Talking torcs: a craft perspective on Iron Age gold - Dr Tessa Machling and Roland Williamson 

Tess Machling is an Independent Researcher based in St Albans. Roland Williamson is a Museum Replica Maker of 40 years’ experience, and who is based in Cheltenham. Tess and Roland have been researching torcs since 2015, when they realised that the prevalent manufacturing theories for Iron Age gold torcs were incorrect. This in turn has led to an ongoing research project involving a team of goldsmiths, silversmiths and jewellers which aims to understand the methods used to create Iron Age gold artefacts and to examine how this may allow a better understanding of goldsmithing and trade/exchange/gifting in Iron Age Britain and Ireland.