The Cambrian Explosion and the evolutionary origin of animals with Professor Paul Smith

Oxford University Museum of Natural History

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Our understanding of the evolutionary origin of animals has changed dramatically in recent years. Continuing our talk series, museum director Prof. Paul Smith will look at the beginning of animal life, with particular attention to the Sirius Passet fossil site in the north of Greenland. The exceptionally preserved fossils from this site have been key in the development of our understanding of the ‘Cambrian Explosion’. Paul will discuss evidence for the timing of the origin of animals, as well as the evolution of modern marine ecosystems and food webs. Prepare to journey back in time more than half a billion years…
Paul Smith is the Director of Oxford University Museum of Natural History and Professor of Natural History, and has over thirty years of experience on Arctic scientific expeditions. His research is focused on the interactions of Earth systems and organisms, particularly in relation to the origin and early evolution of animals, and combines the study of sediments and palaeoenvironments with palaeobiology and geochemistry.
*Please note, this lecture may not be suitable for young children, but is suitable for adults and young people - beginners and experts welcome!
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Visit the First Animals exhibition online: oumnh.ox.ac.uk/first-animals
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18 май 2024

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Комментарии : 2,2 тыс.

@nemodot 3 года назад

RU-vid randomly suggested me this video, maybe after watching so many Eons episodes. I'm very grateful. This was very interesting. I now want to explore the arctic in search of fossils.

@matthewdrum2961 2 года назад

PBS Eons is amazing as well. that's how i got here

@OGbluetooth_ 2 года назад

Eons is my favorite channel by far

@wirehead1000 2 года назад

checkout Palaeocast for interviews with Simon Morris and Jakob Vinther. Great podcast with real information and a human face.

@turgidbanana 2 года назад

Then go do it.

@asharnygee 2 года назад

@@turgidbanana Its gonna be hard to find fossils in ice...

@KipIngram 2 года назад

I can see how some folks might find this massively boring, but I find it massively fascinating. I love it that there are people who thrive on gaining this knowledge from the Earth and bringing it forth to the rest of the world, even when it involves hardship and deprivation. Thanks to all of you, Dr. Smith - this looks like wonderful work!

@paulgarduno3127 2 года назад

It must be boring.! Starting with the title; " The evolutionary origin of animals ", presume that they already know how evolution originated life. That is a lie.

@perujones2 2 года назад

@@paulgarduno3127 Evolution didn’t originate life. You’re thinking about Abiogenesis. Also, there is a large difference between assumption and inference.

@travisbicklepopsicle 2 года назад

@@paulgarduno3127 there are plenty of free sources online if you are interested in learning about anything science related

@mr.squeaky8394 2 года назад

Cambrian Explosion explained for the layman: Prior to this period there were very few, simple charts, and then there was a great variety of complex charts.

@sstolarik 2 года назад

Hilarious!

@garymalcomb2882 2 года назад

The arrival of indigenous Martian peoples. Including, many of the creatures that once arose on Mars. 🎓 🚬😎 ☕

@alanbrown6633 2 года назад

Dinosaurs lived w people until the flood around 4000 yrs ago. Creation was about 2000 yrs before that! Everything made worthiness 7days. Things aren’t millions of yrs old dinosaurs ect. That’s a lie

@garymalcomb2882 2 года назад

About 12800yrs ago the Earth was bombarded by ice asteroids and dirty snowball meteors. That was the cause of the flood. It was what also caused the Youngsters Dryass epoch. As ice hit the atmosphere. It evaporated. Forming a heavy dense cloud coverage. Deluging rains that lasted for many weeks. It also, blocked out the sunlight for many months. From, warming the Earth's surface. 🌌 🌠 🌩🌩🌨🌨 ☔ 🎓 🚬😎 ☕

@robbie_ Год назад

Haha.

@trespire 3 года назад

The prolific diverse expressions of life are fascinating. Thank you for sharing this lecture.

@pencilfriendpaperscribbler6032 3 года назад

Heavens! If there was ever a textbook case for the value of an audio compressor, this is it.

@enormousderek 2 года назад

Oh bore off.

@wishusknight3009 2 года назад

there is one built into windows that can be enabled.

@Strandjutter 3 года назад

A very interesting lecture! Thank you!

@mickdodge9778 3 года назад

I am so glad that i found this video. Thank you so much for your teaching.

@wirehead1000 2 года назад

Simon and Jakob have some great recollections and observations of this site and these expeditions. Always marvelous to get fresh eyes on the same rock! Superb talk on an unfolding chapter on the Cambrian.

