So What WAS the Deal with the Oracle of Delphi?

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For two millennia, the mystery of the Oracle of Delphi has perplexed scholars and scientists. Who were these ancient prophetesses? Were they really speaking with the voice of Apollo? Or is there actually a scientific explanation? Come learn with me!
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Sources
“Delphi: the History of the Center of the Ancient World” by Michael Scott
“The Oracle: The Lost Secrets and Hidden Message of Ancient Delphi” by William J. Broad
“The Road to Delphi: The Life and Afterlife of Oracles” by Michael Wood
“Earth, Breath, Frenzy: The Delphic Oracle” by Steven Connor in
Dumbstruck: A Cultural History of Ventriloquism
“The Delphic Oracle: Its Responses and Operations with a Catalogue of Responses” By Joseph Fontenrose
“The Geological Origins of the Oracle at Delphi, Greece” by Jelle Z. de Boer and J. R. Hale for the Geological Society vol. 171
“Knowing when to consult the oracle at Delphi” by Alun Salt and Efrosyni Boutsikas for Antiquity vol. 79 issue 305
“The Oracle at Delphi: The Pythia and the Pneuma, Intoxicating Gas Finds, and Hypotheses” by Jelle Z. de Boer for Toxicology in Antiquity (Second Edition): History of Toxicology and Environmental Health
“Questioning the Delphic Oracle” by John R. Hale, Jelle Zeilinga de Boer, Jeffrey P. Chanton and Henry A. Spiller for Scientific American vol. 289 no. 2
“Anthropology and Spirit Possession: A Reconsideration of the Pythia's Role at Delphi” by L. Maurizio for the Journal of Hellenic Studies vol. 115
“Delphic Oracles as Oral Performances: Authenticity and Historical Evidence” by Lisa Maurizio for Classical Antiquity vol. 16 no. 2
“The Pneuma Enthusiastikon: On the Possibility of Hallucinogenic "Vapors" at Delphi and Dodona” by C. Scott Littleton for Ethos vol. 14 no. 1
“The Delphic Oracle: Belief and Behaviour in Ancient Greece: And Africa” by C. R. Whittaker for The Harvard Theological Review vol. 58 no. 1
“Drugs and the Delphic Oracle” by Daryn Lehoux for The Classical World vol. 101 no. 1

Опубликовано:

15 фев 2024

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Комментарии : 1 тыс.

@KazRowe 4 месяца назад

👒🔍 Download June’s Journey for free now using my link: woo.ga/imod995s

@jaynedavies2757 4 месяца назад

Of course they wouldn't have found the vapour. the gases, from the faults, intersected in a CHAMBER. CHAMBERS = ROOMS. Rooms, which no longer exist, which also means, that any vapours could escape into the atmosphere, instead of being confined, the the room

@CAP198462 4 месяца назад

Who needs Apollo, we have Google.

@carlosalbuquerque22 4 месяца назад

Actually the tectonic gases hypothesis has long been discredited by multiple academia. I recommend the Religionforbreakfast video on it

@kinghenryxl1747 4 месяца назад

OMG Kaz. You look so radiant and majestic in this video. Here are your flowers 🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻🌻

@througtonsheirs_doctorwhol5914 4 месяца назад

einstein has the answer; e = m x c squared so how can mass be zero? in dreams. in dreams w can spacetime-travel

@sophiahardt 4 месяца назад

I love that the Apollo drawing the background says “aghh I have prophecies tomorrow” 😂👍

@wolf-gh2dz 4 месяца назад

followed up by "but not the day after that"

@dazcnt 4 месяца назад

I loved this 😂👌

@AstheMagpieFlies 4 месяца назад

Literally came to the comments section to check if I was the only one, very pleased I was not.

@geekdivaherself 4 месяца назад

I, on the other hand, only figured out that they were readable _from_ the comments!

@blindalleycomics6351 4 месяца назад

Inhaling ethylene fumes couldn't have been healthy...maybe the real reason for the "Winter Break" was to give the poor Pythia time to recover.

@reaverkai 4 месяца назад

I was thinking perhaps there's a season in which earthquales and general sismic action is more prevalent? Like there's hurricane season and such. But idk, im in a zone with zero activity of any kind so no clue. I would google but i gotta sleep hah

@onbearfeet 4 месяца назад

@reaverkai Hi. I've lived for 40 years in a quake zone. Earthquakes, large and small, happen every day. There isn't really a "season", which is part of what makes earthquake forecasting so difficult.

@onbearfeet 4 месяца назад

It's also likely that travel was more difficult in winter, thus reducing the number of visitors and increasing the odds that some would die on the way. Bad for business, if you're a temple to a god of prophecy.

@Ellestra 4 месяца назад

Seismic activity is not seasonal but if the water was important part of the delivery system then that might be explanation. Maybe the stream was either flooding - cutting off or dissolving too much of the gases - or drying out - and letting gases to leave the fault some other way. But one day a month already seems like something designed in a way that makes sure the oracle doesn't ovedo the fumes.

@carlosalbuquerque22 4 месяца назад

The ethylene thing has been disproved by multiple academics

@jessicatashman7816 4 месяца назад

Geologist, PhD here. This video was SO MUCH FUN and exceptionally accurate - discussions ranging from the nature of bituminous limestone to ethylene volatilization risks. I'm seriously impressed! GNEISS work on this! :D

@lmc689 4 месяца назад

My favorite part was when the geologist found the fault in the historians theory that there were no cracks in the earth to release fumes. Geologists rock.

