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I'm not trying to upset u or anything but I'd like to try and help you pronounce names words correctly so Macedonia is pronounced (Mass - C - Doone `A)
@@kristinedietz1440 All good, thanks for your feedback. However, traditionally it can be pronounced as Makedon. Μακεδών (Makedón) is related to the Greek μᾰκεδνός (makednós, “tall, slim”). Both adjectives traditionally derive from the Indo-European root *mak- or *meh2k-, meaning "long, slender", cognate with poetic Greek makednós or mēkedanós "long, tall", mãkos and Attic mẽkos "length". The same root and meaning has been duly assigned to the tribal name of the Macedonians.
Great video, @@HoH. One mistake in the time from 7:50 - 8:30; you say "the movements of his allies", but I'm pretty sure you should've said "of his enemies"...? Also, I would say that resistance against the Macedonians would've been far from futile, if the Athenians had not abandoned proper cohesion with the rest of the line. If they had maintained the phalanx properly, I think they would've had a very good chance to hold out, if not outright defeat them...
@@HoH It was the SPartans who conquered southern Greece. Phiip and his son Alexander had no intention of conquering Greece, being Greeks themselves, their intention was to bring stability to Greece and unite the Greek warring states with Macedonia as the leading Greek state. The Intention of Philip and Alexander was thus to create a united Imperial Greece - a pan-Hellenic or All-Greek league of united Greek states under the Greek Imperial rule of Philip himself who appointed himself Hegemon or commander general of all of Greece.
Philip II after conquering Greece: "What a magnificent day for my kingdom. This has undoubtedly been the greatest of all my warlike feats!" Alexander the Great: "Absolutely, father. History will never know another King whose reign ended with such a memorable conquest." Philip II: "YEAH...What?"
#LOL! Remember at the time, the invasion of Persia that occurred several years to a decade or more later was not even in the planning stages at this point. So, Alexander was possibly just being a bit sycophantic to his father; or, maybe, he actually believed this at the time...?
@@xallstatex2910 indeed and stupidity as well. Herodotus Thoucididis Arianus Plutarch Dionissius Alicarnasseus Hesiod Pliny Cicero, Charles-Louis de Secondat Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu as well as contemporary archeologists. Study or resume the name of of one of Alex's friends, Voukephealas. A city was constructed after his name by Alex. In case you cannot trace the etymology of the name just look at a mirror
Girl 1#: "He didn't cry with Titanic! Can you believe it?!" Girl 2#: "Do boys even have feelings?" Philip III Arrhidaeus: "The Day of the Battle of Cheronea, my brother Alexander told me that, the moment he set foot on the battlefield, he would never flee from it. When he died at the age of 32, his back was the only part of his body without a scar" True Men: 😢
Alexander the Great addressing the dead Greeks of the Battle of Chaeronea: “Holy shadows of the dead, I’m not to blame for your cruel and bitter fate, but the accursed rivalry which brought sister nations and brother people to fight one another. I do not feel happy for this victory of mine. On the contrary, I would be glad, brothers, if I had all of you standing here next to me, since we are united by the same language, the same blood and the same visions” (Historiae Alexandri Magni, 6.3.11, by Roman historian Quintus Curtius Rufus)
The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "As members of the Greek race and speakers of the Greek language, the Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms" N G L Hammond (1992), 'The Miracle that was Macedonia', p 206
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS, THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar." George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow, University College Oxford
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI". Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439:
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "That the (ancient) Macedonians were Greeks by race there can no longer be any doubt. They were the northernmost fragments of the Greek race left stranded behind the barriers of mount Olympus. However isolation from the Aegean had withheld them from progress in the arts and civilisation" [Benjamin Ide Wheeler, 'Alexander the Great' p. 10]
I visited Chaironeia, Orchomenos, Thebes and Leuctra last year for research on Sulla’s victory trophies and the trophy of Leuctra. I think that, out of all the monuments and sights, the Lion of Chaironeia made the biggest impression. It is so much more imposing and huge in-person than images can convey, absolutely amazing find, and even more so considering what lies beneath. Great video, love to see that you guys are covering so many lesser known battles as well (not that this one isn’t famous, it certainly is!). Keep it up!
“Alexander, I demand you remember Greece, for the sake of which you embarked on this expedition, with the sole intention to add Asia to Greece. …so that by the Macedonians you are treated as a man in the way FIT FOR GREEKS to honour, and only by the barbarians in the barbarian way……And the Macedonians APPROVED his speech.” Arrian, Anabasis, 4.11.7-12.1
When I hear about Charonea, I usually start to think about... the battle of Maciejowice in 1794, where Suvorov decisively defeated Tadeusz Kościuszko, thus sealing the final demise of the old Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. All because Polish romantic poet Juliusz Słowacki (who traveled to Greece in 1836) compared the two battles.