@FloozieOne 3 года назад

I have been studying this stuff for a long time and have always wanted a fossil of my own. One week ago I saw a deal I could afford and bought myself a megalodon tooth. I want to hold it in my hand and feel the immense amount of time contained within it. I'm going to name it "My Cousin 1 Million Times Removed". Some day I'll get a trilobite too. They fascinate me with their eyes that have 1,000 facets and their cute but very efficient swim paddles.

@spatrk6634 3 года назад

depending on where you live, you can look up where to find megalodon tooth or trilobite they are pretty common to find in certain areas you are maybe lucky and live close

@matta443 3 года назад

Megalodon tooth £300 imagine how much this grifter makes preaching evolution with chordates in the cambrian 😆

@ozowen5961 3 года назад

@@matta443 Imagine how much idiots fail to make because they fail to understand the presence of chordates in the Cambrian means nothing. Because idiots think that somehow means birds and reptiles and mammals. They all came later.

@psycronizer 2 года назад

@@matta443 back to school you go..try engaging your brain this time round...

@rustycherkas8229 2 года назад

Careful with those "cousin" thoughts... I drove across Australia to 'drop in' on my stromatolite 'cousins' soaking in Shark Bay... No reaction from any of them when I rocked-up; not even the offer of a cup of tea or a cold beer... "Family" is a problem... Always has been... And, look! Here comes Christmas!!! Gawd, not again!!!

@fesimco4339 3 года назад

How is this free? We live in beautiful times!

@stevengill1736 2 года назад

Yes! When I grew up in the 60s you had to practically live in university libraries to glean this kind of information.

@ardd.c.8113 2 года назад

A simple question. In order for studies to get funding they have to be represented on social media to draw attention to them. On social media you pay by giving information of yourself, through collecting personal data, which can be sold to institutions and companies who need to stay ahead of competition. This creates a feedback loop in which universities create free content to aggrevate usefull data which can be used for a myriad of things including student advertisements and business interests like private funding. It's a bit of a blackbox how this works especially since the data collectors don't have to be transparant about their technologies. Personally I see my data as currency because my interests will reflect on what I will be able to see on youtube. If I would watch only entertainment on this platform I would brand myself a low grade consumer and youtube would notice that by feeding me more of the same entertaining/no brainer stuff. I dont do that because I know my data is currency, it is worth something like an investment in my intelligence when I purposely look for scientific stuff, youtubr recognizes that thats the stuff you want to spend money and starts to feed me more of the same stuff. Surveillance Capitalism 101

@fesimco4339 2 года назад

@@ardd.c.8113 Apart from 'YT is collecting data' I haven't a clue what you're saying. Low grade consumer? Your data is an investment?

@TomBeakbaneToronto 3 года назад

Thank you Professor Paul Smith. Diligent research.

@alansdorsetfossils4028 3 года назад

What a great informative incite to this fascinating period. Paul if I may say as an amateur fossil collector who finds some of the jargon a bit baffling it's greatly appreciated that you take the time and use the vocabulary that most of us interested enthusiasts understand. It allows us into this fascinating paleo world that is often denied us due to our less comprehensive education.You will be aware the academic community who pursue field work like your good self are relatively a small sample measured against the equally enthusiastic amateurs. So whilst this particular exposure is out of reach for all but a few academics, your brilliant video allows us a glimpse into a very rare and fascinating lager statten. Thank you again for this excellent video that has no doubt taken a lot of time and effort to produce.

@mrwideboy 3 года назад

I love lectures like this..

@johnryan2193 3 года назад

Thank you for your wonderful talk on the early earth !

@drewdam8871 3 года назад

I thrououghly enjoyed the talk, thank you.

@colliecoform4854 2 года назад

This was just recommended to me on 12/30/21. It was a fascinating lecture. I am just an interested individual who reads and watches all sorts of paleontology, anthropology, archeology and the like. RU-vid has recommended many clips, some legitimate, some pretty far out there. I wish they had recommended this sooner. This was a fascinating look at precambrian which I had never seen before.

@GaryWinkler Год назад

Yes on both parts..... I remember hearing about the Ediacarian fossils back in the late 80's while working in the geo lab at a jr. college. It was shortly after they discovered them and were trying to understand the actual effects of this discovery. Looking back now, I started to think about how many great discoveries and events happened in my life that most people today view as history, Such as the discoveries in electronics or the invention of aircraft! I remember watching Armstrong taking the first steps on the moon while laying on the floor watching it on an old CRT TV while my mother was telling me to move back away from the set before it baked my eyes and brain!