@allisonhomiak2336 4 месяца назад

Kaz really knows their schist.

@benjalucian1515 4 месяца назад

@@lmc689 Their conversation literally went something like this De Boer: "Oh, John you should have been with me when I went to Delphi. I saw the fault that went under the Temple of Apollo." Hale: "I was glad to tell Jelle, _You're wrong. There is no fault line, archaeologist discovered no fault that is a myth_ He became very incensed and asked if I would know a fault line if I saw one. I had to admit that I wouldn't"

@maryeckel9682 4 месяца назад

Ba dum tsss!

@j_fenrir 4 месяца назад

@@allisonhomiak2336 i see you, fellow pjo fan

@ThaetusZain 4 месяца назад

I am actually more surprised nobody really cared what Dionysus thought he's the god of wine... like you would think during that time period people would be asking things like "I did some repairs on my house and now my wine tastes all weird. Is there anything I can do to make ammends?".

@WolfieDawn 4 месяца назад

Wine, debauchery, and insanity actually but yeah fair lol

@kennethrapp1379 4 месяца назад

I know, who wants to talk to the god of fun anyway?

@VenusMacabre 4 месяца назад

As far as I know (and I'm not an expert, just a modern Dionysus worshipper), the cult of Dionysus started as a marginal, and I think outlawed in many places, cult that especially attracted, well, people in the margins of society, such as slaves and women. Dionysus' title as father of liberation deals with more than just the loss of inhibition from drunkenness. Despite the many attempts to drown it out by the different local authorities, the cult kept going and at some point aristocrats and such decided to take the cult of Dionysus into the mainstream because it would be easier to control that way and they started to mind the decadence a little less, so his cult became institutionalized and he started to be considered the 12th Olympian in place of Hestia, which is honestly a crime (replacing her, not adding Dionysus in), because Hestia is amazing in her own right.

@VenusMacabre 4 месяца назад

@@WolfieDawn Effeminacy, theater (emphasis on tragedies) and liberation too, as well as being associated with nature. Also a trickster god.

@aardvark8553 4 месяца назад

@@VenusMacabreisn't he also one of the oldest Greek gods? As in following. I could have sworn they found temples/rituals involving him way before the rest of the Greek pantheon became involved

@lukaj679 4 месяца назад

The idea that cannabis was common in the region but NO ONE ever said "it smells like weed in here" is enough for me. I can't go anywhere weed smoke is/has been without someone pointing it out lol

@MordredsGirl 4 месяца назад

The fact the dude claims weed is ‘sweet smelling’ is sending me. Weed funk is such a distinct smell 😂

@kartos. 4 месяца назад

@mordredsgirl i was laughing so hard at that. it reeks of skunk and old gym socks.

@gearandalthefirst7027 4 месяца назад

@@kartos. To be fair, not all weed is skunk weed, some smells pretty decent but who knows what kinds they had back then

@jorgegonzalez-larramendi5491 4 месяца назад

There are real mind expanding strains. At the right placetimeperson

@purplepedantry 4 месяца назад

Well, Hellas overall had and used it, but it isn't even a hallucinogen, so I doubt the man ever had any interaction with it.

@JeraWizard 4 месяца назад

"And for some reason the only thing helping me is Dr Pepper" -- optimal moment for an in-video link to the Snake Oil Tierlist video, hehe

@jessehammer123 4 месяца назад

I know! My thought was “How Southern of them”.

@RealBradMiller 4 месяца назад

Okay... I had this weird dream where someone was obsessed with Dr. Pepper, and like killed someone over it. They were hoarding it, and even confessed to get some... And then I thought it was on the radio, but then I had all this Dr. Pepper to get rid of. 😂😂😂😂😂😂 🥤 📦📦📦📦📦📦📦

@pavladavlas 4 месяца назад

The Pythia was also known to chew on leaves of oleander and inhale its fumes as it burned. These fumes, when inhaled, can lead to symptoms similar to those of epilepsy, which was known as the “sacred disease.” I remember reading a while ago that such fumes were likely led through the air vents and probably to just below the Pythia’s seat, as traces of burnt oleander had also been found in an underground chamber at Delphi. This would also explain why the Oracle was only available in the summer months (oleander flowers from early summer to mid-autumn and inhaling its fumes regularly for a prolonged amount of time can shorten an individual’s lifespan significantly), and might also explain the entire “the goats go crazy there” thing, as they may have eaten the oleander growing in the vicinity, though I have no idea how goats are affected by it in comparison to humans.

@shinekitten7669 4 месяца назад

what's your source on this?

@Mavisdundundunnnmanston 4 месяца назад

I'd also like this source, but I also now keep thinking about the book/ film "white oleander." They live rent free in my head. So now I'm imagining Michelle Pfeiffer as an oracle of delphi.

@pavladavlas 4 месяца назад

@@shinekitten7669 A Bittersweet Story: the True Nature of the Laurel of the Oracle of Delphi, a scholarly article published by Haralampos Harissis in 2014. No idea as to how accurate it may be, as I am by no means a professional ancient historian and, truth be told, neither is Harissis (his field is medicine, but I think a medical/toxicological angle may very well offer further insight into the matter) and it's been a hot minute (i.e. a few years) since I read it, so this theory may have been disproven by now.