Hallowed be thy name, King Philip and King Alexander… For uniting all Greek City States & Kingdoms to avenge the Persian invasions in Greece some 150 years prior.. Eternal glory to our formidable ancestors 🔥🏛️🇬🇷
The sight of many battles prior to this and after this but there's no one like this one where the Greek hegemony was to be disputed between greek states alone
Thank you House of Historu for saying the correct Pronounciacion of Makedonian instead of the Macedonian! You have done well. Commended. Македонски Македонија
I don't remember Sparta has having surrendered to Philip. He sent the Spartans a message saying that if he had to fight them, he would kill all of Sparta's soldiers , enslave it's women and all for nothing. Sparta sent back a one word answer.... If.
People often under-value the military a Phillip II and don't give him the credit he deserves. But that man fought a lot of battles to ensure his kingdom's rise. But his son Alexander learned a lot from his father. I wonder what it would've been like for Phillip II to lead the invasion of Persian. Oh what an irony.
"As members of the Greek race and speakers of the Greek language, the Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms" N G L Hammond (1992), 'The Miracle that was Macedonia', p 206 "We must also remember that Philip and Alexander were Greeks, descended from Heracles, they wished to be recognized by Greeks as benefactors of the Greeks, even as Heracles had been" N G L Hammond (1989), 'Alexander the Great' p. 257 "The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI" Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439: "The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS, THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar" George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow, University College Oxford
Many historical errors. Olympias was not Thracian she was from a Greek tribe that lived in the Epirus area. King Philip did not succeed his father but his brother Perdikas. Do your research.
@@HoH okay thanks I just found your channel a couple weeks ago I'm still catching up with your videos, I've been enjoying all of your content especially the seven years war with Frederick the Great .
The entire origin of Macedonian Dynasty originates form the Argead Dynasty that Alexander the Great, his father Phillip II, and his father Amyntas III where part of. The Argead Dynasty originates from Argos in the Greek heartland 800BCE. The Macedonians therefor have a strong connection to the Spartans who both where much stronger aligned to Homeroc beliefs than Athenians who where much more foward thinking. Macedonians where strongly believing in the same Olympian gods. The Vergina sun symbol was used all over Greece and is a prime symbol used in Macedon. The 16 star Vergina sun symbol stands for the 12 Olympian gods and the 4 elements. And there are many Macedonian sites all in Greece as it als ways has been that show its 100% Greek character. In fact. The mountains in the north of the Greek kingdom of Macedon were the natural borders of the Hellenic world and that of non Greek tribes. Namely. In the north of these natural border mountains are the Paeonian, a non Grrek tribe that are now the lands that in the 8th century AD, 1000 years after Alexander the great was invaded by Slavic people who migrated from a region in the north of Ukraine in Russia. In fact. Kastoria has not only the oldest linear writing in the world dated to 7300 years ago, but what is equally spectacular is that obsidian is used here in this Neolithic town, which came from the trade over the same territory of Greece from Milos, 600 km to the south. Which is amazing as the people of Greece have been strongly tied to eachother even through trade 8000 years ago
The Macedonians were anxious to assert their Greekness (the Athenian orator Demosthenes called them barbarians), but their own language (apparently unintelligible to other Greeks) lacked the cultural prestige to match their imperial ambitions. New Testament Greek: A Reader (Reading Greek) by Joint Association of Classical Teachers (Author) pp.204 The Macedonians were a neighboring people in the northern Aegean who spoke a language that was similar to Greek yet apparently unintelligible to Greek speakers. After long existence as an Aegean backwater, Macedonia emerged in the mid-fourth century BC to become the most powerful state in the region and eventually the entire eastern Mediterranean world. Over time Greek colonization and military hegemony in the wider Aegean resulted in Hellenic cultural diffusion: the process of assimilation was slow, but by the early fourth century BC the Macedonian royal court had made several significant advances. With its dispersed rural population Macedonia also possessed a greater capacity for military manpower than any individual Greek city-state. Were these resources ever harnessed by an effective king, Macedonia's potential as an Aegean power was considerable. A Short History of the Ancient World by Nicholas K. Rauh (Author), Heidi E. Kraus (Author), John C. Hill (Contributor) p.167 The Macedonians were probably not Greek; scholars are still unsure whether the Macedonian language was an archaic dialect of Greek or an altogether separate language. The Greeks certainly viewed the Macedonians as barbarians, although the Greeks allowed them to participate as “Greeks” in the Olympic games beginning in the fifth century B.C.E. Unlike the Greeks, the Macedonians were mostly rural folk and were organized in tribes, not city-states. Western Civilization: A Brief History 9th Edition by Jackson J. Spielvogel (Author) p.74 Macedon advanced neighbors but capable of learning from them and ultimately of conquering them. Though rich in resources and manpower, Macedon lacked the relatively efficient organization of the polis. Several dialects of Greek were spoken, some unintelligible to southern Greeks, who considered