The Black Hole Wars: My Battle with Stephen Hawking 

+Mike Morrow Egg-zactly!! lol ... and Mr. Susskind was a plumber before becoming a theoretical scientist. He once explained how everything goes down the black hole like in a toilet bowl (no joke).

+Mike Morrow Well ive found a lot of my calculus lessons on youtube, because i can't be arsed to read the book.

I've made that same observation about every comment section. There's always a know-it-all that is all too willing to tell you how you're wrong about something.

it's funny how some people don't give credit for a mans intelligence, all I can say is, just because some people are experts on a subject, doesn't mean they are smart ! as a matter of my opinion, most experts are morons because of a false sense of intelligence. PS. being intelligence is a limitation because it doesn't matter how intelligent people are, what matters is who can see reality the clearest and the more intelligent a person is, the cloudier their view of reality is. I guarantee this

So true! " Professing themselves to be wise, they became fools,."

Agreed... Thanks :)

Agree. I exactly think same: generous to share us so accessibly for general nonspecialist public. By all my heart, all my gratitude and my best wishes to our brilliant Professor dr. Leonard Susskind, God bless him! I lost peace and rest since I have discovered him! He troubled, moved me profoundly, goven me a scope to continuu this life, because of dr Sussking my life is not anymore boring but I have not anymore silence in myself....

Nice comment

If he actually explained how black holes worked, the video would not be an 1 and half long it would be about 5 seconds, he would state black holes do not exist, holes can never have mass. Shoe another example claim where a hole can have mass, let alone the mass to hold over 400,000,000,000 billon stars in its grip. When he starts calling them dark stars , i will have respect for him, In the images from the EHT( EVENT horizon telescope), That dark circle inside the accretion disk is the dark star , not a singularity. Despite the lunatic hawking their is no radiation from dark stars not thermal or quanta. The fermi bubbles are dark star magnetic field ejections.

Why are you so dead set to prove that you don't understand even the basics of physics?

I feel engineering level of Phisycs and Mathematics, if revewed as hobby, opens us the Gate to this Incomprehensibily: differetial calculus, operational calculus, logic calculus, analitical geometry, algebra, analiza matematica, all this studency "nonsenses" now, at my retirement, after discovering dr Susskind, get sense!

Careful now....at first, your defense sounds more like a defense of religion and not science.....

Thing is Gracie its not actually science. "Science" is done first with a hypothesis then an experiment to prove the validity of your hypothesis. Then you can develop a theory. The process is called the scientific method. What these guys do with black holes ext. Is skip the whole part about hypothesis and experiment. And without experimental proof it's not science it's only fantasy, however mathematically derived it may be.

a monumental waste of human time..a staggering, incredible waste.......

Black holes cannot exist by the very nature of a black hole universe, which we do not live in. These people should be ashamed of themselves for not recognizing that black holes cannot exist. These black hole physicists have been pouring their lives into a black hole (metaphorically) all their lives because it simply cannot exist, and NOTHING has been gained from it, but time has been lost by thinking about BH, even my time. ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-hhYsOQTfYEc.html However the Electric Universe model physicists have been making great strides in predicting and explaining effects, occurrences, and objects in space that have baffled the mainstream cosmologists/astrophysicists (people like the black hole scientists) when they're discovered. Examples- -Pulsar Neutron Star? No, stellar object reacting in similar fashion to Relaxation oscillator effects in a plasma. -Comets are "dirty snowballs?" No, rocks (similar looking to chunks of a planet) that are negatively charged, moving closer to a positively charged sun, and discharging to charge equilibrium, which electrically excavates matter from the surface forming the glowing plasma coma and tail in an electrical environment.

Gracie Brown Gracie. Admit it: he could have said anything and you would have been swooning, because someone said he's a super clever bloke.

Is that true that DM is pushed away from solar system by solar radiation and this applies also for galaxies? DM forming a hallo around galaxies is this property to be thrown away by radiation? Is this meaning that somehow there IS an INTERACTION between "normal" matter/radiant manifestation and DM? Please give a sign!

