SMD bad capacitor test / laptop - desktop computer & electronics troubleshooting 

Wow! My english level is B2 and I had absolutely no trouble understanding what he is saying. How is that even possible?

@@Daniel-ih5ei Are you new to electronics like me? Because I meant understanding the electronics jargon, not the language itself. If not, that's probably why! *the more you know*

So you desolder the pads to isolate the area? How can you tell an area is bad or good once isolated?

...and two years later; "Silas, where are you"? It has been long time since it.

I didn’t get the bit where he said to copy the information of neighbouring capacitors. What does he mean?

and speaks proper english

Yes. A capacitor in short circuit will have conduction from one side to the other. If one capacitor had a side connected to ground, and it gets in short circuit, then both sides will be grounded. It means this is a bad capacitor.

Hi! It is easy with a hot air and tweezers. When I moved to here, I didn't have a good soldering station until several months later. No everybody has one in other places where life is harder, so it is good to teach to work with rudiments. But back to the problem, most electronics components should be exposed to more than the solder melting temperature and for less than 10 seconds. I work many years as a process and manufacturing engineer too, and I have that very clear as designer since the beginning. In one car ECU video I was criticized by lifting the capacitor on the side. If I do it, will use the right temperature for short period of time, while hot air is very high temperature for maybe longer time. Automotive safety rules are very high, and also to replace the component by other brand no specified by the designer... Industrial SMT solder process and ESD manipulation exposure is where more latent issues happen, that ends two years later with the damaged components that we are repairing in this laptop main board. A good rework must include ESD, moisture removal, pre heat, flux and cleaning, in a very well controlled way. It depends of the situation for me to use pre heat, iron lifting, hot air, or component sucking. After many years doing rework since 1984, I am like an old surgieron with the knife, I know to take care of do not delaminate the PCB. But it is only with practice. Many times I watched youtube iphone repairs, it looks nice and fast, but those guys are just over cooking the telephone for next soonest fail. I use a lot the hot air. But in some cases I use the iron, and the one in the video is the iron attached to the same hot air soldering station. (There are more chance to delaminate the internal layers of the PCB with hot air than to damage the pad with the soldering iron. So I avoid hot air in multi layer PCB or safety components requirentes, unless components are too big). ;-)