Macedonians "barbarians" (from the Greek barbaros, meaning "a person who does not speak Greek"). Ordinary Macedonians lived hardy lives, while the king and the royal court inhabited a sophisticated capital city, Pella, where they sponsored visits by leading Greek artists and writers. Philip II confounded Greek stereotypes of Macedonian barbarism by turning out to be a brilliant soldier and statesman. He was tough and seemingly unstoppable. Cengage Advantage Books: Western Civilization: Beyond Boundaries, Volume II 7th Edition by Thomas F. X. Noble (Author), Barry Strauss (Author), Duane Osheim (Author), Kristen Neuschel (Author), Elinor Accampo (Author) p.91 This kind of strategic decision does not require that Macedonian should have been similar to the new "international" language. In summing up. Crossland says again that the evidence does not indicate convincingly that Macedonian was a dialect of Greek rather than a separate Indo-European language. Even Toynbee, who is persuaded in the opposite direction by the very flimsy evidence we have considered above emphasizes that the evidence is "fragmentary,... confused and self-contradictory."" In practi cal terms this suggests that modern Greeks may have to look elsewhere for convincing evidence that ancient Macedonians were Greek. Macedonia and Greece: The Struggle to Define a New Balkan Nation by John Shea (Author) p.35
The entire origin of Macedonian Dynasty originates form the Argead Dynasty that Alexander the Great, his father Phillip II, and his father Amyntas III where part of. The Argead Dynasty originates from Argos in the Greek heartland 800BCE. The Macedonians therefor have a strong connection to the Spartans who both where much stronger aligned to Homeroc beliefs than Athenians who where much more foward thinking. Macedonians where strongly believing in the same Olympian gods. The Vergina sun symbol was used all over Greece and is a prime symbol used in Macedon. The 16 star Vergina sun symbol stands for the 12 Olympian gods and the 4 elements. And there are many Macedonian sites all in Greece as it always has been that show its 100% Greek character. In fact. The mountains in the north of the Greek kingdom of Macedon were the natural borders of the Hellenic world and that of non Greek tribes. Namely. In the north of these natural border mountains are the Paeonian, a non Grrek tribe that are now the lands that in the 8th century AD, 1000 years after Alexander the great was invaded by Slavic people who migrated from a region in the north of Ukraine in Russia. In fact. Kastoria has not only the oldest linear writing in the world dated to 7300 years ago, but what is equally spectacular is that obsidian is used here in this Neolithic town, which came from the trade over the same territory of Greece from Milos, 600 km to the south. Which is amazing as the people of Greece have been strongly tied to eachother even through trade 8000 years ago
Middle Dorian -Timenides Argos - Hesiod Herodotus then all the rest plutarch Flavius Arrianus up to Charles-Louis de Secondat Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu and so on.
The Spartans called the Athenians sissies the Athenians the Spartans bunch of cutthroats and dimosthenes as Kleon and a few others ( dimagogos) wanted power playing on the idea our city is the true Greeks. The Athenians wanted to be the centre of science yet minor Asia cities (or isles) born much better scholars or scientists to Athenian dismay. Athenian wifes had to obey restrictions were as Spartan ladies had to train or as the rest of minor Asia ones enjoy freedom. Philip a grand grand son of goat keepers ( expressions still in use in Greece), witty with as much education he could get liked drinking and women, he got married to 7 of them. Pangaion hold made the difference getting Phill's kingdom out of poverty. Dimosthenes as Philip came closer to Athens changed his point of view!!! (Out of fear!!, If can read Greek Latin French German or English to trace texts and Sourses on the matter or any relevant info let say a topic word ( Timenides Alex A participed in Olympic games at 460 BC as Ilian Hellanodikes confirmed - Olympic judges as only Greeks were aloud to participate. The day Phil's son Alex was born, Phil received a championship olive chaplet, as a winner in chariot races in Olympic games). Now you are in title to disregard all available sourses throughout time yet you may still believe Dimosthenes. I 'd say could you tell us what does Voukephealas as a name mean, a close friend of Alex ( built a city after him) no? Just look at a mirror plus, I say you are malakas, cause my name is Dimosthenes
"Ancient allegations that the Macedonians were non-Greek all had their origin in Athens at the time of the struggle with Philip II. Then as now, political struggle created the prejudice. The orator Aeschines once even found it necessary, to counteract the prejudice vigorously fomented by his opponents, to defend Philip on this issue and describe him at a meeting of the Athenian Popular Assembly as being 'ENTIRELY GREEK'. Demosthenes' allegations were lent an appearance of credibility by the fact, apparent to every observer, that the life-style of the Macedonians, being determined by specific geographical and historical conditions, was different to that of a Greek city-state. This alien way of life was, however, common to western Greeks of Epirus, Akarnania and Aitolia, as well as to the Macedonians, and THEIR FUNDAMENTAL GREEK NATIONALITY WAS NEVER DOUBTED. Only as a consequence of the political disagreement with Macedonia was the issue raised at all." Errington 1994, p. 4:Errington, Malcolm (1994). A History of Macedonia. Barnes Noble
Hearing him say Mack- edonia just throws off whole video. Every time I hear it said I get stuck right there and miss the next few sentences he says because I keep saying to myself, "why is he pronouncing Macedonia like that?" Other than that good video.
