You say that the Southern part didn't want the Dutch there anymore and preffered the Habsburs, but the Dutch also decided that they rather kept a Spanish buffer zone between them and the French, a very agressive nation that saw the Rhine as a natural border of their kingdom. ''The Frenchman is a good friend, but a bad neighbour''.
At that time (second half of the sixteenth century) Spain came to win successive wars against France, which was also soon involved in several civil wars, so that statement does not make sense. It can only be understood in the period from 1650 onwards.
It was the Union of Utrecht which was the first Dutch constitution, the Spanish won a few more battles and wrote for the catholic south a new constitution which was the Union of Atrecht. Basically 2 different countries evolved .The Protestant north and the Catholic south. I put it maybe simply but is the reason Belgium declared independence in the 19 century. The Spanish Netherlands were actually independent before the Dutch were. I wished he used the English word for Geuzen it means Beggars nothing sounds more awful than the mispronunciation of Dutch words by an American.
Just saw how Maurice and other key figures were inspired by the proto-Italians known as the Romans to reform the armies for contemporary changed militairy technology. It took us 2 decades to reform and then we became, for a moment, the pinnacle of militairy efficiency.
@Live the moment like it's your last Yes, but no one equals the genocides of the dutch and, specially, the english. The best part is that the reputation as a genocide country, to this day, is for Spain, whom didn't commit genocide.
An excellent presentation. You made the Eighty Year's War understandable with enough brevity to enclose the major points, persons, and events. Again, very well done. I will link next semester's class to this well made lesson if that's okay with you. Great music at the end too.
For a complete detailed coverage of the eighty years war, including all the major events, battles and sieges, check out the channel named "Defragged History". It is a 18 part series, each episode more than 1 hour long.
Another reason, i would say, that English and French didn't accept to be the new king was because the revolt challenged the legitimacy of concept of kingship in a way, here we have a few rebelious provinces who decided that their own king wasn't good enough and wanted to choose a new one by themselves. If they accepted, wouldn't that inspire others in their own kingdom (be it it then or in the future) to do the same?
Very true--and we see that happen most dramatically with the en masse opposition to the French Revolution and its echoes through 1848 in the first half of the 1800s
That's the main weak point in the video, it ignores the revolutionary character of the act of abjuration. It's actually a very thorough legal document stating the obligations of a king to his people and claiming the natural right of the people to judge a king's rule and have him replaced if he fails to meet his obligation to serve the people. On the other hand, in hindsight it couldn't be much worse for the kings of Europe with the Dutch Republic beeing so much richer and having so much trading power. I believe that the idea was that king and land came together with one's position in society like god wanted is, so the Dutch Republic should have been left by god and fail. With it's religious tolerance and freedom of expression, it also allowed for philosophers like Descartes, Locke and Spinoza to work on their enlightement idea's and have their and many other books printed. So if it was about keeping absolute monarchy, the English and the French took the wrong gamble.
but it might have saved them from future radicalization. since the Dutch, not even during patriotic revolt and Batavian republic, didn't act as aggressive and violent as French or English
As Afrikaner, wie se voorouers van Holland af gekom het, asook vanaf die Franse Hugenote, moet ek sê : Ek mis die Oranje Wit en Blou vlag van Suid-Afrika, waarmee ek grootgeword het.
The name "Geuze" was inadvertently awarded by Charles de Berlamont, advisor to regentess Margaretha de Parma, during peace negotiations between her and the Dutch rebel delegation. When he remarked: "N'ayez pas peur Madame, ce ne sont que des gueux". (trans: "No need to be afraid Ma'am, they're only beggars"). His insult "Gueux" (beggars) became the nom-de-guerre, for the rebels. You've got to appreciate the double Dutch required in reporting your losses to your superiors. Which in French would sound like: "We got our asses handed to us by a bunch of beggars".
@@Invading-Specious Nope, they were no "outlaws"at all - according the laws and rules of the "Protestant" Dutch, the Water Geuzen were brave freedom fighters , real hero's - the first to resist the Spanish tyranny of King Philip II. Of course the Water Geuzen profited significantly, if they captured a large Spanish ship, loaded with valuable cargo. They sold it in Amsterdam - and used a large part of this money to re-equip their ships and pay their sailors. Makes pretty good sense to me: let the enemy pay your expenses.. In those days that was common practice - and imho it's not unreasonable at all. The Dutch were fighting for their survival, as a nation and to protect their - already - very successful trade. And they got very good at it, in fact it made The Netherlands incredibly prosperous. See: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geuzen And hear the "Battle song" or "the Anthem" of the Water Geuzen: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-ehDnHcKey1o.html Dutch Patriotic song: "Merck toch hoe sterck" (Bergen op zoom) . This is the very best version I even found - it really makes you feel what these brave men felt: anger, sadness (for all them Dutch people murdered by Spanish rulers & soldiers) and also.. Hope.. It's an awesome song, I love it - the lyrics (I read an English translation) are very impressive too ! ❤😊😊❤
And we could appreciate some more of it during worldcup final 2010. Spain-Netherlands. Very harsh, brutal at moments, like grudge towards Spaniards is part of Dutch soul, and they can't help it. I understand them.