@sarahleony 4 месяца назад

@@Mavisdundundunnnmanstonfair 🤷🏻‍♀️

@intrusive-th0t 4 месяца назад

I have epilepsy and feel cheated that I’m not revered as an oracle today 😔

@teaumanport 4 месяца назад

If nothing else, this is a much more fun version of the phrase "she's come down with a case of the vapors."

@Sewstine 4 месяца назад

Interestingly, ethylene is VERY flammable, and the fact that there was no documented source of flames in that room is highly suggestive that it might indeed be ethylene! LOVE this theory!

@semoremo9548 2 месяца назад

Wait if it's flammable, how come it makes sense that there's no record of flames? Shouldn't it be the opposite?

@liptoncunningham6666 2 месяца назад

@@semoremo9548 What they are saying is that nobody lit flames in the room. which makes sense. They likely knew the vapors were flammable and avoided any fire in the area.

@semoremo9548 2 месяца назад

@@liptoncunningham6666 Oh jeez I just got that. Thanks for explaining!

@Ichinisan-xp6mm 20 дней назад

@@semoremo9548 they meant to say that since the Greeks KNEW it was flammable, they made sure to not use flames inside the chamber

@erraticonteuse 4 месяца назад

14:21 Or in the case of the famous prophecy "Croeses, if you make war on Persia, a great empire will fall," as one of my favorite (and criminally underrated) RU-vidrs Generic History Videos put it thus: "The oracle basically said, 'If there is a war, someone is going to lose', and it doesn't exactly take a god to figure that out."

@MarcyTheKindaCoolWizard 4 месяца назад

Sun Tzu of the ancient greek world

@shinjinobrave 4 месяца назад

The Pythia: it's just a prank bro!

@WhyGodby 4 месяца назад

Not necessarily The downfall of either state was not guaranteed, most inter imperial wars end state is not complete destruction of the adversarial state The prediction was not just hedging bets

@ElvenAngel 4 месяца назад

I have to admit, as a Greek and an amateur archaeologist (I had to abandon my studies midway due to financial reasons :( ) I got a bit tense in the first minute of the video. I'm really used to westerners jumping to conclusions or using terrible sources in their research and discourse, so I have to say, I was immensely relieved and very pleasantly surprised as you carried on. Your sources are excellent, exactly the kind I'd reach for while I was still studying the subject in university and you approached the topic from a great position of neutrality, without resorting to presentism. Even your humour is on point and put a smile on my face; I'm sorta fed up with over-the-top humour and reactions and your chill approach is so much more enjoyable. I was especially happy about how frank you were regarding the fact that for a lot of things about the ancient world, we're just never going to have concrete answers. I wish more people would digest that fact and stop trying to impose modern morals and rationality to ancient ways of thought we simply can't understand anymore. It's not a bad thing; it's just the nature and effect of time and change in human society. The further we move away from an old way of thinking, the more alien it will seem to us. I love your content because you keep the quality of the discourse to a very high, yet still accessible level and with just one video, you've made up for a lot of the disappointment I've had from the wider online community about their takeaways from Greek history, culture and myth. Thank you so much for sharing your thoughts and research with us.

@MFrederickM 4 месяца назад

I can't read the episode title without thinking of Jerry Seinfeld Live! At The Agora being like "So WHaaAAAaaT's the deal with the Oracle of Delphi??"

@juanjuri6127 4 месяца назад

The pythia going into a pneuma-induced seizure but it's just a Kramer impression

@RealBradMiller 4 месяца назад

No prophecy for you!!! 🍲

@milaces1323 4 месяца назад

OMG you, covering the oracle?!? I'm obsessed with the spiritual practices of ancient Greece like visiting the oracle or the Dionysiac rituals. Thank you!!! 😊

@chase5298 4 месяца назад

is it because you read percy jackson when you were 12?

@milaces1323 4 месяца назад

@@chase5298 Never read Percy Jackson lol.

@jacobtaylor8250 4 месяца назад

@@chase5298 it's because a lot of us grew up on Greek myths

@chase5298 4 месяца назад

I don't remember asking you@@jacobtaylor8250

@chase5298 4 месяца назад

You should!@@milaces1323

@OktaviaVon 4 месяца назад

The handsome squidward Apollo..😂

@chables74 4 месяца назад

“We get it Pythia, you vape”

@DelphiCampbellArtist 4 месяца назад

my name is delphi and I really enjoyed this video. full of positive affirmations about how amazing Delphi is.

@lauragraham170 4 месяца назад

It's amusing how often ancient sources are disbelieved, when it seems they are often trying to accurately document their experiences rather than deceive. Great video, Kaz!

@GilTheDragon 4 месяца назад

Is that a crown of parsley & wild lettuce? It, along with the gothic lamp give such delightful victorian vibes Pneuma, breath, vapor, can also mean soul; after all volcanic vapors tend not to smell nice. (Ethylene not withstanding) (the ethylene frenzy is not one i knew) The secular explanation i like the most is "she was a very well informed woman" theory. People came to delphi from all over. People talk, the pithia listens to agents of all factions wanting to go to war

@GilTheDragon 4 месяца назад

I think part of the resistance to the geological explanation is that it sorta reduces the oracle to just the physiological effect of the gas & ignores the role feelings have in expression Its like someone in the future trying to figure out how stadiums managed to generate ions from the phrase "the air was electric with anticipation" and them finding the wires that run the hvac & concluding that that's why the air was charged.