@katrinakollmann5265 3 года назад

Thank you so much. This was so, so interesting and informative.

@RnRanimal 3 года назад

thank you for posting this

@alexevans7916 3 года назад

Thank you for a wonderful video.

@MercuryIsHg 3 года назад

Great talk. Particularly liked the description of how you get to site and how you had to create the airstrip etc. Not to take anything away from the fossils but just a real insight into what it takes to find them is so unusual. Thank you once again.

@ResurrectingJiriki 2 года назад

the fossils or the lack thereof?

@trybunt 2 года назад

@@ResurrectingJiriki how many fossils would you think is a worthy amount? 100? 1,000? I don't know if you actually care, but this one location (Sirius Passet) has been the discovery site of about 10,000 fossils. Ten Thousand. Regardless of your beliefs, 10,000 of anything is hardly accurately described as a "lack thereof" right?

@imetr8r 3 года назад

It is interesting and consoling how science corrects and improves itself over time. Viva Science!

@nadarith1044 2 года назад

The correct expression is HAIL SCIENCE!!1!

@chrisjordan7739 2 года назад

I really enjoyed this lecture. It was the right level of complexity to be consumable but informative and entertaining...slides were brilliant...well done and thankyou!

@la_belle_heaulmiere 2 года назад

I fell asleep watching an interesting lecture on ice age timelines, woke up to an even more interesting lecture on the Cambrian explosion.

@lindagates9150 3 года назад

Thank you for your presentation it took me two days to find the time to watch ,once my work load eases I hope to find more of your work to binge watch! As a new subscriber I look forward to seeing the past, present and the future programmes 🥳🤷🏼‍♀️👍👍👍👍👍👍🤔🖖🖖🖖🖖🖖🖖💐🙋🏼‍♀️

@eyeree 3 года назад

This was quite possibly the most fascinating lecture, on this subject, I've ever heard

@matta443 3 года назад

😆😆😆 The lecture admits chordates are in the cambrian. Did you catch that? (auto disproving evolution)

@standardranchstash221 3 года назад

Of course, Matthew. All the answers are to be found in the desert dogmas. I can see clearly now!

@dancingnature 3 года назад

What makes you think that chordates weren’t in the Cambrian or Precambrian. Our lineage is very old . All Bilaterians are essentially worms with bumps if they have limbs . One main lineage developed an internal support by developing a notochord (chordates) . Another main lineage developed an exoskeleton (arthropods). There are other ways of developing a support structure in a bilaterian like the hydrostatic skeleton of a starfish . That’s not evidence against evolution which is about how life diversifies

@matta443 3 года назад

Please show us your transitional form of your worm. Otherwise, go preach your grifty religion to fools like Paul Smith.

@ozowen5961 3 года назад

@@matta443 Your assertions about chordates are drivel. No one was trying to hide chordate presence, despite your deceitful insinuations. Typical creationist bunkum combined with manufactured lies and confected outrage.

@timblack6422 3 года назад

Extremely interesting! Thank you!

@fairwind8676 3 года назад

thanks for the talk!

@anitapeura3517 3 года назад

What an interesting lecture, and articulate teacher! Thank you, a great way to spend time during this pandemic, wouldn't have come across it otherwise. Learnt much about early biology, wouldn't have thought a hypoxic environment would lead to an evolutionary explosion, but that really shows our bias from the human perspective. And we think we scientists are without bias! Always present, and any new research that shows it up is worthwhile, quite apart from the other revelations about our early history. Great lecture, thanks again!

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

He’s lying, there’s no evidence for evolution.

@andyabdullah3324 2 года назад

@@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 okkm

@andyabdullah3324 2 года назад

@davidwatson2399 2 года назад

Thank you for an excellent discussion.😎👍 please keep up the good work. I am saddened by the number of religious trolls in the comments section, their wilful ignorance is stunning in 2022.

@maunaowakea777 2 года назад

Such a wonderful and enchanting discussion. Thank you!!!!

@geoffreyraleigh1674 3 года назад

Excellent lecture! I was supposed to be working. Nerdrebel!

@yolandacroes5491 3 года назад

Many thanks for an informative, easy to follow lecture for a non-expert like myself. What an interesting job these guys have, I’m jealous.

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

Interesting job? Their job is based on lies (evolution).

@matta443 2 года назад

winner 🏆

@YogiMcCaw 3 года назад

Wow! What you guy s did in the late 80s was simply amazing! Hats off!

@matta443 3 года назад

My favorite is how they ignore coalification experiments so Paul's grifting can continue.