Qvantum entanglement and holographic projection: all we are is Information: all our organs are projected on the skin of our soles. Ultimately all info that define us is not lost: children, nephews, next generation carry us in future, we are not lost, soul is pure information, bit by bit of electromagnetic oscilation emitted in IR by our body heat and sounds and mechanical actions we carry ultimately project us on EH. Our skin is our EH. We are a De Sittis spaces, our internal organs are projected on our skin and all our thoughts define allbwe are.

Ya know, I've struggled with this and occasionally get a panic attack laying in bed. Now, one way to guarantee you're always alive is to cause a predestination paradox which.. well, only works if you can travel back in time, which theoretically is impossible. However, another thing to consider, is that after you pass, you have all of eternity to come back. 😉 Ya know, infinite monkeys, infinite typewriters, something something.

Wise

Oh don't worry it was dumbed down way before that.

"Love isn't something we invented. It's observable, powerful, it has to mean something... Love is the one thing we're capable of perceiving that transcends dimensions of time and space." And then of course there's the bookshelf 🙄

haha!

Penrose illustrates them all by hand, did you know? From what I've heard, Penrose and M.C. Escher had some correspondences. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrose_stairs

220

As long as he doesn't get them from Lawrence Krauss. He thinks cows look like circles.

@@jelliott8424 Haha, that's an old math/physics joke based on the reality of people simplifying models.

Clearly you don't understand the subject matter.

You would be surprised at how clever you might be, as long as you FOCUS on any subject for a little time. Never give up and claim, 'I am not able to be clever enough!" You have a brain, we all have brains. I was amazed to learn, years ago, that Einstein's brain was measured, weighed, photographed, etc. and no essential differences were seen between his brain and other, average, typical brains. Never underestimate yourself!! Where would we be if Einstein said, early in his life, "Nah, never mind... I'll just be a plumber."?

Thanks for the reply, Dan! Lol! Plumbers perform a vital role in society, some people must be plumbers, and not everyone is as clever as Einstein! I take great delight however in believing that I am phenomenally clever! Sometimes quite often I find it relaxing and therapeutic to deny my intelligence though. With Best Wishes! Cheers - Mike.

It's true that there's no "hole" in the way we are accustomed to thinking about it, but your analogy of forming 2 holes is not accurate. Its better to think of it as a deformation of the fabric of space time, the true nature of which we dont fully understand yet.

You shouldn't take the analogy too literally. The "ball" is meant to represent a 4d energy concentration, while the sheet is 3d space, warping along the spacial dimension, according to the energy concentration. Its too hard to visually represent it otherwise. The hole could have been drawn any direction, but they chose down, probably because that looks more fitting for a "hole".

Blake Holst Interesting and thank you. I really do wish they would turn it sideways for us once in a while. Always having the wormhole at the bottom gives the impression of added gravity beneath the black hole pulling on it causing it to "sit" on the fabric.

Angels N Demons I understand your frustration. I have had the same problems accepting artistic drawings of black holes and spacetime in general. You just have to accept that good 2d illustrations of real 3 dimensional objects cannot be made. A black hole is maybe better described with words and math than in an drawing? Quote "Always having the wormhole at the bottom gives the impression of added gravity beneath the black hole..." Btw Probably best not to use terms like "wormhole" when dealing with widely accepted black hole physics ;) They don't mix very good

Angels N Demons The 2D grid model is silly, it would of course have to be 3D, which you would see as the"space grid" becoming less dense radially, increasingly dense circumferentially, the more it approaches the whatever object. This, of course, forces another visualization of the supposed wormhole. The space would have to become non-existant at some "point" - and a "point" has no dimension, and yes that would mean non-existant; infinitely small, and infinity is something I would say you could approach as much as you bother to try but you can never reach it - for that would render it finite. Finally, try to imagine a numbered fraction of infinity. Does not compute? Then, how to get a gradient gravitational field from something infinite? You would have to attach this curve to a "point" where infinity "ends", I dare you to try.

BasePuma you assume much about people. First who cares what the Physicist says? Most of what they learn is and speak of is outdated and based on atomistic ideals. Ask any of them how a magnet works and why. Ask them again how light travels through glass and slows down by a %, only to speed back up once it leaves the glass. Ask them what counterspace is. If they can answer all three, only then will I listen to them. Odds are they cannot, because what they were taught in "school" was wrong, and the principles that they work with are wrong.