He's actually pronouncing Mακεδονία correctly, unlike most English speakers who were taught to pronounce it wrongly. What he pronounces wrongly is "Thebes".
It was the SPartans who conquered southern Greece. Phiip and his son Alexander had no intention of conquering Greece, being Greeks themselves, their intention was to bring stability to the Greek warring states and unite them with Macedonia as the leading Greek state. The Intention of Philip and Alexander was thus to create a united Imperial Greece - a pan-Hellenic or All-Greek league of united Greek states under the Greek Imperial rule of Philip himself who appointed himself Hegemon or commander general of all of Greece.
Being Macedonian, makes me very proud.. not because of the victory, more that its being recognised as Macedonian empire.. not Greek, not north Macedonia. Just Macedonia period.. we r in the year 2024, and man( humanity). Still fighting with one another, haven't evolved as a race on bit.. history of violence, when will this end.
16:21 "But the cities continued to exist throughout the ages. Thebes didn't. Thebes was destroyed and never really recovered. It's amazing you chose to leave that out altogether.
First, in that battle Macedonians defeated a coalition of Greeks. Second, ancient Greece was never a country or unified kingdom. There were many Greek city-states that had or hadn't any coalition between them. So, please correct the title.
@@ioulianosparavatis2756 You don't understand, the city states of Argos and Arcadia were allies of Macedonia and fought with the Macedonians against Athens and Thebes
The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
"As members of the Greek race and speakers of the Greek language, the Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms" N G L Hammond (1992), 'The Miracle that was Macedonia', p 206
"The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS, THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar." George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow, University College Oxford
"The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI". Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439:
"That the (ancient) Macedonians were Greeks by race there can no longer be any doubt. They were the northernmost fragments of the Greek race left stranded behind the barriers of mount Olympus. However isolation from the Aegean had withheld them from progress in the arts and civilisation" [Benjamin Ide Wheeler, 'Alexander the Great' p. 10]
"The Macedonian people and their kings were of Greek stock, as their traditions and the scanty remains of their language combine to testify.” John Bagnell Bury, “A History of Greece to the Death of Alexander the Great”, 2nd ed.
Macedon advanced neighbors but capable of learning from them and ultimately of conquering them. Though rich in resources and manpower, Macedon lacked the relatively efficient organization of the polis. Several dialects of Greek were spoken, some unintelligible to southern Greeks, who considered Macedonians "barbarians" (from the Greek barbaros, meaning "a person who does not speak Greek"). Ordinary Macedonians lived hardy lives, while the king and the royal court inhabited a sophisticated capital city, Pella, where they sponsored visits by leading Greek artists and writers. Philip II confounded Greek stereotypes of Macedonian barbarism by turning out to be a brilliant soldier and statesman. He was tough and seemingly unstoppable. Cengage Advantage Books: Western Civilization: Beyond Boundaries, Volume II 7th Edition by Thomas F. X. Noble (Author), Barry Strauss (Author), Duane Osheim (Author), Kristen Neuschel (Author), Elinor Accampo (Author) p.91 This kind of strategic decision does not require that Macedonian should have been similar to the new "international" language. In summing up. Crossland says again that the evidence does not indicate convincingly that Macedonian was a dialect of Greek rather than a separate Indo-European language. Even Toynbee, who is persuaded in the opposite direction by the very flimsy evidence we have considered above emphasizes that the evidence is "fragmentary,... confused and self-contradictory."" In practi cal terms this suggests that modern Greeks may have to look elsewhere for convincing evidence that ancient Macedonians were Greek. Macedonia and Greece: The Struggle to Define a New Balkan Nation by John Shea (Author) p.35 It is possible that the ancient Macedonian language was closely related to Greek, but we have too little information to reach any conclusions. For a historical summary, see Price (1998: 211-224), Hoenigswald (1998) or Horrocks (1997). Dictionary of Historical and Comparative Linguistics 1st Edition by R.L. Trask (Editor) p.144
"As members of the Greek race and speakers of the Greek language, the Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms" N G L Hammond (1992), 'The Miracle that was Macedonia', p 206
"The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS, THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar." George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow, University College Oxford
"The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI". Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439:
"That the (ancient) Macedonians were Greeks by race there can no longer be any doubt. They were the northernmost fragments of the Greek race left stranded behind the barriers of mount Olympus. However isolation from the Aegean had withheld them from progress in the arts and civilisation" [Benjamin Ide Wheeler, 'Alexander the Great' p. 10]
"The Macedonian people and their kings were of Greek stock, as their traditions and the scanty remains of their language combine to testify.” John Bagnell Bury, “A History of Greece to the Death of Alexander the Great”, 2nd ed.