@ozowen5961 3 года назад

@@matta443 Did you hear how creationists lied about all sorts of stuff? Frikkin liars.

@bonysminiatures3123 2 года назад

@@matta443 spammer

@69eddieD 2 года назад

@@matta443 Liar for Jesus

@redapple3256 2 года назад

This is great. Thanks for this lecture

@MelliaBoomBot 2 года назад

My list of things to watch later on RU-vid is ever growing...my goodness there is some good stuff on here.

@rolandwatts3218 3 года назад

Great talk. We can never get enough of this kind of thing.

@JMDinOKC 3 года назад

I agree. We need a bigger bat to whack creationists with.

@matta443 3 года назад

Did you not hear the grifter admit chordates are in the Cambrian? 😆😆😆

@fredwitherow420 3 года назад

@@JMDinOKC 2w

@ozowen5961 3 года назад

@@matta443 "admit" chordites are in the Cambrian? So what? Did you hear how the scammers pretend that means reptiles, birds and mammals? They lied.

@eclepticearth 3 года назад

@@matta443 There is no such thing as “chordates”! They have been reclassified by irrefutable DNA evidence as Paleopresbyterians. Somewhat related to Spineless Sectarians, but with less harrumph behind the gills.

@Notalloldpeople 3 года назад

Wonderful. Not changed but has informed my opinions about evolution of life. Very interested to learn about the downgrading of the increased oxygen hypothesis with the sea level rise flooding the continental shelf alternative.

@DanaMariedotorg 3 года назад

Thank you for sharing.

@jfparhamutube 3 года назад

This was truly interesting and well-delivered. Fantastic.

@YogiMcCaw 3 года назад

The video changed my understanding because the Cambrian explosion is always presented to the public as being caused by an explosion of oxygen due to photosynthesis, and the common illustrations show the exact same lifeforms your illustrations shows as being in a shallow, brightly lit inland sea, and not out a ways towards the edge of the continental shelf in low-oxygen waters, as you show in your research.

@matta443 3 года назад

Very refreshing to hear someone heard he mentioned the Cambrian. Well done, sir.

@DogWalkerBill 2 года назад

This lecture added to my understanding. I've come across the idea that many trilobites lived in anoxic conditions but never saw a theory why. Probably in, "Trilobite: Eyewitness to Evolution" by Richard Fortey (2001) I own a copy. Also explained a question I had about how thick the sediments were and why.

@keitoshyu 2 года назад

What a wonderful talk! Thank you!

@relaxingthesoulmind1879 2 года назад

Great lecture and insight on that time scale. I my self have a nice fossil collection with many different types of Trilobite and many Bivalve and ancient corol

@insertoyouroemail 3 года назад

I imagine a traveling back in time to observe these animals and their evolution throughout history. *sigh* :( how much is lost?

@themplar 3 года назад

about 99,99999%

@insertoyouroemail 3 года назад

@Yugebutts Fukr ok bro, cool story

@insertoyouroemail 3 года назад

@Yugebutts Fukr haha I'm not falling for it bro

@themplar 3 года назад

@Yugebutts Fukr Actually they did witness evolution and speciation. The Lenski experiments and ring species are a clear example of that. Sadly you dont know what evolution is. Also evolution is a fact, its one of the facts that supports the theory of evolution by natural selection. It is a scientific theory because the hypothesis is found true, and all evidence is in support of the explanation and none against it. Also common ancestory is already a demonstrated fact through genetics. You might want to upgrade your education which seems to be out of the early 1900's. Humans are apes, is a fact. Humans sharing a common ancestor with other apes is also a fact. Ah and you are a conspiracy nutter who things these scientist are "scientists" you poor dumbass.

@DulceN 3 года назад

@Yugebutts Fukr Is your Earth flat as well? Get a new brain...

@bobwrathall8484 3 года назад

This was so interesting. Thanks for making the trek. I am absolutely astonished at the recreation of the ediacaran landscape and geology. Also, the idea that life developed in a low oxygen niche is rather mind-blowing. As Prof. Smith says, we are accustomed to thinking that oxygen is benign, even beneficial. On a purely mechanical level: what software did you use to make this presentation? I need something just like this.

@maxdoubt5219 2 года назад

TY Prof. Smith and YTube! Free education. Perspicuously delivered.

@veganmaster 3 года назад

Glorious!

@andreaswimmer6864 2 года назад

" Darwin's doubt " and " Signature in the cell " explore interesting aspects centered around the Cambrian explosion

@rickmartin7596 2 года назад

All those books offer is "god of the gaps" nonsense. If you don't know how something works, you don't get to jump to your favorite conclusion. Evidence is required.