@xdani_thethinkingneko 2 месяца назад

Your second, in particular really is thought-provoking. I always wonder, what parts of our history we will be misinterpreted. Since even though we have the internet come and things are easily recorded now, I'm sure some things will be lost. I particularly wonder, if something like memes is the only thing to survive, imagine if people think that we all were worshiping something? And it was just a meme 😂 I wonder if there was ever an ancient equivalent of a meme and we totally misinterpreted it.

@paulakaye2108 4 месяца назад

I truly appreciated your warning, “And don’t be asking Apollo any stupid questions.” I fell over laughing because for about ten years I worked as an “Advisor” with a huge company offering Psychic readings. We were tested not just in the interview but sporadically. I mention this because the absolutely strangest request to use my gift was to find a clients car keys! I wonder what Apollo would have replied to her! LoL

@Enixon869 4 месяца назад

"The objects of your desire lay forgotten in the last place you will look"

@paulakaye2108 3 месяца назад

@@Enixon869 ROFLMAO! 🤣

@Mavisdundundunnnmanston 4 месяца назад

Currently I can smell vapors coming up from the alleyway next to my apartment. The prophecy is I'm going to add to the vapors as I watch this video.

@Destiny-ig2fs 5 дней назад

That's probably sewage

@MedicineMundy 4 месяца назад

Apollo: The Sun is a Deadly Laser! Zeus: Not anymore. There's a Blanket.

@purplexninjamom 4 месяца назад

thank you :)

@CliffSedge-nu5fv 29 дней назад

Ceres: Let's plant some grass.

@blueskylark9965 4 месяца назад

A geology nerd who also really likes history, the entire time I was “Why didn’t they do a survey for faults? Greece is VERY VOLCANIC, there could be all sorts of natural gasses!!!” And I feel. So vindicated.

@jackgammon1490 4 месяца назад

I always appreciate the amount of research you do for your vids and even dressing up to further amplify the vibe from the subject matter. Love your stuff Kaz. Hope everything goes well for your friend ❤

@wolf-gh2dz 4 месяца назад

still bitter about the fact that i was supposed to be able to visit delphi but didn't get to. a few years ago i was on a school-sponsored trip with my latin class and we were SUPPOSED to go to italy and greece, with the greece section of our trip including delphi, but for unexpected pandemic reasons greece was cancelled. because at that point we had already paid for X days, the travel agency added sicily onto our trip during the days that were meant for greece. i mean it was fine, we saw some really cool sites that we wouldn't have otherwise, but still disappointing because i was so hyped for delphi... one day...

@marianatheschizoid5912 4 месяца назад

Ah, that sucks. As somebody who did get to visit Greece the temple at Delphi, it’s a truly magical place; 100% worth it! I hope you get another opportunity to see it someday.

@reaverkai 4 месяца назад

Omg i envy schools that do that and people that can afford it (not in a malicious way), you are so lucky, i bet some great memories were made :B

@user-jy8bt9uz7f 4 месяца назад

Why whinge about not getting to delphi during a pandemic where people died

@wolf-gh2dz 4 месяца назад

@@user-jy8bt9uz7f ??? idk if you've ever been outside and spoken to another human being before but its actually incredibly normal to be upset when something you were excited for fell through, including things that fell through due to corona. like i'm not saying i WANTED to go to delphi DURING a pandemic, im saying i wish the pandemic didn't happen so i COULD have gone to delphi.

@graymarch666 Месяц назад

@@user-jy8bt9uz7fyou sound like someone i would punch in the face in high school

@joeyoung431 4 месяца назад

The biggest problem I had teaching Greek mythology and religion in New Zealand was convincing my students that there were possible interpretations of Delphi beyond the money-making scam they all immediately assumed it was. This is what happens when you let Goths win the Enlightenment.

@420Travesty 4 месяца назад

It sounds like the difference between the Oracle of Delphi and random oracles busking on the streets was basically the difference between a small town fortune teller and John Edwards. Production value. Everything else was probably the same old party tricks.

@acecat2798 4 месяца назад

Regardless of what was going on with Delphi specifically, I'm kind of wary of the approach to religious studies where we look for chemical answers for all experiences interpreted as divine. Do mind-altering substances sometimes play a role? Sure, absolutely! But the cultural and psychological basis for these experiences shouldn't be overlooked, especially when it comes to divine ecstasy and frenzy being achieved with no hallucinogens whatsoever-- speaking in tongues, ritual dance, just the strong perception that a divine experience might or will occur can do a lot to influence your altered perception. I feel like trying too hard to "solve" religion as a purely physical experience ends up as bad anthropology/archaeology/history. I appreciate this more multifaceted look.

@ehlesdee 2 месяца назад

I think it’s because the vapors were described in history that people are trying to figure them out. It’s also just a really cool image so we wish it was real. IMO it’s not the same as like trying to logic away spontaneous group dance or witch panics with ergot poisoning.

@briannenurse4640 2 месяца назад

I don't personally think that a chemical understanding of the forces at play is actually in any way opposed to the psychological and spiritual reality being experienced. They're just two facets of the same situation, and neither one fully encapsulates what's going on without the presence of the others.