Just because you're ignorant doesn't mean that scientists have gaping holes in their theories. There is literally a fucking Minutephysics video on why light goes slower in glass.

It doesn't matter how much of a genius you are if you are inputting wrong information into your brain to work with.

black holes are fake? But we've already sustain one in a lab...... So what's fake about that???

I mean I did a little research and even some well known scientists dont belieeve in them they are unsure what black holes even are. I;m just ashamed at how many people just listen to what they are told without even studying or doing external research some times what you are told is not the 100% story.

George Smarsh blackholes doesnt exist anyway

Nosk 007 Explain to me the movement of the stars as observed in the center of our galaxy then. Oh wait! Galaxies do not exist either, of course.

tell me what elements have to be present in a black hole for its existence? what makes a black hole a black hole? after you answer ill then will answer your question

Nosk 007 If you don't understand physics, don't comment as if you do. The research of all people who have ever studied physics in the modern world has confirmed the existence of black holes. This is true to the extent that you will not be able to find a single respectable physicist who will speak against the existence of black holes. If you believe for some reason that you in your uneducated state of being are more intelligent and/or enlightened than every person in the entire scientific community combined, and that your knowledge exceeds or supersedes their body of knowledge, then that is something that you need to justify, it is not up to everyone else to justify the existence of black holes for you. Speaking of your question, it doesn't make any sense. A black hole can be made up of any kind(s) of element(s). A black hole results from taking a huge pile of any mater and squishing it into a tiny space. If the entire earth was crushed and compressed down to the size of a marble, it would become a black hole. Please note: The answer to your question should be covered in 8th grade science. The topics discussed in this video are not even taught academically until at least the fifth year of post-secondary education in physics. This is because in order for you to understand the mathematics which prove this, you need to be a calculus and wonky geometry god.

you ae only telling me what a black hole does, you are not telling what makes a blackhole. you are just saying math this math that theory this theory that. i dont understand that. you didnt answer me shit! because you dont know shit. so.. what makes a blackhole be a black hole?

They are more intelligent. In many cases they have not had anyone in their lives that can refute their ideas effectively. Now they are unwillingly to let a person online shake them from their path without some serious refutation. The problem isn't really their intelligence. It is the physics knowledge of their neighbors, pastors, teachers, etc. They have spent years without anyone to converse with on an meaningful level and it shows. In some cases, their manners reflect their surroundings. Some have it hard simply because they have scientific interests at all! That frustration comes out on us whenever we behave like the unfortunate people on the other end of the spectrum of scientific comprehension. They act like their knowledge is complete and perfect. We do, too, at least from the perspective of someone still figuring this stuff out and who has had to deal with mainstream levels of scientific knowledge. We feel like our knowledge has very clear delineation between what we know and don't understand. That is not nearly so clear for others, even the intelligent ones.

David T Well said.

Steven Johnson Proving my point, thanks.

Maybe, but there are lots of places around where that quality of comment would be standard. This is public, so you can't get away from it entirely, but that isn't the standard comment here. And I think it was calculated simply to rile, which in itself makes it a bit more intelligent than many comments that are out there. Annoying, but at least vaguely intelligent.

Create two midget black holes from entangled particles, fix one of them onto a postcard-sized space-ship, send it to alpha centauri and in 30 years, we'll be able to watch HD live-stream from millions of kilometers away :-)

***** And sheep who accept one mathematical theory as absolute concrete fact and firmly believe that any and all other alternate theories should be silenced and banned from the public.

pon2oon Translation: Bla bla bla I don't understand and I favour some obscure outdated physical theory you can find on a site somewhere. Also it's not just mathematical theory. Black holes can be detected by 1) detecting an unseen companion (3 solar masses or more) which a star is revolving around which can be deduced from the known star's mass and orbital period, shape of orbit etc. 2) Detecting an accretion disc emitting unusual amounts of X-rays for a conventional star that is high mass by itself and/or a binary companion to a star. These observations line up well with what mathematical theories (deduced over decades) describe as a "blackhole". While the details may be debated about weather say the event horizon of a black hole is the end of space-time or not for example, they the conservative estimate of what we observe. They still haven't been ousted as correct. Also at what point did I say "that alternate theories should be banned"? Science is about discussion and debate. An alternate theory probably hasn't been able to dismount physicists current conception of what black holes are. Good day sir. Don't forget to post you quackery below.