@rl7012 2 года назад

@@rickmartin7596 Have you read them? No you have not. You are just making arrogant and narrow minded assumptions. And yes evidence is required for theories, so where are all the fossils that gradually evolved into the complex life forms of the Cambrian explosion? Where is the evidence for macro evolution?

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

@@rl7012 there isn’t any evidence for evolution.

@rickmartin7596 2 года назад

@@rl7012 QUOTE: "so where are all the fossils that gradually evolved into the complex life forms of the Cambrian explosion?" Ediacaran fossils. Look them up.

@rl7012 2 года назад

@@rickmartin7596 You are wrong that is just wishful thinking with no real evidence for it. The vast majority of fossil evidence of complex life was during the Cambrian explosion. Hence the word EXPLOSION. . Please refer to my other reply just posted to you with more detailed info backing up what I say. You have backed up nothing of your fairy tale of macro evolution. Incidentally I do not deny all evolution as of course it exists or farmers wouldn't be able to breed animals and crops etc to get the strongest/best ones. We can see micro evolution from one generation to the next.. But I do dispute macro evolution and that we all came from one common ancestor. That theory is pie in the sky utter nonsense and there is zero evidence for it.

@mikesnyder1788 3 года назад

So looking forward to watching this video! I first came across the Cambrian Explosion in Stephen Jay Gould's "Wonderful Life." A short while later I finally made it to the Smithsonian Museum where I was able to see actual fossilized remains of some of these interesting creatures! Despite the fact that my college degrees are in English Literature and Modern History, I now spend a fair amount of time reading and viewing videos about these vast and ancient times! Love this stuff!

@Strandjutter 3 года назад

Similar story for me. It doesn't matter what your background is in my opinion. Its the love for natural history/palaeontogy. It never left me after "Wonderful Life".

@Strandjutter 3 года назад

*after reading Wonderful Life.

@mikesnyder1788 3 года назад

@@Strandjutter Yes, "Wonderful Life" is such an excellent book! Would love to visit the Burgess Shale!!!

@Strandjutter 3 года назад

@@mikesnyder1788 Me too!! Still a dream but hopefully one of these days a reality.

@raphaelklaussen1951 3 года назад

I hope you guys are now immunized against religion. If you live in the US, that counts as your most important life accomplishment.

@AntoekneeDetaecho 2 года назад

Incredible talk, thank you so much for sharing

@claudiogiovanetti6635 3 года назад

Very, VERY INTERESTING lecture.

@igorvkuznetsov3518 3 года назад

Beautiful Lecture!!! Thank you very much! Watching your channel from Fairfield Connecticut O6825 USA 🇺🇸 I was part of Geological Research back in SOVIET UNION at Novaya Zemlya six Summers from 1984 till 1989, kind of similar terrains what have showed here.

@matta443 2 года назад

can you explain how Chordates are in the Cambrian strata?

@gregoryyoung502 3 года назад

Please sir I know about stromatiles. But what happend between them and coral.I grew up with "the Graval pit" in Grandville Mich right across from the digging.as kids we would pick up fossils as such normal things we used them in our game of marbles.they where individual corals.most had some kind of Crystal for the inner parts.I'm now an old and I've learned a bit.but I still have and I wonder how where the crystals formed.

@andromeda7758 2 года назад

I appreciate you filming this. What a wonderful lecture 😁

@2horses4U 2 года назад

Enjoyed this so much!!!

@paul6925 3 года назад

I keep getting distracted by the name drops of Phil Donahue and John Peel 😂 Peel is a an electronic music hero of mine.

@ericmishima 3 года назад

Sci-fi writer for me 😉

@WildBillCox13 3 года назад

Liked and shared.

@catgoyda4249 2 года назад

Fascinating thank you for sharing 👍🙋🏻‍♀️

@sivavarma1502 2 года назад

Went to oxford museum only last week even though i live here in Oxford. It is too damn good

@bworldrighteousness3895 3 года назад

Great adventure, the twin otter stuff sounds bonkers! I learned, and found fascinating, that animals would have first evolved in a low oxygen environment. Makes sense, and I also like thinking about the “arms” race of hard shells, and how different creatures pick different chemical structures to do it. Life finds LOTS of ways to make it in this realm.

@wilsontexas 3 года назад

You are trying to make life an intelligent designer.

@wirehead1000 2 года назад

the Cambrian atmosphere had far lower levels of oxygen then today's planet. That would affect water oxygen levels.