@TheoTheTimeTravelingMagician 4 месяца назад

Sorry lord of the rings characters as they were described in the books…. KAZ IS HERE AND ITS MORE IMPORTANT. Love all of your videos, Kaz. I’m so sorry that you and your friend and your friends family have to go through this horrible and difficult time. I know what it feels like, and it is absolutely devastating. I hope she gets well soon.

@juliarose.driscoll 2 месяца назад

Hiya! I have a degree in Classical Humanities and my magnum opus (yes Latin was in there too) was this 20-something-page paper on the Oracle at Delphi. Just popped in to say I think this was an awesome video on one of my all time favorite subjects, and so well researched. Today I’m a public historian, and I love all of your videos no matter what time period you focus on. 😊 Thanks for what you do!

@mellowfishie 4 месяца назад

I'd only ever heard of the intoxicating vapor theory of how the Oracle worked - this was super fascinating! My childhood obsession with Greek mythology rose back over me like a comfortable, familiar blanket while watching this video 😊

@Anna-B 4 месяца назад

This video is so useful! I tried finding out how the oracle and the temple worked, because I want to write something involving Greek mythology. But it’s actually way harder than I thought it’d be

@julietfischer5056 4 месяца назад

Lots of missing cultural context.

@elizabethb4168 4 месяца назад

Religion for Breakfast also has a really good video on the subject

@wordforger 4 месяца назад

Holy moly. That whole fault line discovery is awesome. I studied both geology and history in college, so it always makes me smile when I see the two disciplines align. After all, Geology is just a history of the earth on a longer scale.

@VenusMacabre 4 месяца назад

That last question grabbed me by the metaphorical balls because I'm an actual Hellenic Pagan who worships 6 gods so far LMAO. I am an Aphrodite and Ares devotee though, so probably either of them. Hera has a very special place in my heart too.

@ChristopherSadlowski 4 месяца назад

Poor Hera, her husband did her so dirty...

@itsjustnadia 4 месяца назад

I'm a Hellenic polytheist too and I would probably be following Dionysus, he's always been something of a favorite of mine. 😅

@VenusMacabre 4 месяца назад

@@itsjustnadia He's one of the gods I worship too. ❤️

@NicoleM_radiantbaby 4 месяца назад

Hello, fellow Hellenic polytheists! (My patrons are Artemis, Athene, and Hermes...though Apollon's been showing up a lot lately too)

@babyblue3717 4 месяца назад

I'm hellenistic too! The two gods I worship the most are Artemis and, good for me, Apollo. I loved this video, I've been obsessed with the theories surrounding the pythia for years hehe

@sunnnnnflower 4 месяца назад

hi kaz! i don’t usually leave comments on videos, but i gotta say, i love your channel so much! your videos are so creative and so well-researched, and the sheer amount of time you clearly dedicate to each of them is quite admirable! as a big history fan who enjoys listening to long history videos while i do chores, i feel like i really gotta thank you for your channel lmao. keep up the great work! one last thing, but also as a fellow enby i can only hope one day i’ll have as much style as you

@giorgosmichael9142 4 месяца назад

The hypothesis of Pythia's "highness" on weed is a missinterpration of Pythia's habit of inhaling the fumes of burning olive leaves and oleander which their hallucinogenic effects were probably known to the locals. Oleander was probably used to drown the bad smell of ethylene vapours. The ingredients are still used today as part of Easter Christian Orthodox church service.

@nightfall3605 4 месяца назад

I thought she specifically stated ethylene is known for its sweet odor? And I wonder if the use of burnt hallucinogens was added as the natural vapors reduced over centuries of geological change.

@tianahorsey-daydreamer8962 4 месяца назад

I've been partial to Artemis since I was a kid. Ive always been drawn to the moon and the woods. The art surrounding her. Everything. I'm actually planning an Artemis themed tattoo.

@fijardim7 4 месяца назад

Yeah, me too, but she is a bit too much sometimes😂. Do a lot of research on her myth and history beforehand doing the tattoo 😊

@tianahorsey-daydreamer8962 4 месяца назад

@@fijardim7 I grew up with an archaeologist, I know the myths very very well. I've been reading them since I was 10. Lol I understand that she is a complicated figure. And has made some questionable decisions.

@Cinnamon_Cleric 4 месяца назад

I absolutely love watching geology, paleontology, archaeology, and mythology videos so this particular essay feels like it was made in a lab specifically for me.

@shaym.1372 4 месяца назад

So while weed is probably not the secret of Delphi, I do want to point out that specifically the Eleusinian Mysteries (wide-spread and well-known at the time secretive cult to Demeter and Persephone) is proof that the ancient Greeks were very capable of having a huge cult and still remaining incredibly tight-lipped about what actually goes on there.

@eclecticspiritualbeing6989 3 месяца назад

As a Priestess myself, I can vouch through experience in ceremonies over the years, the Oracles of Delphi were certainly embodying Apollo. Whether with said gases or not, embodiment is real. I presume the gases would have enabled a deeper connection. Blessed be 🙏🏼

@souredfigs 4 месяца назад

WAKE UP BABE NEW KAZ ROWE VIDEO JUST DROPPED

@mashawonder 3 месяца назад

i just wanna say how smart your makeup is. The elongated dark brows are a staple of the Cretan makeup looks depicted on vases and statues of the time and the soft brown tones look earthy n natural with a modern twist of golden glitter… u an artist

@Firegen1 4 месяца назад

Thanks for this, Kaz. The oracle of Delphi was taught to us in my A Level (British upper school qualification) but we never got into much depth. Thinking of Katie at this difficult time. I'll donate.