***** Also you need a mathematic that can handle infinite types of base systems and digits. That way your math fits reality like a glove instead of constantly contradicting it. But what do decimal mathematician know about using such things as a billion base system? Also your law of identiy aint nothing. Law of Synergy of Sides rules. Things are not exactly alike but exactly different. :)

Kentu KemPtah I am the only one on this planet that can do a billion digit calculation inwhich your primitive world need to build a computer for what I can do on paper.LOL! Ya'll primitives will learn.

Kentu KemPtah So when the west gonna caught up with me? Ya'll can't. Ya'll still have probelms with a 1000 base system which I can teach a 5 year old.

In fact on almost anything you show you can say its gravity. Even on a falling apple.

Oh snap!

I am an expert on black holes, i lived in a black hole.

Strat Guitars me too called NEW JERSEY

lol. But in the "brother" sense offcourse.

LOL

+Greg Jay Yes!!! THe EU seems to predict and explain almost everything, wheras the current gravity based model explains really NOTHING. It may take a few generations for this to soak in. Stubborn scientists...

+Greg Jay LOL...no.

+KarmaKahn Correct. Sadly (for the electrivists) EU doesn't happen to agree with observation. Thankfully (for everyone else) there are other theories that agree much more closely.

+David T (A thought) So black holes are real? You think they are?

oldi184​ Something like black holes are evident, no matter what I think. However, that is all I really think about them, as such. As a mathematical construct, they are fascinating and fun to study, even when the models have limited applicability.

Well, technically you can discover new thoughts...

You could discover a formula on how to calculate the area of a square by thinking about it. Doesn't make the formula moot.

It is if you never bring it into contact with the world outside your brain.

George Smarsh yes, it does if you never prove it. Unless you chose to keep it locked in your head, but then it is still a thought and not a discovery :)

Robert Hardy Einstein predicted time dilation which is essential to general relativity by doing a thought experiment in which he imagined himself as a single photon approaching the speed of light. Thought experiments may not be discovery but they can certainly make leaps and bounds in human thought that leads to those discoveries and if it weren't for relativity, many inventions like GPS wouldn't exist.

you are mistaken, they are CALCULATED, and some Observations may show those calculations correct. or they may show them to be woefully inadequate, which is exactly why Stephan Hawking has said maybe they don't exist... Like he has told us they existed since the 60s... They have Never been, and are not being Detected.

Wrong, they are getting data. That means nothing but they are getting data. Idiot.

Timmahh You are the one that sounds like the moron here...

well Oners, To the Idiots, we Geniuses appear to be crazy... Is ok. I dont care what anyone thinks about me. I ll be proven correct soon enough. But It would be most beneficial to the rest of MANKind if they would just realize how deeply they have been lied too.

Timmahh It always makes me laugh when prats like you who claim to be smart misspell simple words lol.

Andew Tarjanyi whisk is Andrew garanti,

Gregory House OMG I ACTUALLY CAN'T BELIEVE YOU WOULD SAY THIS! ON A SCALE OF ONE TO EVEN I JUST CAN'T! HE IS A GENIUS AND YOU ARE JEALOUS OF HIS SUPER ALS SWAG! JUST CUZ YOU DON'T HAVE 12INCH RIMS AND CAN'T ROLL LIKE THAT!

Wade Draper if he's such a genius, let's see him stand up

Why doesn't he know how to stand up? Or talk? Or buy braces?

