truly large numbers". Entropy does increase and decrease all the time. A large decrease is simply not very likely. But if you wait long enough even the most unlikely scenario will eventually happen, as long as its not entirely impossible.

@Hyperion1722 2 месяца назад

I prefer his theory rather than the limiting big bang theory. Something happened before the big bang and it is up to theorists to expound further.

@shirk_slayer 3 месяца назад

Remember the day when We shall roll up the heavens like the rolling up of written scrolls. As We began the first creation, so shall We repeat it; a promise binding on Us; that We shall certainly fulfil.” [Quran 21:105] And the heaven We built with Our own powers (aydin) and indeed We go on expanding it (musi’un).” [51:48] Do not the unbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were a closed-up mass, then We clove them asunder. And We made from water every living thing. Will they not then believe?” [21:31]

@mikeb2777 3 месяца назад

If our only view is of the universe then it had a beginning. If our view is of eternity and infinity then our universe is one occurrence.

@KamramBehzad 2 месяца назад

I believe our universe is a leaf growing on a branch, of a tree, in a forest, on a planet, in universe2, that is a leaf growing on a branch .... That's why I'm fascinated by watching fractal images zoom in and in and in ...

@matthew-xl4od 2 месяца назад

We began

@SUNofNY 2 месяца назад

Science: for philosophical reasons we don't like the fact that all observations make clear a there was beginning, so lets make up some alternative.

@JoaoCosta-pn9im 2 месяца назад

The question thus is: has the beginning actually begun?

@profroe 3 месяца назад

This isn't recent is it?

@streamofconsciousness5826 3 месяца назад

No, Walter passed away last year, August 23, 2013 Before the JWST started sending back images that conflict with the BigBang theory.

@karl5395 3 месяца назад

10:28 'Why was that structure there? If there was nothing before (the big bang) its hard to answer that question' Indeed it's hard to answer because of a presupposition of a natural material worldview bias.

@deanodebo 3 месяца назад

That’s exactly right. And ironically the materialist can’t actually justify the external world. Nor can they justify logic, numbers, etc Oh but they’re happy to use them

@zacatkinson3926 3 месяца назад

There is something before it’s not understood fully yet

@deanodebo 3 месяца назад

@@zacatkinson3926 “before” doesn’t make sense with relativity. But I don’t claim relativity is true. What makes you think there’s a “before”?

@AppealToTheStoned 3 месяца назад

No need to 'justify' an external world,@@deanodebo If one exists, 'material' science is the way to understand it. If one does not exist, the materialist is in precisely the same untenable position as everyone else.

@deanodebo 3 месяца назад

@@AppealToTheStoned fair enough. What are numbers made of? Let’s take 3. What is 3 made of, and where is it?

@alex79suited 3 месяца назад

I could go into this in depth but at a later time, perhaps. It's correct, regardless of when it's done. So let's look at the great attractors as prior events to our own blacksphere event. Or Andromeda's blacksphere event. I don't believe we would be here without those prior events happening. It trickles down and up from our perspective, really. I also believe we will find more of these great attractors as our ability to peer improves. It's an exciting time right now in science, I think. And with EMFSYSTEMS just getting started, the future is quite bright for the next generation of scientific research and discovery. EMFSYSTEMS will be leading us into the infinite ♾️ vacuum space. Wanna go for a ride? Peace ✌️ 😎.

@johnpublic168 3 месяца назад

Humans always project. Thus a beginning

@shankarbalakrishnan2360 2 месяца назад

It's waves from one to another a political wave a mobile wave etc and even being blessed by someone is a wave❤❤🎉🎉

@tedgrant2 3 месяца назад

I hope the universe began to exist, otherwise I must be dreaming.

@jimris4170 3 месяца назад

Do this mean that there is perhaps different realitys? Im having problems getting my head around this. I think som shrooms would help.

@georgesheffield1580 3 месяца назад

Yes ,those you cannot imagine too.

@kimsahl8555 3 месяца назад

Universe - well, we imagine the space. So a new term (Nature) will do it: Did the Nature begin? Now, you can start the reflection (start with definitions of beginning and ending).