A Bit of History I'm also biased as a dutchy. But thats what I like about dutch history as well. They think outside the box surprising people yet its not even well known nternationally. Things like drowning Spanish by breaching your own levees, hiding Jewish people from the Nazis and a kick ass underground resistance movement and of course someone looking at the ocean and thinks "I think I can suck it dry and create land". Who thinks of that? And its such an underdog stuck in the middle of bigger warring nations...yet they still stand and are a peaceful nation.
Just for the sake of precision, the Dutch didn't conquer the whole of Brazil. They managed to seize the northwestern portion pf the country, a very important region. The rest of the country remained under protuguese control. It is known as the Dutch Invasion in brazillian historiography.
The Dutch of that 17th Century period came up with a Document that we here in The Netherlands call the 'Plakkaat van Verlatinghe;' it was the first ever 'Declaration of Independence' the world had ever seen. This Plakkaat van Verlatinghe was the inspiration for the American Founding Fathers to write their Declaration of Independence.
The merchants and bankers of Amsterdam really didn't want Antwerpen included again because the two cities were arch rivals. Since Antwerp was dependent on the Scheldt Estuary which connected to sea through Dutch territory, it was all too easy for the Dutch to blockade Antwerp's bloodlife connection to the sea. Which is exactly what we did later on.
As I remember it from our history lessons in school, Belgium became an independent state in 1839. But it is clearly in this period of history that the seeds of division were sowed.
@@RedOrm68 and in Belgium we learn that it became independent in 1830. But I think it's just arbitrary. The dates we use are logic, as 1830 marks the beginning of the war for independence and 1839 marks the end. And it's in the beginning that you already don't acknowledge the new enemy, so it makes you "independent" in that way.
The 80 years war was, in many ways, Spain's Vietnam^2. An eternal sink of money and blood for a war of which we should not be proud of and that, at the time, we could not afford to loose and was impossible to win.
Damn those Spanish really didn't learn from Vietnam did they? On a serious note..wouldn't Vietnam be "America's spanish attempt to keep the little guys in check"?
It was the origin of the word dollar as silver became more valuable than gold. The more gold they stole in the Americas the less valuable it became. We have a word for it now it is called inflation. In German valley they mined silver the German for Valley or Dale is Thaler which was pronounced as Dollar in Dutch it is Daalder.
Prince William the Silent of Orange was my 12th Great Grandfather. Having just discovered this through an ancestry project and not knowing anything at all about this area of the world at that time, I learned so much from watching this. Thank you for your concise informational presentation.
@@jobfranschman8436 Through my father's ancestral line. Are you a researcher? I'd be happy to share the ancestral research I did to show you how I discovered this.
@@rmeloche3509 No I am not a researcher haha. Just a Dutch person who is interested in history. William the Silent had 13 children who have reached the age of 18 and many children were born from those children so your story is probably not that strange haha.
elcidsolorzano The British became the foremost naval power sometime in the 18th century, the Napoleonic Wars just asserted their dominance over the sea.
True. The English and the French hated the Netherlands equally and when the English had a Roman Catholic king (Jacobus ii) he teamed up with the French (king louis xiv) and two German bishops in 1672 to conquer the Netherlands and divide it up between them. William III of Orange rescued the Netherlands by defeating the English and French fleets at sea and inundating part of the country blocking the French. This convinced the Netherlands that England had to be brought back as an ally. The Republic did that by invading England in 1688 with everything it got, the entire fleet and army and replacing the catholic king by William the III. This marks a period of 100 years of peace between England and the Republic in which the Republic held the power to oke the king of England as a proper protestant and remained the richest country on earth. But gradually the naval supremacy went to England. Napoleon was the deathblow to aspirations of the republic as a superpower and lost many colonies to England (South Africa, Ceylon, its possessions in India, etc). So in the age of imperialism the republic did not join in in the scramble for Africa, though it did remain in population in the colonies the third colonial power till world war II.
Correction: The British Royal Navy only became the predominant naval power following England's takeover by Dutch Stadtholder Willem III (1688). Before that time, the Dutch Admiral Michiel de Ruyter thoroughly trashed the British fleet in the Battle of the Medway (1667), burning most of it and towing its flagship, the Royal Charles back to The Netherlands. The Dutch merchant fleet was twice the size of that of Great Britain. And everytime the British king ran out of money, he had to end hostilities. With a Dutchman as king of Britain, many Dutch traders, bankers and politicians came over because they did not want to relive the Dutch Year of Disaster (1672). After these events, the British learned how to manage a fleet both militarily and financially. It also helped that the British had a Protestant king now, not a Catholic who thought he ruled by the will of God so never had to pay back the money he had borrowed.
Not quite. During the whole seventeenth century the Dutch and British fleets had five wars. Only one was won by the Dutch (that you mention), one was more or less a draw (Kijkduin) and three were lost by the Dutch. But.. I still maintain that after 1066, the Dutch were the only ones to successfully invade the UK (Glorious Revolution) as it involved the whole Dutch navy and army. The fact that the British did not resist much, is not relevant. That is the same as saying that the Germans did not invade Denmark in 1940 because the Danes did not resist.