Gregory House Plus they dont even know KemPTah mathematics. So sad. SMH

Kentu KemPtah scontent-lga1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-xaf1/v/t1.0-9/11393009_1407853696208137_8747730883164096962_n.jpg?oh=774738508f2d76399db933c6901a6380&oe=5682B2F8

Mathematics is the language of proportion

or maybe you got it backwards and not smart enough to realize this ? how would you know ? reality is kinds weird like that and it's called a delusion of normality but you probably were already aware of that ..... I'm sure

Not to be too critical Robert, but: "or maybe you got it backwards and not smart enough to realize this ? how would you know ? reality is kinds weird like that and it's called a delusion of normality but you probably were already aware of that ..... I'm sure" the literary acuity of your comment does not bode well for the opposition stance to Stefan's remark. While the delusion of normality concept is surely alive and well, it hardly applies to scientists who live in a world where their perspective makes them certifiably insane compared to the normal perspective of the populace. Ironically, because you are talking about a clinical diagnosis based on social norms, getting repeatable correct results in a situation where most people get inconsistent or incorrect results can be considered a delusional state. At least by normal people. Does that address what you were saying about delusions of normality?

here's the thing about delusion of normality, anybody who believes they are normal or thinks that they can judge what is normal or not normal, is delusional because in reality there is no such thing as normal. The thing I find most interesting about reality, is that it doesn't really matter how smart a person is or isn't, what really matters is who can see reality the most accurately because in a way , intelligence is also a form of delusion but it's the norms who are the most delusional . No one can see reality accurately but it is possible to see it more accurately than other people and a step in the right direction is to know there is no such thing as normal and immediately you advance one notch above most people around you. The other thing is, really smart people don't advertise that they are smart because it would put them at a disadvantage but I'm sure you already knew that too......

"here's the thing about delusion of normality, anybody who believes they are normal or thinks that they can judge what is normal or not normal, is delusional because in reality there is no such thing as normal." While literally true, this comment is also mistaken. It is simply that normal cannot be perceived directly, it can only be approximated by sampling a sufficiently large number of people. Normal is then the set of attributes associated with the norm of the sampling set. That is where the word comes from. Normal means "like the norm". "The thing I find most interesting about reality, is that it doesn't really matter how smart a person is or isn't, what really matters is who can see reality the most accurately because in a way , intelligence is also a form of delusion but it's the norms who are the most delusional ." I believe there is at least an argument claiming that intelligence helps one accurately see reality, given an equivalent experience otherwise. "No one can see reality accurately but it is possible to see it more accurately than other people and a step in the right direction is to know there is no such thing as normal and immediately you advance one notch above most people around you." The next step would then be to realize that there is indeed something that could called normal, but that it doesn't represent any particular real people. "The other thing is, really smart people don't advertise that they are smart because it would put them at a disadvantage but I'm sure you already knew that too......" Fairly smart people, perhaps, don't advertise that they smart. Though some advertise repeatedly and loudly, much more than is justified by their actual intelligence. Very smart people don't really have a choice in the matter, as it would inherently require them to not do things that they find important to do. They just accept the distance that it engenders from other folks as a necessary side effect of having a very different world view..

"...al because in reality there is no such thing as normal. " No, stupid, only in your internet attention whoring world is there no such thing as normal. The rest of the world uses things called dictionaries, measurements and reasoning duckduckgo.com/?q=+define+normal Take the tablets, stupid, the doctors really are trying to help you.

***** They can't. But it's not quite the same as "stopped" so much as an insurmountable infinity of time passes at the edge of the horizon. The three main barriers that prevent hawking radiation from being a real phenomena are these... Gravitons don't exist. Negative energy/mass does not exist. Time dilation prevents anything from occurring even if they do.