@victoriafolch-pi5824 4 месяца назад

As a seer, I think I would probably cover Persephone, but she can be a very dense energy because of her underworld ties and in the ancient world, she was inherently tied to her mother and her husband in any worship of her (I would love to see your research on the Eleusinian Mysteries - I'm not how relevant it is to queer history though). Athena also sounds like a great idea. Also - you mentioned a Michael Scott as a source and I was like "Didn't know Steve Carrell's character had such a deep scholarly interest."

@noodlesauce2553 4 месяца назад

Your costuming is FANTASTIC!! It’s always a good day when Kaz uploads ❤❤

@aliceoles9765 4 месяца назад

About the De Boer vapors hypothesis, I think it's important to mention that a 2006 study found no trace of the Kerna fault. I'm generally more compelled by Lehoux's rebuttal, simply because it is far-fetched to imagine a disposition where some ethylene vapors could have a sustained trance-inducing effect over the years, and because divination and the mania associated with it aren't systematically linked with drug-nduced states. So much seering, tongue-speaking, divine visions and trance-like state happens in contemporary religious and spiritual practices, without the use of psychoactives being necessary. I would think it is highly plausible that peculiar vapors emerged sometimes in ancient Delphi, but the cultural practice of the Delphi oracle was surely only retroactivlely attributed to them. Most importantly, the oracle was a major influence in hellenistic politics, regarding war, conquest, administration ... Altough I deeply enjoy the esoteric lore around the Pythia, I think any account of what actually happened during the divination process must take into account the political impact of the oracle and its interpretations.

@boringzilla 4 месяца назад

Literally went to Delphi today so this video could not have come at a better time. Since we arrived late we only got to see the archeological site and missed out on the opportunity to see the museum, so i appreciate this to help contextualize the site. Also leaving a recommendation for everyone who comes to Greece to see it, it's a lot more worth it when compared to the acropolis, the view itself is simply stunning, it really takes your breath away

@eljanrimsa5843 4 месяца назад

> it really takes your breath away that's the fumes

@HeyLizardLeigh 4 месяца назад

As an aquarium-haver, I do love the idea of fish movements simply being too opaque and unknowable

@sarahwatts7152 4 месяца назад

Good to see Michael Scott has moved on from the paper industry and is contributing to the world

@rileyfaelan 4 месяца назад

Ethylene is also a common plant hormone. It's nowadays deliberately used to control maturation of commercial fruits such as bananas. This might possibly have been of some relevance to the Oracle.

@carolinecagle3266 4 месяца назад

In my head canon, the time of the year when Dionysus covered for Apollo is when the earth was not warm enough to send up ethylene vapors. Is winter like that in Delphi?

@sarahleony 4 месяца назад

I’d say 50F would be an average high in the Delphi area during winter

@marianatheschizoid5912 4 месяца назад

I visited Greece during the winter season and I’d say it was about 7 or 8 C, in the afternoon it got a little warmer like 11 or 12. There was snow higher up in the mountains but not a lot. Idk if these temperatures affected the vapours tho.

@nightfall3605 4 месяца назад

Someone else mentioned oleander was burnt at some stage in the temple’s history and the plant was not available during the winter.

@kezia8027 4 месяца назад

"The temple was really 'popping off'" aaand subscribed lmao - perfect blend of intelligent commentary and humor! Nice work

@micahstone8589 4 месяца назад

You’re a great educator because of your passion. I’m sorry for your friends situation.

@OuterGalaxyLounge 4 месяца назад

This subject always fascinated me. Thanks for covering it.

@elizabethmelillo2154 4 месяца назад

I'm delighted to see another video of yours. I've been watching them at a rate of one a day, since I found your channel.

@LunaChuu00 4 месяца назад

Fun fact: If you didn’t realize, pythons 🐍 are actually named after the dragon/snake Apollo killed (the latin word came that from the greek original). Πύθων - python

@razy3227 4 месяца назад

To some degree we have to accept that emotional spiritual experience can explain most forms of mysticism. Often Hellenic religion is looked at as either a prestine non mystical belief somehow being a precursor to Christianity or as being superstitious nonsense. Both rob Hellenism of its unique religious quality. I am not a scientist so I am not sure how much of the gasses are needed to affect a subject but either way, I think even if it was just a nonhalusinigenic vapor people could still have an emotional religious experience with it and that doesn't rob Hellenic Religion of its substance. They felt a connection with the god, and as modern people looking back we should respect their religion as a real emotional experience regardless of explanation. I am biased as I'm myself am a Hellenic pagan and believe that she was indeed an oracle of Apollo. Often in academia and by common people the religion is seen as a joke even historically. Many lay people see Hellenic paganism as believing in Marvel superheroes or in basically devil worship. And some academics tend to see it as primitive pre-scientific people trying to explain the world without scientific truth. But to look at any religion either of these ways is robbing the religion of it's depth and meaning. Religion is a system of interpreting meaning from things and ancient people found meaning from the physical world around them. As the gods made up the world, the world was their bible. And so it's not surprising that they would find these vapors and this site meaningful, as do I.