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

@@wirehead1000 there’s no such period called the Cambrian. The whole “geologic column” only exists in the imagination.

@perujones2 2 года назад

@@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 The guy showed a literal picture of it.

@perujones2 2 года назад

@@wilsontexas No one is trying to do anything, they’re just discovering how things are.

@odin4261 3 года назад

Thank you for the lecture. Makes me miss college :)

@markmarco2880 2 года назад

Wealth of knowledge, thank you.

@gailblissitt4504 2 года назад

Wonderful lecture ! And very exciting ! You are very brave to take yourself to such a remote, hostile and dangerous place….have read about the C..E. Years ago, and am so to learn more in-

@LimeyLassen 3 года назад

Vetulicolia is such a stunning and weird creature. What is it? It looks like the forbidden lovechild of a lamprey and a bristleworm.

@timblack6422 3 года назад

I thought a Lamprey as well!

@maxsmith695 3 года назад

@@timblack6422 - that is the shark family. My ancestry DNA spectra scan showed my family evolved from the shark family 60 billion years ago. But we are all great swimmers, so we have that generational reminder.

@timblack6422 3 года назад

@@maxsmith695 I was on the swim team in high school - love the water

@maxsmith695 3 года назад

@@timblack6422 - I liked climbing trees when younger. My parents wanted me to be tested to see if I had any Monkey G DNA, but I chose to avoid the test. You had to hang upside-down while they gave you a shot in a tender spot. So I will never know if i evolved from a chimp or Razor back gorilla. I guess that is ok with me.

@chimpanzeethat3802 3 года назад

I have a pet shark named Gummy.

@srmessimer 3 года назад

This has significantly added to my knowledge of the origins of animals. The pieces of the puzzle of animal diversification are now known. There may be others as yet unidentifiable but the processes described here give me a clear picture of how the Cambrian explosion proceeded and to a degree how various body plans came to be. I have watch this a few more times as there is a deep concentration of information here that will require more study. I could not find links to other lectures in this series.

@stevetennispro 3 года назад

Have you read anything about symbiogenesis? Check out Lynne Margulis and her son Dorian Sagan's books on symbiotic mergers as the cause of a lot of evolutionary creativity. I've got a bunch of them out from the library at the moment.

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

@@stevetennispro evolutionary creativity? More like evolutionary imagination with no evidence.

@user-ns4od8bk8x 3 месяца назад

Very interesting and enjoyable, always good to learn from those who have knowledge. Thank you

@nicholasperry2380 2 года назад

That is the fastest 86 minutes in a very long time. Absolutely fascinating and if Professor Smith had taught at school I'd have been a geologist. Beautiful presentation and narration too from the most highly qualified construction worker in the world! If you're still taking questions - How did this explosion of life in a low oxygen environment end up with an oxygen rich world? Particularly how far back could a modern human go back and still be able to live? Thank You for this series I'm off to mark the others.

@Peter_Scheen 2 года назад

Oxygen is a poison. It oxidizes a lot. Iron was abundant in precambrium oceans as free iron, it was dissolved in the water. When the first foto synthesis evolved oxygen was (stil is for plants) a byproduct that was expelled from the cell because it would damage the cell. At first, millions of years, it oxidized the free iron and that precipitated to the sea floor (now mined in Australia) and formed thick layers. At a certain point there was no more iron and the levels rose. Probably the first extinction event happened for most organisms could not handle this. The few that could evolved further. Ediacaran and Cambrium show the result. I must say that this is an oversimplication, there is far more factors involved. I do not know how far back we could go but a rough estimate would be some four hundred million years.

@QuaaludeCharlie 3 года назад

No structures other than tents . Wow , Thank You guy's Paul all of you for expanding our Knowledge :) QC

@kategordeeva9428 3 года назад

Thank you! That was very interesting!

@richardlewin9282 3 года назад

Brilliant!👍

@michaelmacdonald2907 2 года назад

What a clear and convencing presentation. Those fossils are amazing. Half-a-billion years ago ?! Where does the time go.

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

The earth hasn’t been around for half a billion years. The earth hasn’t even been around for millions of years.

@jimbojet8728 2 года назад

I have learned from this and one or two other vids over the past couple of days that there was no ‘missing link’ in the evolution of hominids. There was a long slow and smooth transmission from early hominids leading right up to us. Having an idea that life began in the primordial soup is borne out here but this lecture fully explores the origins of life and how it progresses evolving into it’s various niches. How calcium’s were taken up by early animals both for protection and predation was fascinating amongst so many fascinating facts, if only because I easily understood it. A very entertaining, enjoyable and insightful vid. I have enjoyed it.Thank you.