Still the same result: Britain didn't become a worldpower with a navy to match untill much later. It sure as hell didn't start with the 'sinking' of the Spanish Armada. Yes, the Armada did sink but the English had precious little to do with that. The weather had.
AudieHolland Dutchies and Spaniards should be closer friends. We have the same perfidious and liar friend: england. The Spanish Armada shit is a myth and an Anglo lie
No one replaced Spain after the 80-year war. Holland or England only became a commercial power, nothing more, with a small, ineffective army against Spain in America, Asia or the Pacific Ocean. 10 provinces remained Catholic (Belgium, Luxembourg, northern France and German Palatinate: the Spanish towns), and that Spain had 32 wars in the world, while it was waging the 80 years war. Spain remained the largest empire in Western Europe until 1759 (with a short hiatus between 1713-1734, until we defeated Austria in Italy), and the largest empire in the world until 1820. France was the only beneficiary from 1648 , because the French betrayed the Catholics in the 30-year war. But the empire of Louis XIV only managed to recover the territories that were historically French, not to make an empire. The French were defeated by Spain in Italy at that time, and the English were defeated in America. It must be remembered that Spain is the only country in history that has fought against 5 powers simultaneously for 200 years: France, England, the Netherlands, Protestant Germany and the Turkish Empire, almost always simultaneously. And after those wars the empire continued to exist for another 200 years, and it was one of the great powers for another 130 years, leaving a legacy today of 590 million Spanish speakers, and 800 million Catholics (150 million in Europe and 100 million in Asia) thanks to the victories of the Spanish empire. You have to remember that the United States could not win the Vietnam War. Britain never had an empire in Europe, only in third world or uninhabited lands. Napoléon fought 20 years and lost the empire. Hitler fought 5 years and was defeated and Germany lost everything. Rome never waged a 200-year war against 5 powers
Note about the armada: the English sent back an even bigger armada that was defeated. This second English armada was even more important, as sparked the English defeat in the war, and the next anglospanish war, that sparked the English civil war.
That song gave me goosebumps it was glorious, and I really liked your didactic resources such as the end summary and even your take on history's riple effect. You have a new sub :)
Thanks for this video, but if you don't mind I have a couple of corrections: - Religious conflicts and the Spanish Inquisition were one aspect of why the people of the Netherlands started to resent the Habsburgers, the other aspects were the high taxes and the fact that Philip tried to unite all of his possessions into a single unified empire, taking away many of the liberties that the Netherlanders were used to. - Willem van Oranje was not a Netherlander, but German-born. Emperor Karel V had send him as a child to the Netherlands to be raised Catholic. - After the death of Willem van Oranje, military leadership went to his son Maurits, but political leadership went to the lawyerJohan van Oldenbarnevelt. - Defeating the Armada was a big moment for British naval history, but after that the British naval power started to wane again. Generally the battle of Trafalgar is considered to be the moment when Britain becomes the world's greatest naval power. I think though that becoming a naval power has nothing to do with anything but Britain being an Island nation, it is the logical thing to do.
The most important reason for the Spanish to keep the NETHERLANDS has to do with the fact that Charles V (father of Philips II) has been raised in Gent (flanders) When he went to Spain to accept the Spanish throne he even let copie his netherlandish castle in Spain. So he kept feeling attatched to the Netherlands and spoke middle-Dutch of the time. The Netherlands were very rich and thats what accually motivated the war . They didn't want to loose the Netherlands because of the highly develloped culture and rich ,free econome of the time. RELEGION motivation became just anather tool of power in the war .. .
not quite, the reason why they wanted to keep the Netherlands was because the Low Countries were the last remnants of the Burgundian dynasty that weren't gobbled up by the French. It was basically an heirloom and seen as an integral part of the empire.
@@TheJH1015 the centre of power economically and culturally in bourgondian times lay in the southern Netherlands, which strongly motivated Spain to stay in rule as well...
Great video. Only the population of Antwerp did not flea from the Spanish until after the city was taken. Farnese was a pretty decent person, he actually gave the people a choice convert or leave. More then half the city ( the better half i might point out ) left for the Netherlands. This in turn was the impulse, together with refugees fleeing the 30 years was in the German lands, that sparked the rise to power of the Dutch Republic. Again good video
Spain inherited the Netherlands when Charles V abdicated. For the next 80 years Holland was Spain's endless Vietnam. 25% of the wealth of the Empire wasted focused on one little speck of land. All that money could have been used to build canals and roads in Spain to increase trade. The English did not defeat the Spanish Armada since they wisely refused to fight. God's hurricane did extensive damage to the Armada. As to the English ruling the seas after 1588 is pure English fantasy history. 1589 was a total disaster for Francis Drake and the English Armada. 300 years later the Spanish were still the Royal Navy's worst nightmare (e.g., Almirante Cordova y Cordova on 8/9/1780). What Spain did to the Dutch was cruel. The Dutch only wished to exercise their a Freedom of Conscious. It is awful what the Spanish did to the Protestant during the Counter Reformation. All in the name of God. Catholic Church worked hand in glove with the Spanish.
@WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE We bled the French dry. Only The Russian winter inflicted more casualties. Three Pigs for every French POW was the agreed upon exchanged. Gladstone was a JOKE
The watergeuzen actually didn't capture Brielle the spanish saw them coming and just left. The first city they really captured, with a siege and everything, was Alkmaar. That's where the phrase "Alkmaar de victorie" comes from, translated it is "Alkmaar the victory" and a lot of things still refer to that phrase (victory park for example). the way they won this siege was also quite interesting, at first the city was besieged by both the spanish to the south and the watergeuzen to the north, they let the watergeuzen in as they thought of them as the most friendly of the two parties. Then the spanish properly besieged the city letting nothing in or out. there was however one thing that made it through, a letter in a pole with which a young boy vaulted over all the small ditches in the polders. In the letter was a request to open all the sluices, which happened and so the spanish army was wading through knee deep water and mud and had to abandon the siege along with anything heavy, so they were a broken and unsupplied army.
We schrijven 1 april 1572, Den Briel. De opstandige Watergeuzen, overgewaaid vanuit Engeland, nemen Den Briel in. Het is de eerste vrije stad in het door Spanje bestuurde Holland, vandaar de eervolle wapenspreuk “Libertatis Primitiae”, de Eersteling der Vrijheid. Met deze historische gebeurtenis van nationale betekenis krijgt Brielle een plekje in de vaderlandse geschiedenis.
You forget to mention William was actually pretty close to the Spanish King before the whole mess started. William tried to appeal to the Spanish king throughout the whole process until William was exiled. This is why the following line is in "Het Wilhelmus": "De Koning van Hispanje heb ik altijd geëerd" I've always honored the King of Spain.
Well then you should be aware of this as well! even before the mess started, Philip always took William for granted! the respect among them was always one-sided and even one slip of William was enough for Phillip to completely turn against him, even thought William tried so hard to be tolerant
Good that you mentioned the Act of Abjuration. In the time of the Dutch colonies my ancestors also established New Netherland in the new world, with New Amsterdam as its main town. Of course we all know this 'town' as New York now, a name change because at some point the English took over. Interestingly, American historians have begun to uncover more about this era. It seems now that it's the liberal multi cultural Dutch society that became the precursor of the so called American melting pot. The English brought a very homogenous society to the new world but the Dutch introduced an incredibly diverse population and with New Amsterdam at an important strategical location this slowly became the trend in other parts of North America. Lots of European immigrants moved to The Netherlands back then to seek refuge, a better life, overseas adventure or simply just freedom, the freedom to step up the social ladder no matter their personal background. Perhaps this is even where the American dream came from, the dream that was able to convert hard work into succes and status for every soul, rich and poor. Even more interesting, some historians now claim that the Act of Abjuration is in a lot of ways parallel to the American Declaration of Independence, with striking similarities such as cutting off a foreign king as head of state, declaring freedom of religion and the founding of a new independent state, with about 200 years between the Act and the Declaration. There's good historical reason why The Netherlands were arguably the first nation to recognize the United States as a country.
Roy Perkins Claim credit? Uh aren't we simply talking about history here? I don't give a shit about national pride or identity. I left Holland years ago and if there is one thing it's that I've never felt any pride just because I happened to be born somewhere. I wish others would do the same. ;)
The channel was Thomas Jefferson, who lived in the Netherlands for a time (he did not like it here, though). He knew about the Act of Abjuration and certainly had to do with the Declaration of independence. We know this from his letters. He wrote a lot of letters (just as William of Orange, who wrote, on average 2 letters a day!).
Good, concise summary but maybe a little too much emphasis on the religious motivations for the conflict, which were one aspect of resentment towards the empire of the Habsburgs, but other factors such as high taxation, lack of direct representation and governance and the desire to be an economically and politically independent confederation were the real driving force throughout the 80 years of the Dutch struggle. In many ways the Dutch were on the independence drive 100-200 years before the American colonists did the same thing with the British empire.
Good question--there is definitely a bit of religiousness there, but it goes hand in hand with the way the Habsburgs derived their power. The Holy Roman Emperor (by this time all Habsburgs) was first crowned as Emperor of the Romans by the pope in 962 (or 800, if you count Charlemagne & co.), and they continued to be crowned by the popes until the 1500s (Charles V is the last one). So, they all derive their power from the pope, and thus, the Catholic Church. Additionally, their position gives them a bit of power and prestige in the Catholic world, as you saw when Sigismund called for the Council of Constance during the Western Schism. It's in the Emperor's interest to keep all of his domains Catholic, because it allows him to have more power over them, and it strengthens the legitimacy of his rule. It might also be better for his income, but I'm not sure. At least indirectly, it probably was. Spain is famous for its insistence on Catholicism, and the reason why they are so fond of it is twofold: One, they get special privileges from the pope, called the patronato real, where they can appoint Church bishops in Spain (a rarity in Europe, usually the pope appoints them) and manage Church funds in their realm. (i.e. bolster their income. Churches are very profitable.) Two, they've got a real crusading, devoutly religious spirit--the Catholic-sponsored Reconquista against the Muslim Moors only ends in 1492, less than a century before the events of this video--unique to them (and Portugal) out of any other nations in Europe. It's for reasons like that (and to consolidate their realm) that Isabella and Ferdinand start the Spanish Inquisition, reinforcing Catholicism across their domains, and it continues all the way into the 1800s. TL;DR religion,a bit, but yeah, money, power, and control
@ABitOfHistory I was going to reply with a similar response, but mine would have been a lot less informative, I am not nearly as knowledgable about this time period as I would like to be. I just started following your channel a few days ago, and I have to say it is very informative. I know you probably have to keep the videos short to keep peoples interest but I for one would love a few longer videos, or maybe a whole series on a particular subject.
