The Difficult Birth of the Scanning Electron Microscope 

I should really sleep but can't wait to watch this video 😅

Kendrick bout to drop again

It is irresistible to click on every asianometry video and dig in every link he shared.

I KNOW RIGHT HAHAHAHA I WANTED TO SLEEP and load up double twin scan words again let them simmer even more Enter excuse mode this drive copy taking 4hours anyway soooooooooooooo

You might need some form of dopamine detox, ahehe!

😅😅

Very based ser !

The museum is worth a look if you are interested. The system they have in there is the original microprobe.

Good to see you here mike!

It’s so cool to see your favorite RU-vidrs commenting on your favorite RU-vid’s

True! Gold, Indium, and Platinum are other common precious metal coatings. Many other coatings are possible, too. If you are curious, look up 'sputter coater' and you can learn more about this versatile sample prep tool.

The plating is less than 1/1000th the width of a human hair, you wouldn't want to coat it too thickly or you can't see details.. Like dipping something in paint will smooth over a lot of details.

I have a very similar story. Open house @ Laurentian University in Sudbury ~ 1990. Went into a nondescript room and a lab tech says, "You wanna use a scanning electron microscope?" My fly was gold plated and I spent an hour looking at it.

The whole world seems to be result oriented but excellence could be judged by so many lenses. Result is one of them.

This is actually a very insightful observation and I also found it important in this video!

I am personally not a big fan of this. This approach disincentivizes efficiency as effort becomes more important than result.

It is mostly true, but not quite. Not getting positive results is not an impediment to being awarded a graduate diploma, but only for grad students who did work hard and understand and explain well what failed and suggest what can be done in the future to achieve success (or at least it used to be that way when I was a grad student).

@@FernandoJRodriguezFernandoJRM Yes, I did a physics practical that had terrible results, and got a high mark for explaining why that was so and how to improve in future. I am thinking more of doing good science, excellence, but not producing something new, but should in the future based on their skills. One example may be excellence proving something is not reproducible.

Perhaps it was a Hitachi S 5000, or similar? Hitachi models their SEMs in the thousands like that. I am unsure the timing matches with the release of that model though. I have an old Hitachi 2600 in my garage :)

@@mustardofdoom No, it was made by the Schlumberger company, then called Sentry. It had to be because the lab for which I worked supported their semiconductor-related businesses, the biggest of which was Fairchild. Besides Sentry, there was Factron, and a printing company (can't remember the name, it was almost forty years ago). Years later, I did work with Hitachi, near the turn of the century. Thanks for the reply.

Some targets require you to plate on a thin layer of a dense metal like gold or osmium to deliver crisp Images

SEM, TEM, AFM... all amazing metrology tools.

There's a million different detectors a SEM/TEM have for various purpose. Biology labs are going to have wildly different need than a geological lab or a semiconductor lab.

What did it cost?

@@StefanReich The auction ended at about 350$ plus a trip from Gothenburg to Stockholm to pick it up. Luckily we could borrow a truck from work.

@@Dustycircuit Oh wow. I was expecting it to cost much more

I worked for them back in 1994/95 when under the name of Leica, in a town called Cherry Hinton, Cambridgeshire. One of my missions there was to modify an SEM to work within a radioactive environment, which I achieved by separating the vacuum chamber from the console with long runs of cables connected through a shielded bulkhead. Took me months, but what a beauty that was. Good times. Good bunch of people.

Vernon Cosslett the 1980s boy genius that tragically died at a young age

My bad. I'll fix that.

lol had to come looking for you ser top name, fun stupidity cartoons to watch as a kid

@@belstar1128 some say Beethoven was a genius 🤨

@@goldnutter412 lol, I hope my handle didn't cause your too much trauma! Go Gadget, go!

When I had a job I had a few gold coins, bought one on eBay that had a UK auction tag, an 1880/70 OVERDATE "Marsh coin" NGC slabbed it for me, graded it etc.. but it should say Marsh #whatever. The tag literally meant it was the coin in the Marsh THE GOLD SOVEREIGN reference manual.. every single bag mark the same. The odds ? one in OMEGALUL impossible. I put this on the internet before, told the buyer I think.. so long ago oh well :) Then again, I sent them an Australian dollar "STRUCK THRU" oil from a press.. NO DATE ! so they used this mastery of human ingenuity and teamwork to put the right date.

Great job on not deleting after two edits - sorry, I do these things sometimes type too much too fast before i forget a few key points. The wall of context posts a few times over the last years were.. too hard. Way too much going on without the right analysis of the data in my comments, lost a bunch of hard work.. its okay Maybe Google helping out RU-vid ????? Fix the other crap if so lol, #fake #tickers #botnets #fake #advisors #list #goes #on

You are lucky your wife has not thrown it out. Oh, maybe it's too heavy to budge.