how did these not too large kingdoms and city states produce and maintain such large armies? in other words: how were medieval armies (so much later) so much smaller? for example, the 1066 battles for Britain seem like bad jokes with those tiny armies. thanks, anybody
The greates causes I can name without further research is that we are talking about a Professional army on the side of Makedonia and as in the video they had gold to pay for it. Also, being the Northern borderland of Greece they were at the mercy of barbarians and the Persians before that, so they decided to create a professional army. On the side of the rest of the Greek Kingdoms with the exception of Spartans you are talking about citizen soldiers called to fight for their homes mainly. They had their own equipment and training and most city-states used the conscription system similar to Modern day Greece for example. Lastly, these civilizations, Greece, Persia, Egypt etc were running for thousands of years already. The greek dark ages for example were centuries behind them. They had vast amounts of trade routes and colonies like Byzantium (later named Constantinople, then Instabul in 1922 by the turks), Suracuse, Marseille etc. The Medieval periods did not have the consept of citizen since they followed the feudal system, so common people were no better than poor slaves working the fields. Hope I helped, sorry if exagerated!
Traditionally it can be pronounced as Makedon. Μακεδών (Makedón) is related to the Greek μᾰκεδνός (makednós, “tall, slim”). Both adjectives traditionally derive from the Indo-European root *mak- or *meh2k-, meaning "long, slender", cognate with poetic Greek makednós or mēkedanós "long, tall", mãkos and Attic mẽkos "length". The same root and meaning has been duly assigned to the tribal name of the Macedonians.
Alexander I, King of Macedon (reigned 498-454 BC): "...you should say to the King [King of Persia] who sent you, that A HELLENE [Alexander I of Macedon], the Grandmaster of Macedon, welcomed you...." Herodotus [5.20.4] "πρὸς δὲ καὶ βασιλέϊ τῷ πέμψαντι ἀπαγγείλητε ὡς ἀνὴρ Ἕλλην, Μακεδὼν ὕπαρχος, εὖ ὑμέας ἐδέξατο". Alexander III AKA the Great, King of Macedon (reigned 332-323 BC): "Your ancestors came to Macedonia and THE REST OF HELLAS (Greece) and did us great harm, though we had done them no prior injury. I have been appointed LEADER OF THE GREEKS, and wanting to punish the Persians I have come to Asia, which I took from you..." Alexander's letter to Persian king Darius in response to a truce plea, as quoted in Anabasis Alexandri by Arrian; translated as Anabasis of Alexander by P. A. Brunt, for the "Loeb Edition" Book II 14, 4 PHILIP V, King of Macedon (reigned 221 to 179 BC): "For on many occasions when I AND THE OTHER GREEKS sent embassies to you begging you to remove from your statutes the law empowering you to get booty from booty, you replied that you would rather remove Aetolia from Aetolia than that law." [Polyvius, 18.4.8]
The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "As members of the Greek race and speakers of the Greek language, the Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms" N G L Hammond (1992), 'The Miracle that was Macedonia', p 206
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS, THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar." George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow, University College Oxford
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI". Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439:
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "That the (ancient) Macedonians were Greeks by race there can no longer be any doubt. They were the northernmost fragments of the Greek race left stranded behind the barriers of mount Olympus. However isolation from the Aegean had withheld them from progress in the arts and civilisation" [Benjamin Ide Wheeler, 'Alexander the Great' p. 10]
The royal house of Macedon, which ruled in the millennium before Christ, has legendary origins from the Greek god of thunder, Zeus. In reality, they are likely to have been a tribe who migrated up from beyond the Greek islands. In the 7th century BC the Makedoni started to mix with the non-Greek-speaking tribes of Paconia and Pelagonia. Descriptions of these people from the classics of Thucydides, Herodotus and Tacitus show that the Pacons were mostly mountain people, strong and quick, who also influenced the language spoken by the Macedonians. As Professor Nicholas Hammond, the leading authority on ancient Macedonia, says, ancient Macedonian 'contained words of early Greek origin but was not intelligible to contemporary Greeks. The Macedonians in general did not consider themselves Greeks, nor were they considered Greeks by their neighbours. The royal house on the other hand being of foreign extraction and divine descent' (Hammond) were confirmed as Greek in the 5th century BC when they were allowed to compete in the Olympics. Macedonia (Bradt Travel Guide) Paperback - June 7, 2015 by Thammy Evans (Author), Rudolf Abraham (Author) p.41