@holographicsol2747 3 года назад

Thank you for this :) So fascinating!

@Xaiff 2 года назад

Free lecture. Nice 👍

@chris_iapetus 2 года назад

Absolutely brilliant. One of the best lectures on the evolution of animals available anywhere.

@dawnadams4067 2 года назад

I'm a creationism. God created the heavens and earth.

@chris_iapetus 2 года назад

@@dawnadams4067 That's fine, there are other channels you will enjoy. Have a great night !

@travisbicklepopsicle 2 года назад

@@dawnadams4067 a god may have created everything, but evolution is how life on earth works.

@alainlareau1733 3 года назад

I found it useful the emphasis that oxygen was not a environmental driver.

@KokowaSarunoKuniDesu 3 года назад

Yes,but what latitude was the Siriuspasset at in the pre-Cambrian??

@FloozieOne 3 года назад

Very good question. With both sandstone and mudstone below that I would guess tropical swamp, river delta or really deep ocean floor transitioning to shallower warmer water since the sandstone is in such perfectly flat sheets which indicate the sandstone came from multiple layers of compressed silt and there isn't any sand in really deep water. Then there is basalt which indicates volcanic activity and then more sandstone and shale. Finally the glaciers came along and dumped all their accumulated trash. Considering all that I would guess close to the pole since that was the warmest place at that time. Just a guess of course but those animals needed warm water with lots of plankton so I think it is a reasonable guess.

@postapocalypticwarlord4647 3 года назад

Amazing!!!

@chadthistle6425 2 года назад

Hi you guys, I have learned that Cambrian critters seemed to like low O2 environments. Did not know that. Thank you, Chad Santa Rosa, CA

@rafaelernestorosabal8734 3 года назад

Amazing progress in this field of science! First became interested since reading BSCS in the seventies!

@maxsmith695 3 года назад

The progress is the story telling, not science.

@wishusknight3009 2 года назад

@@maxsmith695 Says the guy that worships a book of stories.

@chucklesdarwinwaswrongevol9264 2 года назад

@@wishusknight3009 at least that “ book of stories “ is backed up by evidence, unlike evolution

@TheWuschi 3 года назад

What a wonderful lesson! I particularly admire and adore the bravery and the strength of the expedition team; the report was so exciting! I am happy, that RU-vid recommended this feature to me (bravo in this special case for the algorithm!) and immediately subscribed to your precious channel! Greetings from Vienna, Austria!

@johnaugsburger6192 3 года назад

Thanks

@jjforcebreaker 2 года назад

Very interesting talk, thank you!

@zapfanzapfan 2 года назад

Interesting idea for why the explosion happened. I would have guessed the development of predation along with development of eyes and a through gut which would have kicked off an evolutionary arms race.

@ResurrectingJiriki 2 года назад

a far more important but never addressed nor answered question is *how* the explosion happened. I.e.: where are all the pre-cursors in the fossil record that would explain where all these new body plans evolved from, based on gradual changes from random and unguided mutations. The "difficulty" which Darwin himself pointed out, but "meant to say", according the professor that is, something else; that there seems to be "a part of evolution missing"(which Darwin clearly did not meant to say, or he would have done so himself... )

@wishusknight3009 2 года назад

@@ResurrectingJiriki Perhaps the understanding eludes you.

@ResurrectingJiriki 2 года назад

@@wishusknight3009 Perhaps you can't read nor understand the most simple and basic issues yourself? It's not that hard to understand. When something isn't there, it isn't there. Or when someone, like the 'professor' here, is clearly mincing words to fit his own 'agenda' if you will, to be able to uphold a dusty and outdated theory. You know, that one that its inventor KNEW would be in trouble if/when those PRECURSORS were not to be found.

@wishusknight3009 2 года назад

@@ResurrectingJiriki Well, you not understanding something is not proof its wrong or didn't happen. I can't help it if you didn't understand. But there is no agenda here. Perhaps you are just getting triggered by buzzwords that have been redefined to strawman and invalidate actual science. Like what creationists do.

@ResurrectingJiriki 2 года назад

@@wishusknight3009 hahahahahahahaha! whatever you need to tell yourself, bucko... Again, the lack of precursors for the Cambrian Explosion, as well as the very small paleontological time window, are there for all to see. Or to ignore. Much like the rollout of more Marxist totalitarianism... You know, that stuff that needs you to believe nothing really matters, has purpose or direction. Like Darwinism... Get well soon!