***** Yes. ...and Hawking would love it to be an established theory, but it's nothing more than a speculation. Most people just assume that he must be right because he is famous, but I can assure you that most people also have not actually read his paper. I read his paper very thoroughly. This is basically how it goes: Gravitons leave the black hole, and disturb the space around it, creating virtual particle pairs. These virtual particle pairs must have one that is negative mass, and one that is positive mass. This has to occur directly at the horizon such that the negative mass particle must come into existence inside of the horizon, and the positive mass particle must come into existence outside of the horizon. Every single time, because if it were perfectly random, the net effect would be zero. So the idea is essentially that because the negative mass particle heads to the singularity (this also takes an infinite amount of time), and the positive mass particle is trapped outside of the horizon (whether or not it can escape which is basically a 0% chance even if time dilation did not exist)... the negative mass particle is supposed to reduce the overall energy/mass of the singularity, until the singularity ceases to exist. Now here are the problems. 1. Gravitons don't exist. 2. Antiparticles have positive mass, just like their particle counterparts. 3. If a particle had negative mass, it would be more likely to come into existence father from the singularity than the positive mass particle, not closer. 4. It's unlikely that a virtual particle pair could come into existence on opposite sides of a horizon (very suspect but not essential to disproving hawking's hypothesis). This assumes knowledge about the horizon which we do not have. 5. It takes energy to create virtual particles, that energy becomes the energy/mass of those particles. If a virtual particle came into existence on the inside of a horizon, it would add to the mass/energy of the singularity, not take away from it. When virtual particles recombine (or antimatter and matter counterparts come together) that energy is released. 6. Time dilation reduces the frequency of these hypothetical events to effectively zero. It helps if you think about time as moments and periods. The period being the time it takes to move from moment to moment. Gravity fields (and acceleration) create disparities in the period. The closer you are to a source of gravity, the longer the period. No matter how long your period is, your experience of that period is one moment. At the event horizon of a black hole, the period is infinite, that moment will never occur. At the edge of the horizon, looking back at the rest of the universe, you will see periods that appear infinitely small compared to your own, an exponentially increasing infinite number of moments occurring everywhere that is farther from the event horizon than you are.

57:35

Velexia did you study physics or astronomy?

I'm not shitting on well-established theories here, I am highlighting misconceptions which run counter to the well established theories. To Mr Hax, I study astrophysics.

+Jeff Rey i don't have the same problem

You should familiarize yourself with the current areas of research in physics before speaking. Nearly everything physicist do is experiment based. We don't do experiments on black holes because we don't know how to create them and would likely avoid it if we could. The concept of a black hole is extremely useful in testing our current models to see if they still work at such extreme circumstances. Given that black holes are demonstrated to be real in the universe and our current models are insufficient in explaining and predicting their behavior, it is clear that our theories are imperfect and need work. This lecture is about two physicists having different ideas about how our current understanding ought to be altered. Please take this for what it is and stop criticizing all of science without justification.

+rodgerfox3 We wont be able to travel faster than light. And honestly i wouldn't take Nikola Teslas "word" on modern physics very seriously, since our basic view of the world today didn't even exist when he lived.

***** No we havent. We have a name for hypotetiske psrticles moving faster than light. But due to the Lorentz transformation you cant accelerate over the speed of light. Even With infinit energy your mass would just go towards infinity.

***** Things "moving" faster than light hasn't been observed. However, we have observed particles "traveling" distances in time intervals that something would need to move faster than light to cover, but the particles weren't exactly "moving" in the way you're thinking. Whats actually happening is the wavefuction has a probability density at two locations far enough apart from each other than if you collapse the state twice in quick succession it will appear in one location and then the other, and the two locations could be far enough apart that depending on how quickly you collapsed the state the second time, it could have "moved" faster than light. But it didn't actually cover the distance between the two locations. Its sort of like teleportation, but also isn't and can easily result in something that looks like its moving faster than light if it was already traveling through space to begin with. What I'm trying to say is that this isn't the same kind of thing relativistic mechanics is talking about. You can't travel through space at a rate faster than light because of the way energy in defined in special relativity. If we are going to embark on a space voyage, this is the kind of motion we are concerned with and the speed limit is still a pretty big issue that has no apparent solution. So far, no exception to this speed limit has been observed and I would not hold your breath if I was you.

+mouseinmyhelmet I think you're touching upon quantum mechanics, where a quantum particles can be observed to be present at different places at the same time separated by vast distances. These particles appear to be traveling faster than the speed of light, but they don't, it's all relative to the observer at a given moment. Kind of like a rabbit out of a magician's hat... hehe

Please explain how galaxies are formed since they're electrically neutral

black holes do exist and yes the universe is electric

that is exactly what I was about to ask: suppose Black Holes do not exist? what a waste of human time that is..or will turn out to be

Stephen Crothers (ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-hhYsOQTfYEc.html) makes an excellent case that black holes cannot and do not exist in our universe because of the nature of black hole universes. Nature of Black Hole universes: 1 - Spatially infinite 2 - Eternal (i.e. static or stationary) 3 - Contain ONLY ONE mass 4 - Not expanding 5 - Asymptotically flat or asymptotically curved By these very foundations of a black hole universe, you cannot have 2 or even the supposed millions of black holes in our universe, especially not in our supposed expanding universe.