@kezia8027 4 месяца назад

I'm Agnostic, raised christian/athiest - and honestly helenic and pagan religions seem exactly as reasonable as "modern day" religions like christianity or hinduism. Even in non theistic spiritual/religious practises such as those who practice the occult and wiccan traditions - hell even to an extent fortune tellers and tarot readers all to an extent perform the same role for different people. Helping them to make sense of a world that is inherently confusing and help them to make decisions around navigating that world, through various lenses. With the rise of Atheism and non-theism over the last few decades, we too have seen a rise in non-theistic spiritual practices (again predominantly occult/wiccan) which can still provide a spiritual support to people. If a god were to speak through a medium who is to say that it wouldn't have been through the natural scientific means we are aware of now? Either the smoke or similar rituals did actually help commune with the gods, in which case their purpose is self evident, or they aided in the ritual of the spiritual ceremony which itself also plays a role in the human psyche, well-being and understanding of the world at large. At the very least, whether someone believes these oracles were communing with deities or not, they without a doubt provided a hugely influential service to their communities and the world at large and did without a doubt alter the courses of peoples lives. Whether you believe this was ordained or orchestrated by a deity is up to individual interpretation, but regardless of the root cause, the impact is undeniable.

@fraktaalimuoto 4 месяца назад

You said it well. I have practiced the occult for many years. The emotional experience of rituals and such should not be underestimated. However, it still seems to be a subject that is avoided by large body of academicians.

@babyblue3717 4 месяца назад

I'm also a hellenistic pagan. Thank you so much for this comment. It's always humiliating and infuriating to see the way people disregard hellenism, both from the Christian and from the scientific perspectives.

@CatarigMaTt 4 месяца назад

Yay! new video by Kaz!!

@grannygrouch 4 месяца назад

Three cheers for this well researched and delightfully presented video! The site if Delphi itself is awe inspiring with the vista reaching, through two other peaks, a view of the sea far below and many miles away. This grandeur no doubt added to the already mythic atmosphere of the place. The second most important oracle of the Hellenic world was Didmya, located in modern Turkiye, and like most things associated with Apollo, was connected to a sacred spring.

@dovemakes 2 месяца назад

"Are you still with me? I know the geology stuff can be a little dense." Me: a geographer who hadn't even considered that it might have been for others lol

@alisonyahna8041 4 месяца назад

For thousands of years BEFORE the Temple was claimed by the powerful patriarchal priests of Apollo it was a Temple of the Earth Mother Gaia. It was the center, Navel or Womb of the earth and guarded by a great snake or dragon. Under the Greek ruins are Mycenean ruins and the earliest evidence shows us the site was used by Minoan priestesses, the earliest structure was a hut made of beeswax and vulture feathers. The priestesses were called 'Delphic bees' and the cliffs surrounding the site (a power place or vortex of Earth energy) were full of wild bee hives that caused it to hummmm. All the Apollo stuff is very very late and already well into the decline of the site, and we dont really know what happened before the 'his-story'.

@kaloarepo288 4 месяца назад

The word "python" comes from the Greek word that means "to smell and be putrid" -this is related to the myth of the sun God Apollo killing the primeval serpent or dragon of Chaos and its putrefying corpse causes the odor that comes up through the ground at Delphi -the priestesses were known as pythonesses.The Italian word 'puzza" is also related to this word.

@cthulhukc7six6six37 4 месяца назад

I love the insight and thoroughly appreciate the effort poured into all the topics. Best to Kaz and this community keep learning and loving.

@eyjayy 4 месяца назад

youre so good at presenting things as rly understandable despite a lot of complexity! this was a great watch

@zo8139 Месяц назад

Just discovered your channel and I dont understand how you dont have millions of viewers! Ur videos are amazing and its great finding people who genuinely do decent research

@aquaaria3489 4 месяца назад

I aspire to make my enemies panic at my predictions as I’m high as a kite

@meiguess6765 4 месяца назад

okay but the outfit and makeup is STUNNING 💖

@ArchivistEmoceans 2 месяца назад

I just found your channel last night and I’m loving it. I would LOVE listening to you talking about the Maenads.

@CarversFieldbook 4 месяца назад

It's hard to express how exciting it is when we get a new Kaz video. And as always the fit goes hard

@intern_dana 4 месяца назад

perfect timing! i just opened the app to find things to watch while i knit~ (also ive just gotten into hades and was working on a fan design for an oracle of delphi so this is ticking all my boxes lol)

@tenebrousoul9368 4 месяца назад

Kaz, would you consider covering Cassandra/Kassandra from greek mythology? I'd love to hear your take.

@abyssofstuff8730 4 месяца назад

man this video would have been SO helpful in my ancient history class last year, we spent an entire term analysing the ancient texts and modern studies on delphi. Would have been great to watch for an introduction and revising before exams

@EmptyFeet 4 месяца назад

this has been on my mind this week! a fortuitously timed video

@EmelieWaldken 4 месяца назад

Would have loved to hear what Dionysus had to say. He was a traveller, an exotic deity, full of trance stuff and all. If I should become a sibyl I'd prolly go like you for Athena, although Hekate and Artemis would interest me too.