"The ANCIENT MACEDONIANS WERE GREEKS, THEIR LANGUAGE WAS GREEK to judge by their personal names, and by the names of the months of their calendar" George Cawkwell, Emeritus Fellow, University College Oxford "As members of the Greek race and speakers of the Greek language, the Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms" N G L Hammond (1992), 'The Miracle that was Macedonia', p 206 "The latest archaeological findings HAVE CONFIRMED that Macedonia took its name from a tribe of tall, GREEK-speaking people, the MAKEDNOI" Nigel Guy Wilson, Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece, Routledge, 2009, p.439:
@@vangelisskia214 The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
@@Nomadicenjoyer31 "That the (ancient) Macedonians were Greeks by race there can no longer be any doubt. They were the northernmost fragments of the Greek race left stranded behind the barriers of mount Olympus. However isolation from the Aegean had withheld them from progress in the arts and civilisation" [Benjamin Ide Wheeler, 'Alexander the Great' p. 10]
Haha, hadn't heard that one before. Traditionally it can be pronounced as Makedon. Μακεδών (Makedón) is related to the Greek μᾰκεδνός (makednós, “tall, slim”). Both adjectives traditionally derive from the Indo-European root *mak- or *meh2k-, meaning "long, slender", cognate with poetic Greek makednós or mēkedanós "long, tall", mãkos and Attic mẽkos "length". The same root and meaning has been duly assigned to the tribal name of the Macedonians.
@@mikecord231 All good, I've received countless comments like yours. I am sticking with Makedon for future videos, just because it feels more natural to me. But Mass-edon would be good as well, it's just different.
From what I gathered, traditionally it can be pronounced as Makedon. Μακεδών (Makedón) is related to the Greek μᾰκεδνός (makednós, “tall, slim”). Both adjectives traditionally derive from the Indo-European root *mak- or *meh2k-, meaning "long, slender", cognate with poetic Greek makednós or mēkedanós "long, tall", mãkos and Attic mẽkos "length". The same root and meaning has been duly assigned to the tribal name of the Macedonians.
It was the SPartans who conquered southern Greece. Phiip and his son Alexander had no intention of conquering Greece, being Greeks themselves, their intention was to bring stability to the Greek warring states and unite them with Macedonia as the leading Greek state. The Intention of Philip and Alexander was thus to create a united Imperial Greece - a pan-Hellenic or All-Greek league of united Greek states under the Greek Imperial rule of Philip himself who appointed himself Hegemon or commander general of all of Greece.
Correction: Macedonia conquers Thebes and subjugates Athens. There was no.... Macedon vs Greece. Macedonians were Greeks and Macedonia was a province of Greece. It's the same as if you say: English conquer London.
are there in this ancient time Greek city States, as you are explaining. somehow you are confused, in explaining Filip of Macedon and Aleksandar. There was nothing Called Greek city states only city states. Greece emerged 1832 AD and you are talking about 2300 year over or more correct, Greece just made 190 Years of existence. Prove me wrong. Greece: (OTTO THE FIRST AND THE ONLY ONE KING OF GREECE. German Bavarian: Otto Fredrich Ludwig von Bayern, 1 June 1815 - 26 July 1867 AD) was a first Bavarian Prince as a King who Ruled Greece from the establishment of the monarchy on 27 May 1832, under the Convention of London, until he was deposed on 23 October 1862. Prove me if I'm wrong. The history is gone up to shit. how someone can learn true history. You are not even Macedonian. who give you right to under estimate some people. When America, England, France, Spain, Portuguese, They concurred countries they left enormous marks, how on earth Greece becomes so popular they don't even have their own King, I got no problem with the name.