@keyihu933 3 года назад

interesting lecture, I was looking for music and suddenly captured by this. There is a lot of unknowns about the early evolution of animals before the Explosion. I wonder when we can find that out.

@matta443 3 года назад

my favorite part is the tundra trollies. imagine that fat grifter got exhausted moving 200 meters 😆

@wilsontexas 3 года назад

Imagination fills in the gaps in evolution. Evolution is losing ground as a viable hypothesis. Random mutations sumple cant create complex systems. That would be a mathmatical miracle.

@wishusknight3009 2 года назад

@@wilsontexas Or maybe you don't understand what evolution actually is. I have yet to meet any creationist who has even a very basic 5th grade understanding of evolution. My suggestion would be to search google for "berkley evolution 101" Berkley university offers a free online course that teaches the basics of evolution. its first module takes about 30 hours to complete, and after that to finish the rest of the basics curriculum is another 8-10 modules of roughly 30 hours each. After that you would have hopefully gotten just a small glimpse at the immense complexities and understanding there is known. After that you can apply to take the more advanced courses which are hundreds of hours, but usually those are not nessisary for a laymen. That gets into more specific aspects from the different branches of science that back up evolution 100% as fact.. Good luck.

@matta443 2 года назад

sorry to interrupt your evolution church but can anyone explain how Mankind's family (chordates) are in the Geologic Record 500 million years before your religious doctrine states (even at Berkeley)? (strawman argument means you can't)

@wishusknight3009 2 года назад

@@matta443 I am afraid your question makes no sense. Could you elaborate?

@bjdouma 2 года назад

+10 for using a Tom & Jerry analogy.

@tigerjongreen Год назад

Thank you fascinating video.

@melekhine 3 года назад

Why does an interesting science lecture randomly turn into a painstakingly detailed pic-sharing sesh from a 30 year old vacation to a hellish wasteland? Loved the lecture 😂

@virgilmccabe2828 3 года назад

I agree, get to the point

@ParameterGrenze 3 года назад

It is perfekt, I love learning about how some science is actually done and lived. I can’t look this up on Wikipedia.

@sciopadore 3 года назад

Wonderfull fossils and what a location for an expedition! where can i sign up?!

@sislertx 3 года назад

Its actually thankfully hard to.get to. Even with that people go and mess it up..people who have no.idea what they are doing and those who just want to m Make money...not telling u.

@matta443 3 года назад

oh, come on, spill the beans, ya grifter.

@arlaban22 3 года назад

Very nice presentation. 😊👍

@knutthompson7879 2 года назад

Remarkable. I'd love to visit this place.

@alaskajdw 3 года назад

How can this channel have less than 5k subscribers? Great content!!

@norbertjendruschj9121 3 года назад

@@clifforddaniels1317 As somebody from the bottom of the argumentative food chain you should take a page from Darwin´s book. Hide or run but don´t walk where lions roar.

@norbertjendruschj9121 3 года назад

@@clifforddaniels1317 FI³S?

@norbertjendruschj9121 3 года назад

@@clifforddaniels1317 To answer at your language level: Lady Gaga has more viewers because she has tits. And have you noticed that your tax money pays the "dullards"? The thought gives me great satisfaction, even schadenfreude.

@pavel9652 3 года назад

@@norbertjendruschj9121 I don't often wrestle with dust mites, but when I do I make sure to have a dust mite bite spray at hand ;)

@norbertjendruschj9121 3 года назад

@@pavel9652 Good advice, Pavel!

@kaylaandjimbryant8258 3 года назад

As for the apparent lack of findings in the more sandy upper shelf regions, could it just be that the environment just wasn't conducive to preservation?

@simonmasters3295 3 года назад

I think he is saying he did not have present day access to other parts of the delta's sedimentary deposition zones. I guess as the ice melts this will change and other localities are exposed.

@kaylaandjimbryant8258 3 года назад

@@simonmasters3295 that's kind of my take as well, the continental shelf portion they are in was getting sandy layers from the upper shelf in storms, and sand isn't that conducive to preservation. But yeah, as large as the layer is maybe they will find something from the upper shelf that was more conducive like an underwater alluvial zone from a river or something with mud or silt transport into what used to be the upper continental shelf.

@bowiedoctor9156 2 года назад

I enjoyed this. Thanks. Very interesting.

@skateboardist1686 4 месяца назад

Everybody here needs to thank this guy for going out there and getting this information whether you believe in God or not I don’t care thank this man thank him many times