The Bounded Buffer Problem 

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Because it is recommended in VTU syllabus.. You people are unbelievable.. No gratitude towards anyone

I think this is a version of the reader-writer problem

I don't think you really need semaphores and mutexes for this. The producer and consumer could be operating in parallel through some threading mechanism. Assuming there's only one consumer and one producer, we could have a read pointer "chase" the "writer" pointer. the consumer thread isn't allowed to change anything other than it's own read pointer, and we also assume that if the previous element in the buffer has already been consumed. If the consumer measures the read and write pointers to be identical, then the consumer doesn't use that value untill the write pointer is different. If the read and write pointers are different, the consumer consumes the data, then increments its read pointer to point at the next element in the buffer. Now the producer has a write pointer that will increment if the next element in the buffer is not where the read pointer is pointing to. The idea here is the read pointer always chases the write pointer, you could even do this with a ring buffer... With this scheme, the buffer is "empty" when everything has been read, and the read pointer and write pointer point at the same thing. The buffer is full if the write pointer can't advance because the next pointer is where the read pointer actually is..

Just make 2 thread functions for each producer and consumer and then run both the threads and join it with main thread

Why are they using mutexes and semaphores in the first place?

yeah , empty should be called before and then the lock must be released .

the language used for the implementation of the solution is C

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your presentations are great keep it up!!

i agree, you should only need a mutex lock. You can just maintain a count of elements in the buffer.

The thing is when you are dealing with multiple processes that are sharing data then simple if-else statements fail to synchronize our processes that's why it is necessary to use these many semaphores here.