Thanks! I'm more of a breadth guy than a depth guy when it comes to history, so I'm not really sure I'd be qualified. Glad you're enjoying them, though!
A Bit of History Would you consider the unity that religion creates of major influence in the decisions of Phillips to attack and recapture the rebellious upper Netherlands(as for keeping a country together), or is it just the money that was important to the political leaders like Philips II?
He should have mentioned the Dutch national anthem here. It mentions the Spanish king as the one to be honored... !!,.. which sounds kind of strange, but isn't in the context of this history. It tells you that the war didn't start as a revolution against authority (the Spanish king), but as a fight for (religious) freedom. The Act of Abjuration (Declaration of Independence) took place in 1581, 13 year after the struggle started. So, independence was not the initial objective, but a consequence of the choice of authorities to forbid freedom of thought. Nice to have a reflection of this in the national anthem...
Michiel de Jong The anthem is a mock of William Of Orange against Felipe II, presenting himself as the victim and a hero fighting against "a brother", nothing but lies, like the typical dutchman.
A critical factor through this which gets no mention is the takeover by the Venetian bankers in Amsterdam and the formation of the first central bank. That model based on the Venetian banking model set the template later brought to England by the same people when England was taken over in 1688 by William III and the so called 'Glorious Revolution'. The price for that was the creation of the Bank of England modelled after the earlier Amsterdam and Hamburg template and the plunging of the country into debt through loans paid to fight the bankers wars. There was also little separation between the Dutch and English EIC's - these were the first internationalists who saw no country as one that was deserving of their loyalty. This then set in stone the modern financial systems and the people have been paying for it ever since.
One slight correction: William of Orange was never a Dutchman. He was a German nobleman with some possessions in the Netherlands. He inherited a sovereign French title "prince of Orange". That made him a sovereign, albeit a very small one. He was extremely high up in the European noble hierarchy, but he was never Dutch. He mastered French, German, Spanish and some English, but he did not even speak or read a word of Dutch. He defended the rights of nobility against an absolute King, and then this spiralled into defending justice and what we now would call "basic human rights". In fact it is still incomprehensible to me that he risked everything as his stakes in the conflict were not very high at first but he had everything to lose. I guess he was just as "flexible" in his principles as the King of Spain was....
The British become a true naval power concluding the the war of the Spanish succesion and yes the Low countries is what for the Kingdom of Spain was our 'Vietnam '. Historians give to much credit to the British but once again it was Dutch blood and treasure which checked Spain in Europe for a spell.
The war with Holland and Zeeland was indeed Spains Vietnam. With technology anno 1600 Spain couldn't win and it was costing Spain far too much money. I agree that traditional American, English and French history is rather biased in seeing European history too a large degree only through English and French eyes, and ignoring the significant roles that the other powers played.
@@roodborstkalf9664 Where do you ever see or hear French history being biased in seeing European history too a large degree only through English and French's eyes?
*elcidsolorzano* Thank you for your corrections. I do think that the Dutch, being alway low on manpower, did also hire quite a number of mercenaries to do their fighting for them. Dutch blood was spilled of course, but even more Dutch money was paid to foreign mercenaries. And after Maurits (Maurice) became the general commander of the Dutch army, officers and soldiers from other nations flocked to the Dutch cause because it looked also good on their résumé! Then of course, there were staunchly catholic Dutch nobles, loyal to the Spanish crown, who fought for the Spanish cause, meaning the Dutch Eighty Years' War was also a civil war.
Merck toch hoe sterck has to be the best piece of music to add to this whole piece of summarised history, wonderful job! Missed my favourite line though; "Het bloedige, moedige, woedige swaerd blonck en het klonck, dat de vonken daarvan vlogen."
Enjoyed it. What was not mentioned is that many french "hugenoten" (huguenots: cathlics turned protestant) fled to Zeeland/Amsterdam as well as "dopers en wederdoper" (baptists) from Switserland and Germany who fled to Amsterdam/Alkmaar and the northern parts of the country. Lets be fair: The Netherlands also became great because of the influx of many fleeing their country...or leaving in order to find employment like many Italians who worked in the "Delfts Blauw" pottery factories.