@lorenaml 4 месяца назад

THANK U KAZ, your videos bring me such joy!!!! I love how much detail and care you put in your research, its always so cool!!!!! You are the best, i hope you have a great week 😊

@piotr_jurkiewicz 4 месяца назад

Girl, you are my favorite historian on the platform. I wish you all the milestones. Great content.

@Tavi78 4 месяца назад

Greek history/mythology deeply fascinates me and i’m so glad i stumbled across your channel! instant sub

@JeraWizard 4 месяца назад

Thank you for releasing a video today, it's been a Terrible Week and this is such a good distraction

@missvioletnightchild2515 4 месяца назад

The Sapho tshirt is peak! ❤ Another excellent video. I went to Delphi in 1992 so it's fascinating to hear what developments have happened in the years since! And you managed to make geology interesting and easy to understand ❤

@SombreroPharoah 4 месяца назад

OK, most hyped for any your videos I've ever been!

@marymanic8958 3 месяца назад

You did all this research and writing AND you made and pulled off such a fantastic costume? You and your content is a gift and I’m so glad I found your wonderful videos

@sf2132 4 месяца назад

You are such a joy! Thank you for all of the effort that you put into your research and costumes! You are a treasure! Sending much love ❣️

@bernbar 4 месяца назад

I majored in Classical Civilizations and was lucky enough to go to Delphi! I didn't smell any vapors when I was there, but the gas theory was the one widely agreed upon in my class. People use religion as a way to explain the unknown. And I am sure there isn't an unlimited supply of ethanol gas there, so that would explain the low numbers recorded later on. Maybe 2,000+ years ago it was still very strong? As always, your videos are amazing and so well researched, and I love seeing the outfits you wear along with your personal takes on these topics.

@julietfischer5056 4 месяца назад

They may have used a variety of methods to induce the necessary states. A millennium is a long time.

@bernbar 4 месяца назад

Oh, for sure. Like how a lot of Native Americans smoked Mugwort for rituals and that is known to give hallucinations.@@julietfischer5056

@bernbar 4 месяца назад

@@xunqianbaidu6917 do you mind sharing the studies that debunked the theory? I only found articles stating everything Kaz mentioned about the fault lines creating ethane and methane and that ethylene was found in the spring water, not in the air.

@benjalucian1515 4 месяца назад

@@xunqianbaidu6917 What bernbar said. The ethylene theory has not been debunked. No one said the gas was in the air. They found traces in the water and in the travertine stone around the water.

@flannelsarah4992 4 месяца назад

this was so fascinating, i didn't really know about any of this! I also love your outfit, the pearls in your hair and your gold earrings especially are beautiful!

@user-jw1ub6ix1n 4 месяца назад

hi kaz! as always your videos are always so cool and informative. i really admire the research behind every one of them as well as your outfits!!

@bricksloth6920 4 месяца назад

Okay now I'm wondering why it was okay to do divination with birbs but not with fish. I always thought they had similar movements in groups. 🤔 And I've been woolgathering instead of paying attention. Now I have to rewind.

@BrianLamar-es3my 4 месяца назад

You should do a video on Aleister Crowley he's is a very interesting subject

@Arcane_Archer 4 месяца назад

Yesss I would love this!

@lukelee7967 4 месяца назад

Kaz, you do some of the best history essay videos on RU-vid

@eddieboi4277 4 месяца назад

Your channel is so cool!! I always learn such rad stuff here!

@thoughtsofelizabeth 4 месяца назад

I love your kyton, kaz. The trim is fantastic. A kyton was the first garment i ever made. (Not being sarcastic. Recognizing the garment as a kyton just from the top made my night.)

@lorenaml 4 месяца назад

Well wishes to your friend, i hope she can get her treatment and heal

@marissathompson6707 4 месяца назад

I really like hearing the narrative through the historical context, how it was disseminated and reevaluated throughout time. An ebb and flow of information. I feel like this is a unique approach that helps us to consider broader contextual factors. I’ve seen videos on similar topics that only depict a short window of information that is presented as conclusive. Kaz really lets the information speak for itself in an eloquently and thoroughly researched way.

@twilimidna_ 3 месяца назад

I just found your channel and I cant stop watching.

@carolinecagle3266 4 месяца назад

Such an enjoyable listen. Give us geology!! Give us whatever you like!

@Lady_dromeda 4 месяца назад

(About June’s Journey) my detective club has done very well in events somehow, despite literally only having one member. It’s literally just me.

@Ihadthismate 4 месяца назад

Great video as always Kaz. My heart goes out to Katie and her friends and family. You're doing a wonderful thing with this months charity. Just a side note, I'm sure most of us would love to see your cat in future videos! they would be a great companion/sidekick/familiar for your videos!

@TinyEpics 4 месяца назад

Love your channel! So happy to have found it. Subscribed. ❤

@cyana5867 4 месяца назад

Cute costume!

@andrewbenn5261 4 месяца назад

Hello. I love your videos, watching them is always a treat. I wanted to mention that weed smoking is attested in the ancient world - Herodotus talks about Scythians doing it. He does do it with a “those ignorant barbarians” vibe and it’s clear he doesn’t approve of the practice. So it’s entirely reasonable to say the Greeks didn’t toke the smoke, but the plant and its effects were known about and it was used as a recreational drug. It’s a minor point and adds nothing to your discussion, so sorry to be that guy :)