Macedonia is the first greek land. The first ever greek capital named arantis was were is today's city of Thessaloniki. Macedonia was the region from were greeks expanded not in 330s but in 11000 bc before the grecoatlantean world wars. Macedonia is not just a greek land but the greek motherland.
The Macedonians were a Greek tribe. Greeks just fought between them and they do now. Very rarely they unite. I.e Sparta fought Athens, Corinth, Thebes, Thrace etc etc even Athens fighting Atlantis. At some point the Cretans were dominant. Need another example, the Greek tribe of Troy and its allies fought another league of Greek city states. Its misleading when films or other present things differently.
I would like to point out a little thing about the title. It should be Macedon or Makedon conquers the southern Greek city states.Greece then as it is now didn't Finnish beyond Attica or Boietia.if you describe a historical battle every thing has to be accurate.otherwise is pseudo history by default or propaganda
@@HoH it did and included Macedon,Epirus parts of Thrace and in Asia Minor ,Ionia,Aiolis ,Pontos and many others city states and Regions,even in southern Italy and so on.I am very sorry to point out that the title is somehow misleading.at that stage Macedon was a part of Greece proper.it is like a war between Sparta( Lakedaimon) and Athens ( Attica) been two different people or ethnicities. The Macedonians didn't beat the GREEKS at Charonea.( Χαιρωνεια). But a coalition of southern Greek states ,like Athens,Thebes and a few minor ones.Please don't take me wrong.I like fantasy stories ,like the series of Conan,the barbarian and others.but when comes down to historical facts ,no matter if it is Chinese history or Mayan history or Mongol history etc ,I think we want truth and facts.and please save the irony ( ειρωνια) for some other time.
@@HoH He means that there was not one united state of Greece, which is a fact. For ancient Greeks "Greece" was wherever Greeks lived and not a particular geographic area. Eg. southern Italy and Sicily were also parts of "Greece" in the Greek mindset of those times. So your title is not accurate. Also because Macedon didn't exactly conquer the southern Greek states, as it never actually incorporated them in the Macedonian state. The Macedonian king became the Hegemon of the "Hellenic league" which is not exactly a "conquest" is it? Finally the Molossians (Olympias' tribe) were Greek Epirotes and not Thracians. I appreciate what you do, but as a historian i feel that i should point out some clear and obvious inaccuracies.
Wonderful outline and interpretation of a very important event in history. For all those hung up on details, and in history there seems to be a never-ending dispute over details, let’s all remember that we really don’t know what was going on or what happened. We can only infer some broad outlines and most of it is guessing. Mildly informed guessing based on dubious sources, but still a dim past only vaguely understood. Histories are constantly rewritten, reinterpreted, and reimagined. It’s a wonderful thing to watch something like this but not only are the details obscure, but social interpretations (such as who were considered “Greeks”) were likely widely (variably) interpreted at the time and can only be speculative today. When you start to infer that human cultures and societies had stark demarcations you perhaps ignore that with humans, there’s often a lot of mixing (genetic, cultural, etc.) going on that blurs those lines. But it makes for endless debate, so I suppose that’s also a very human endeavor. Again, kudos on the sort of visualized history that helps us appreciate our past. ☮️
@@tommyrq180 how do you explain the fact that the Macedonians didn't have their own religion ???i mean the romans and the Etruscans despite having the same gods at least bothered with the names 😂
Greeks today: No you cant call yourself macedonia, you are only north macedonia geographically and slavs, true macedonians were greek! Ancient greeks about macedonians: Barbaroi Talk about taking credit for somebody else. If Alexander was a failure greeks would never try to take credit today and see them as invaders, but everyone wants to side with the winning team I guess. Same with the slavic macedonians today though building Alexander statues. Got to love the redicilousness of the balcan regions inhabitants sometimes :D
"Ancient allegations that the Macedonians were non-Greek all had their origin in Athens at the time of the struggle with Philip II. Then as now, political struggle created the prejudice. The orator Aeschines once even found it necessary, to counteract the prejudice vigorously fomented by his opponents, to defend Philip on this issue and describe him at a meeting of the Athenian Popular Assembly as being 'ENTIRELY GREEK'. Demosthenes' allegations were lent an appearance of credibility by the fact, apparent to every observer, that the life-style of the Macedonians, being determined by specific geographical and historical conditions, was different to that of a Greek city-state. This alien way of life was, however, common to western Greeks of Epirus, Akarnania and Aitolia, as well as to the Macedonians, and THEIR FUNDAMENTAL GREEK NATIONALITY WAS NEVER DOUBTED. Only as a consequence of the political disagreement with Macedonia was the issue raised at all." Errington 1994, p. 4:Errington, Malcolm (1994). A History of Macedonia. Barnes Noble.