If they sit too long they are challenging to get running again. We totally modified an old Joel SEM when I was in college. I did the upgrades to the UHV system, swapped the mercury diffusion pump for a turbomolecular pump. Was both faster and more energy efficient than the diffusion pump. Oh props to Glassslinger for the bearing repair video.❤

One of the coolest things we imaged were t4 bacteriophages enhanced with OsO4. They look like little space ships on a sausage.😂

Same!

You can find some used ones for about $10k, I believe. I've had to look for SEM's tp possibly cannibalize parts off of. That's how I know!

There are desktop SEMs, my university got one delivered last year. It actually is easier to use than the first SEMs I used in grad school. It’s not cheap, about $200,000 USD (can be cheaper, depends on the model and the accessories), but it’s an indispensable tool to assess what our nanotechnology engineering students do on their projects.

And probably the world's best barnacle researcher before or since. He considered writing On the Origin of Species (over 20 years, mind you) to be a big distraction from his passion of studying barnacles, lol. Legendary turbo-nerd. Thank you Charles for your commitment to scientific communication.

Those Phenom desktop SEMs are really a wonder. My university bought one a year ago, and indeed it’s easy to use, easier than the larger SEMs I used in grad school and earlier in my work as a professor.

The OsO4 contrast is a bit scary, but it works very good. If only they can make something as good but less toxic.

Using a SEM for lithography sounds very amusing. Would be a relatively cheap way to prototype ICs or make a custom part. Awsome. ❤

At our lab, which we have ~40 various electron microscopes, the SEMs that cut and weld we call "dual beams" (welding and milling). It's pretty cool to watch a tiny part of a chip be cut out, sliced, then welded onto a 'grid' for the TEM to then image. That or see them "mill" an picture/image onto a chip that nobody will ever see.

Especially the mentioned German physics who worked for Nazis

sounds ambiguous, as they help u fall asleep

Commercial EM sellers provide pretty straightforward explanations on their websites now. For instance Thermo Fisher Scientific hosts a Cryo-EM university that is a free online series of courses on the topic. Some parts are specific to biological imaging under cryogenic conditions, but it starts with general background material.

Im unaware jeol ever built a 3MV unit, only hitachi did to my knolwledge. There where custom built ones at various institutes.

Older SEMs use liquid nitrogen to cool the sensor on an EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). To obtain the right conductivity on the detector, it has to be kept very cold. Modern tools typically use a different detector type (like silicon drift detector) with Peltier cooling, so no liquid nitrogen is involved. But you can still have systems that use LN2 for cooling the sample down. That's still very common in biology use cases like single particle analysis to discover protein structure.

In standard TEM set-up, yes. But it's just for convenience. with strong enough push-pull from electromagnetic fields, you could put the detector conceivably just about anywhere. Back-scatter detectors and Everhart-Thorley detectors (two most common in SEM) are above the sample, for instance. DPC imaging in TEM has detectors above and/or below the sample. There's variation depending on the desired application.

Typo already in description, Jon is very professional as usual 🙂

Dont forgot the various sample preperation equipment needed. Its expensive in all ways.

@@lbochtler yea even with my cheap traditional microscope it's easy at lower magnification. but at the highest settings everything has to be perfect or it is just a blur

@@belstar1128 with electron microscopes, you also have problems of image distortion and odd behavior due to charge buildup in the column and or sample. so its even worse in some respects. with enough money and diligent work all these problems can be solved however. Though its not as easy for a Hobbyist. it can be done however, just not all that cheaply.

@@belstar1128 i should also add, that i work for and am working to build the first proper electron microscopy museum, located in Nurnberg Germany, we plan to have a citizen scientist lab there, where anyone who is interested and can pay the materials and machine time, can use both a scanning and a transmission electron microscope by themselves. If other methods other then those available on the 2 citizen microscopes are needed, then the ones in the main exhibit or the research lab can be used under supervision or directly by museum staff. Basically, the cost of ownership is born by the museum, and only the quite low cost of use is to be payed for by the user. Examples of cost (not the final numbers, but internal numbers) is, around 5 to 10 euros per hour for running the microscope itself, and between a few euros and a few dozen euros per sample preparation, depending on technique. The maintenance and consumable items like the cathodes are expensive on their own, but spread over time and many users, not that much anymore. The maintenance itself is done by the museum staff, so lower cost then having the OEM do it. I hope that people like you would be interested in this concept. We also plan on having 2 remote controlled machines where people world wide can send in samples and look at them via online control. sample prep would be done by either the sender, or museum staff.

Depending on where you live, you may be able to get one at auction. The analog scopes are especially cheap. Usually $500-5000. You then have to get it delivered and set it up in a stable environment. Getting it up and running and maintaining it is a different story. I bought an SEM at auction for ~2K including all expenses. Not yet functional, but I tinker with it every now and then. You can also rent a benchtop SEM for ~3-5K/day. I know a couple of people who do that as a professional service. The advantage there is you don't have to deal with it afterwards and it should be guaranteed to work during your contract.

He was 10 years old.