In naam van Oranje, doe open de poort! De watergeus ligt aan de wal: De vlootvoogd der Geuzen, hij maakt geen akkoord Hij vordert Den Briel of uw val Dat is het bevel van Lumey op mijn eer En burgers, hier baat nu geen tegenstand meer, De watergeus komt om Den Briel! (BIS) De vloot is met vijfduizend koppen bemand, De mannen zijn kloek en vol vuur. Een ogenblik nog en zij stappen aan land, Zij wachten bericht binnen 't uur; Gij moogt dus niet dralen, doet open die poort, Dan nemen de Geuzen terstond zonder moord Bezit van de vesting Den Briel! (BIS) Komt, geeft de verzek'ring, 'k moet spoedig terug De klok heeft het uur reeds gemeld. Ik zeg 't U, geeft gij mij de sleutels niet vlug Dan is reeds uw vonnis geveld. De wakkere Geuzen staan tandenknarsend daar. Zij wetten hun zwaarden en maken zich klaar. En zweren: "Den dood of Den Briel!" (BIS) Hier dringt men naar buiten, daar schuilt men bijeen En spreekt over Koppestocks last: "De stad in hun handen of anders de dood" 't Besluit tot het eerste staat vast! Maar nauw'lijks is hiermee de veerman gevleid, Of Simon de Rijck heeft de poort gerammeid En zo kwam de Geus in Den Briel! (BIS)
It's more like: Amazing how the Spanish bankrupted themselves by transferring 'free gold and silver' (they didn't know about inflation…) from the Americas to Spain and it was Amazing how many wars the Spanish started because they thought they were doing God's work. During the Eighty Years' War, Dutch Geuzen openly proclaimed their love for the Ottoman Empire. Why? Well, we know that if you followed a different religion while living in the Ottoman Empire, you had to pay a tax. Sure, we Dutch understood everything about taxes and hey, if it just meant having to pay a little to remain Protestant, so be it. What option did the Catholic Spanish king offer? BECOME CATHOLIC OR BURN AT THE STAKE
AudieHolland there’s a lots of myths about the Spaniards,also it’s ironic how people think it was a Netherlands vs Spain war because of religion,while the Netherlands still has more catholic population than Protestant
@@su_morenito_1948 About 60% of religious Dutch people were Protestant in *1849* Slightly less than 40% were Catholic. Today, half of the population is not religious at all. And since Catholics are half of all relgious people, they're about a quarter of the entire population.
Hi, one big mistake. Your heading say's, 'The Dutch Revolt' meaning The Deutsche Revolt. Dutch is not from Nederland, it is from germany where german people started to live near the border with Nederland. Thru wars, the border kept changing. In the end with the new latest border, there were still many germans(deutsch) living on the new side of Nederland. These people are called by the Nederlanders, the Dutch(deutsch). Most of Nederland have no Dutch heritage at all, thus many people in Nederland are NOT Dutch at all. On the English presume that all people in Nederland are Dutch. I am from Nederland and I am certainly NOT Dutch.
The sinking of the armada did not lead to British supremacy at sea, That really only started in cromwells time. They had a good navy up to that time, but only then did it start to rival the Dutch.
I understand Spain used mercenaries from many countries in Europe, as thee were simply not enough Spaniards alive in all of Spain to occupy such large and extended territories as it had conquered, therefore there people in Spanish army from Italy, Germany, England, France, and of course Holland, etc. Those were the mercenaries "not happy" with delays in salary payments that went on a butchering, not the Spanish command.
Easy to follow voice with a nice tone. Your enveloping key points wheedled me to scribble them down, saving my Dutch Revolt recall from vamoosing down the brain chasm. tTaaaaanx 8)
William the Silent was just the heir to a Lutheran German barony before he was willed the domains of a cousin, the last of the first line of Princes Of Orange (a semi-independent French principality, much like Monaco technically is), and was raised at court of Emperor Charles V (who was also King Of Spain and Naples, and Duke Of Burgundy, not the separate County of Burgundy but Flanders and parts north), because William was now the richest non-Hapsburg in Europe and you just cannot have someone like that growing up on his own. When Charles died, William moved to his Low Country estates and took up his hereditary offices as Stadtholder (Speaker of Parliament) in Holland, Utrecht, and other Dutch provinces.
This is a very good video. The only part of this video that I disagree with is the part where you characterize the different groups of the Low Countries during the revolt. And specifically the time in the video you place it. Your video has largely a chronological structure and at the time you make the description it is not fully accurate. It is a little know fact possibly partly due to a rewriting of history afterwards that many of the most fervent Calvinists were actually living in the south, not the north. During 1577-78 in many cities in the south Calvinist groups seized power and they setup a Calvinist republic with Ghent as its center of power 1577-84. During which time some important cities in the north, Amsterdam being the most prominent, were still staunchly Catholic. Also it is no coincidence that the Iconoclastic Fury started in the south. Your characterization only becomes accurate after the republic of Ghent and other southern Calvinist groups get defeated by Farnese and the Calvinist part of the population flees north. The characterization you make would have been a much better fit later in the video. On the whole though a very good video.