Damn, another religious imbeciles.

Well the math shows they can exist and something that acts exactly like the math pedicts is observable in the center of every galaxy so I would say they are well proven

zosthegoatherd It is a giant assumption that the math shows black holes can exist. The idea is a bastardization of Schwartzchild's work, who made no mention of black holes. His actual 'solution' precludes black holes from existing.

Dennis Kautz Might you share your insight in a peer reviewed paper? There may be a Nobel in it for you, Congratulations!

I'm working on it. Hell, if Obama can get one, I'd say I have a shot.

Dennis Kautz We've yet to directly observe an electron as well but there's quite the amount of evidence out there to support it's existence. Falling onto empirical evidence to directly support an object that doesn't deal with visible light is fucking retarded. You observe the qualities of the surrounding environment to find the unseen, it's how people have found planets, it's how we've found the properties of an atom and it's why we can assume black holes exist.

Nothing passes the horizon of a black hole from a frame outside of the horizon. It is impossible. Time dilation.

Velexia Ombra - Nothing can be observed to be past the event horizon. It's not the same. Using "Alice" as subject of the experiment is funny because the "down rabbit hole analogy", but I would suggest to make the same assumption with a photon instead. From the outside, the wavelenght would be stretched down to microwaves, then to radio waves, then longer and longer (lower energy) to oblivion. But the point of view of the photon itself is not time-like not space-like, it's light-like, which sits in the edge of both and can traverse through the inversion of both which appear in the event horizon. It's more a topology problem. The problem with traversing the event horizon as a conscious being is experimentally impossible, but as a particle, that's an all different thing, and can be computed. That's what they do, actually, just do the maths. Unfortunatelly the interpretations have to be both relativistic, and quantum mechanical, and the later has still several possible interpretations, most of them are OK with the kind of duality you are puzzled with, Rodrigo. In any case, infinite time dilation does not happen at the event horizon, but at the singularity. Event horizon is just the point beyond where no time-like line inside it intersects any point of the space-time outside. And it is possible to draw such scenario just simply through Schwarzschild geometry. And still have way to go before hitting the singularity. Actually, infinite time before it happens, as you precisely pointed out, Velexia. I don't see a hard contradiction.

Balcius Freefall It is incorrect to say "Nothing can be observed to be past the horizon", implicating that anything could actually pass the horizon and simply appear not to, to a distant observer. Time dilation is relative and reciprocal. If you have not passed in my time, you have also not passed in your time, and you will never pass in my time... ...and infinite time dilation occurs at the horizon.

+Balcius Freefall Thank you for your response. I know not much about physics in reality, but thankfully with this lectures and responses such as yours, will help me 1)understand and 2)learn.

Tim-J.Swan Because the outside observers picture of what happens is incomplete. To say that they would never enter the black hole is not true, what you would actually see is the photons getting more and more red shifted until the frequency dropped below visible light and Alice would become invisible. But being invisible does NOT mean that she doesn't enter the horizon.

+Oners82 From the outside, Alice looks like she never hits the horizon. Not just because radiation from her gets red-shifted, but also because her proper time slows down compared to Bob's time, so it looks like her speed gets slower and approaches zero as she approaches the horizon. Alice from her perspective sails right past the horizon and hits the singularity soon after. One view is as true as the other. +Tim-J.Swan GR has infinities at the horizon but only in some metrics. Metrics exist that mapping the spacetime smoothly across the horizon. However, I don't think there are any that get rid of the infinities at the singularity. If Alice activates rockets just above the horizon and tries to hover there, she'll experience a near infinite temperature. To go through smoothly, without noticing the horizon, she has to coast inertially. If bob lowers a thermometer on a long string to the horizon and stops it just above, he'll also measure near infinite temperature.

Really? So far we haven't actually figured out how to make quantum entanglement work. Have you?

So far we haven't actually figured out how black holes "work",right? I mean,we have just thought and make a statement,so think about that...

They can't.

The light from her burning feet cant reach her eyes 🙄