@@vandare6913 "nationality" A concept that would only be invented roughly 2000 years later Should be culture at most, there was no greek nationality until a LOT later
Actually your comment is what is totally rediculous pal. You compare the modern Greeks, one of the few ethnic groups worldwide with considerable ethnic continuity according to expert ethnologists such as Anthony D Smith (the leading expert and so-called father of Nationality and Ethnicity studies) and who actually still speak the same language as Alexander did, with the North Monkeydonians who are Slavic speakers and whose ancestors entered the area around a thousand years after Alexander's death?! LOL Clueless...
Herodotus gave a famous account of what defined Greek (Hellenic) ethnic identity (that's what is meant with the term "nationality" by Errington in that ancient context) in his day: 1.shared descent 2.shared language 3.shared sanctuaries and sacrifices 4.shared customs "The kinship of all Greeks in blood and speech, and the shrines of gods and the sacrifices that we have in common, and the likeness of our way of life." Herodotus, 8.144.2
Great video; the graphics, animation, writing, and research are tip top. However, the Pronunciation of Greek places by the narrator is Annoying. #1, It is not "Mac Edone". It's 'Ma Cedon'. Over and Over; McEdon this, McEdon that.. Consistently Annoying! #2, Narrator slips back and forth; 'Tebes' and 'Thebes'.. ? #3, Same with 'Thrace' and N's 'Trace', 'Atens' and ATHens..
Traditionally it can be pronounced as Makedon. Μακεδών (Makedón) is related to the Greek μᾰκεδνός (makednós, “tall, slim”). Both adjectives traditionally derive from the Indo-European root *mak- or *meh2k-, meaning "long, slender", cognate with poetic Greek makednós or mēkedanós "long, tall", mãkos and Attic mẽkos "length". The same root and meaning has been duly assigned to the tribal name of the Macedonians. Point taken about Athens & Thebes, though.
@@HoH Well, 'the more you know.' Thanks for the lesson on the Greek language. But, all the English speaking scholars say 'Ma Cedon'.. it's distracting, 'Mac edon'. yes?
"Scholars agree that Illyrian was Indo-European, but it is unclear whether we are dealing with one or several different Indo-European idioms. We also LACK DEFINITIVE PROOF that Illyrian, in any of its possible forms, is the ancestor of modern Albanian, as is widely assumed today." "From place names, we know that Slavic settlements were also widespread throughout Albania, and it can be assumed that the Slavs came to form the majority population in the region for several centuries." "Much has been written and speculated about the origins of the Albanian people. From their language, we know that they are Indo-Europeans, and they seem to be native to the southern Balkans. However, whether or not they stem directly from the ancient Illyrians, as is widely assumed by the modern Albanians, or from the Dacians or Thracians or some other ancient Balkan people or peoples, IS VERY MUCH OPEN TO QUESTION." Robert Elsie, Keeping an Eye on the Albanians: Selected Writings in the Field of Albanian Studies, 2015, p. 11-40.
"The theory of Illyrian origin, held by most Albanians nowadays, is primarily supported by the fact that the Albanian language is now spoken in the same region where ancient Illyrian was once spoken and by the absence of any indication that the Albanians immigrated there from elsewhere. However, we KNOW TOO LITTLE about the Illyrian language TO PROVE A CONNECTION linguistically, and THIS IS A CRUCIAL DEFICIT." "It is virtually impossible to see through the various strata in the Albanian language to discover any particular ancient ethnic origin." "As has been noted above, the first millennium of Albanian history had little to do with the Albanian peoples themselves. As an ethnic group, the Albanians first emerged from the mists of history in the early years of the second millennium A.D." Robert Elsie, Keeping an Eye on the Albanians: Selected Writings in the Field of Albanian Studies, 2015, p. 11-40
@@maskinisten019 "Matzinger points out that when the few surviving fragments of Illyrian and Albanian are compared, they have almost NOTHING IN COMMON. 'The two ARE OPPOSITES and CANNOT FIT TOGETHER' he says. “ALBANIAN IS NOT THE SAME AS ILLYRIAN from a linguistic point of view.” balkaninsight/2011/03/25/austrian-scholars-leave-albania-lost-for-words
Great video! Alexander inherited the most powerful & innovative military of the age, and while his accomplishments are legendary in their own right he surely owed a great debt to his father, Philip II.⚔
The 'Sacred Band' as being 'lovers' and 'couples' was debunked. They weren't lovers. It was just one biased historian who misinterpreted (probably intentionally) text to push this misconception.