Btw. Regarding the act of abjuration. You Americans always think so highly of your Independenca act? Yeah... That's just a copy of the dutch de facto independence act. Aka... The Act of abjuration.
Snaakie it’s too similar to just be influenced, it’s almost word by word the same (obviously changing around a few things) Alert I’m gonna mention Hetalia and shipping I like to think of America and Netherlands forming the Declaration of Independence together and Netherlands acting like this supportive uncle helping his nephew against his dad (England) and before the USUK fangirls come after me, I do ship it just in a few instances I prefer other ships (the multi-shipping lifestyle is quite nice you should try it) and why I say uncle when Netherlands isn’t a brother of England’s it’s because I ship Ireland and Netherlands (but also Canada and Netherlands) and I like to think that the BeNeLux siblings were also raised by Germania but aren’t part of the Germanic siblings because they are like their cousins
1:07 Wilhelm 1. von Nassau Oranien / Prince of Orange, born 1533 in Nassau Dillenburg, today Hessen, Germany. died 1584 Delft. He spoke German and French, but bad Dutch. The dialect in Dillenburg is not very close to Dutch. The Dutch sing about him to this day : "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe ben ik, van Duitsen bloed," = "Wilhelm of Nassau am I, of German blood," One day Wilhelm gathered soldiers in Nassau Dillenburg and Nassau Siegen and went to the Netherlands against the Spain. Nassau Siegen was later exchanged for the Duchy of Luxembourg and therefore came to Prussian Westphalia. That is why Siegen does not belong to Hessen but NRW today.
A fact about the US, the pilgrim fathers fled to Leiden from England because they were prosecuted because of their religion. After a few years they decide to leave the Netherlands because they deemed the liberal climate to damaging for their children. We know till this day that religion in the US is to much intervening with normal life, I’m happy to live in our country of real freedom.
What is the name of the music at the end? I'm dutch and it sound very farmiliar, though the lyrics are very hard to hear. (The melody on the other hand reminds me very much of russian music)
Great vid on an often looked over war. Can you do a part 2 and cover the Anglo-Dutch wars or just the Netherlands in general after the Treaty of Westphalia?
There is still a saying "Op 1 april verloor Alva zijn bril." This means "On April 1, Alva lost his glasses." Becaus Den briel whas the biggest city alva lost to the watergeuzen. Briel = bril (glasses) in old dutch.
Brielle was niet de de grootste, maar wel de eerste stad welke Alva verloor. Eerstelinge der Vrijheid oftewel ‘Libertatis Primitiae’. Ik heb nu zelfs de Spaanse vlag buiten hangen vanwege de 1 april viering a.s. donderdag. Helaas amper een viering net zoals vorig jaar vanwege COVID 19.
The significance of the eighty year's war for world history is, that before that the ruler (mostly king) of a territory was sent there by God to rule and had the divine right to tell his people what religion to follow. The Dutch did not recognise this right and (eventually) came up with the idea that a ruler can only be legitimized by his people, not by God, and therefore could not choose the religion of his subjects too. The Republic was re-invented (after the Greec city states and briefly Rome, there had never been a republic anymore in over 1000 years). Nowadays the Dutch have a monarchy again and (sadly) we are now the only country that uses the Euro that puts "God be with us" at the side of the Euro coins. ("us" is pluralis majestatis, meaning "the King/Queen). So yeah, something went wrong, somewhere.
Technically William of Orange is not native Dutch he was german. He didn't even speak Dutch. He spoke French and German if I recall correctly, but don't quote me on that.
@@jerrysamuels1113 I thought about it. Whilst the present day Germany did not exist the people were refered to as Germans well before that. Plenty of history books refer to the kingdoms, dukedoms, princedoms that compose the territory present day Germany as German fiefdoms and I am pretty sure those tend to know what they talk about. The name was literally given to the region and its people by the Romans. So, more than a millenium before Germany as a country was formed. So I am pretty confident in calling him a German.
I'll forgive a minor thing you have overlooked. The importance of, and role of, my hometown during the 80 year war, it was never captured by the spanish, and they tried for 80 freakin years, knowing they needed my town, to secure Antwerp, if they had my town, they would've had a free corridor for troops, merchandice and warships. This didnt happen because of the "vesting werken" we're known for. The town obviously is Bergen op Zoom, the song you end with is indeed the geuzen song, AND it is the Anthem of my hometown, the lyrics mention all the parts of the history of Bergen op Zoom. (this is the reason i forgive you didnt mention my town, the Anthem made me happy :) ) About the song.... The Chorus goes like: Berg op Zoom hout u vroom, Stut de Spaensche scharen; Laet 's Lands boom end' sijn stroom Trouwlijck doen bewaren! (this is old dutch btw, nothing misspelled) And that pretty much translates to: Berg(en) op Zoom, stay pious, resist/stop the spanish invaders. (tricky part to translate) let your land, trees and waters, protect you all. (open for debate, but i think this comes closest to the meaning of the words) Either way, i had not heard that Anthem in many, many years, and it made my day, ty for that :)
En hier is ie van Brielle: In naam van Oranje, doe open de poort! De watergeus ligt aan de wal: De vlootvoogd der Geuzen, hij maakt geen akkoord Hij vordert Den Briel of uw val Dat is het bevel van Lumey op mijn eer En burgers, hier baat nu geen tegenstand meer, De watergeus komt om Den Briel! (BIS) De vloot is met vijfduizend koppen bemand, De mannen zijn kloek en vol vuur. Een ogenblik nog en zij stappen aan land, Zij wachten bericht binnen 't uur; Gij moogt dus niet dralen, doet open die poort, Dan nemen de Geuzen terstond zonder moord Bezit van de vesting Den Briel! (BIS) Komt, geeft de verzek'ring, 'k moet spoedig terug De klok heeft het uur reeds gemeld. Ik zeg 't U, geeft gij mij de sleutels niet vlug Dan is reeds uw vonnis geveld. De wakkere Geuzen staan tandenknarsend daar. Zij wetten hun zwaarden en maken zich klaar. En zweren: "Den dood of Den Briel!" (BIS) Hier dringt men naar buiten, daar schuilt men bijeen En spreekt over Koppestocks last: "De stad in hun handen of anders de dood" 't Besluit tot het eerste staat vast! Maar nauw'lijks is hiermee de veerman gevleid, Of Simon de Rijck heeft de poort gerammeid En zo kwam de Geus in Den Briel! (BIS)
'nobody wanted to tick off the Habsburgs that much' - True, however what is missing is that the Netherlands back then first pleaded to the Austrian side for help with the suppression done by the Spanish side of the Habsburg family. They ignored us Dutchies and with the help of mercenaries and allies and opportunists we won our independence from Spain.
By the way, the best navy in world history has been the spanish one during centuries, THAT FOUGHT EVERYBODY AT THE SAME TIME, the worst 4 english navy disaster in history has been at the hands of spanish navy, La Rochelle 1372 (one hundred years war), english navy was totally anhilated, English Armada 1589 commanded by Drake and Norris, the english lost 20.000 men in La Coruña-Lisbon, Cartagena de Indias 1741, Vernon lost 70 ships and almost 20.000 men when attacking Cartagena de Indias (New Granada=Colombia), and Action of 9 August 1780 before Georgetown, that has been the english worst logistic disaster in history, the spanish capture 52 english artillied merchant frigates and briggs, and 5 Indiamen, thousands red coats prisioners, 80.000 musquettes, more than 1.000.000 pouns gold....etc etc etc. Even in Trafalgar english lost again, but they always try to hide that with their propaganda, that in Trafalgar english didn't win, is even admitted by english historians form Sandhurst Military Academy as David Chandler or Duncan Anderson.
At the same time spanish allied with the dutch catholics fought the protestant dutch, the spanish armies were fighting the french, the ottomans, the english, the swedish, the german protestants....., exploring the Oceans, conquering new Continents, and exporting european civilization worldwide. NO COUNTRY IN HISTORY HAS ACHIEVED ANYTHING SIMILAR, NOBODY HAS THIS HISTORY.
"Merck toch hoe sterk," (Mark Yet How Strong or See Yet How Strong), a song of the Geuzen (the rebels) during the Dutch Revolt. nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merck_toch_hoe_sterck_(lied) (I could only find the wikipedia page in the Dutch, sorry)
The shame thing and always thought as a kid why am I not learning more about our own country history at school. Instead learning real random stuff.had nothing with the 80 year war growing up would of been nice
Until around 1970 we learnt a lot about the 80-years war at school. Following the revolution of 1968 this was abolished because then the new pro-European elites didn't want to promote nationalism anymore.
"Merck toch hoe sterck" (nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merck_toch_hoe_sterck_(lied)). Text published 1626, written by Adriaen Valerius to an existing italian comedic dance melody. The performance in the end of the video may be a protestant choir's interpretation to make it sound very serious. Or patriotic. It was a victorious song about the liberation and conquering of troops holding Bergen op Zoom under siege. Geux soldiers may have sun the song differently when celebrating victory.
Good vídeo, you have to understand that the Spanish revolted against the Habsburgs (Los Comuneros) and Charles the V and Holy Román Empire but were defeated. This dragged Spain into continuous wars in the Mediterranean against the Ottomans, the French in Italy, and in what is today Belgium and the Netherlands as well as the 30 Year War. If the Catholic Kings' son had not died then Spain would not have been "married" into the Habsburg and Holy Empire and we would have had a Spanish dynasty and Spain would not have been involved in so many wars that basically destroyed the demographics, customs and the treasury. But perhaps the map of the Mediterranean, the muslim influence in Austria (who knows up to where else) and Catholic Germany and even France would be very different today. Just one comment "armada Invencible" is an English concept, in Spain it was called "la Gran Armada", and if you comment in this fact you have to include " The Counter Armada" which was sent by the British the following year, including protestant forces from the Netherlands and Germany, against Spain and ended in a military defeat and being partially destroyed by a storm just like the Spanish Armada, which ended in a peace treaty that did not change anything.
