The Forgotten TOROID PLASMA REACTOR 

Toroidal Plasma Generator:bagelgen.com/ @KnowArt :www.youtube.com/@KnowArt Tesla Coil Gun:amzn.to/3UZ2UZ0 3D Models at: integza.com/ My 3D Printers Prusa mk3:amzn.to/3SEXr83 Bambu Lab X1 Carbon:bambulab.com/en-eu/x1 Creality K1:amzn.to/4bjM4K3 Prusa SL1S SPEED:amzn.to/4bu7LHA Form 3: formlabs.com/eu/3d-printers/form-3/ CNC MACHINE:bit.ly/3sqTUQm

Make your own bioplastic and use it to 3D print something Edit: To expand on the idea, you could make PLA from ripe tomatoes to make lactic acid (fermentation of the sugar contained in the ripe tomato)(Bartkiene & Vidmantiene et al 2013)(Venschott, Hoelderich & Eisenacher 2023) but then you could use young tomatoes as a starch source as they're 20% starch by dry weight (Schaffer & Petreikov 1997) to make thermoplastic starch. You can then blend the two to make filament with different properties, depending on the ratio(s). Tomatoes are disgusting and what better use for them than 3D printing? Tomatoes are disgusting!!

i LOVE when a bunch of physics/enginering/math/stuff youtubers interact with each other, is always so fun to see that in the end everyone just like to learn and a good way to learn is sharing experiences with other ppl

My suspicions confirmed, every technical/inventor youtuber I know just lives in the same dormitory and they can casually apper all in one video, and they go to eachothers birthday parties, and they have eachothers personal phone numbers, and they give eachother choccolates on Valentines day AND....

7:06 "I say the electrons are going nowhere, because, well, they're just oscilating." not quite. They _would_ just oscilate, except you have a diode there, which is a one-way valve for electrons. So one direction they pass through, but when they would move back, they don't. Like a ratchet wrench, the handle oscilates, but the socket keeps spinning one direction.

*giggles at the magnets and coil making the LED excited*

The plasma is called Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), and is very commonly used in semiconductor processing equipment for depositing and etching material from wafers. If you put the coil on the top of the bulb, the ring will stabilize because the hotter gas will remain at the top of the bulb.

I absolutely adore the group geek-out over the plasma donut. That plasma sphere in a vodka bottle makes me think of ball lightning. Suggestion for a future video could be anything and I would enjoy you tackling it, but how about shaping plasma via magnets? A full-length collab with some of the other youtube engineers, adding more coils, maybe find someone who could create a flask with different gasses inside?

Your content is always so fun. Thank you!

Instructions unclear. Accidentally summoned a mini-sun in my garage.

The amount of collaboration on this video with the RU-vid community is just awesome and impressive. Thankyou sir for the content.

Loved all the guests, especially from smarter everyday, can't wait to finish my first project and collaborate with other RU-vidr tinkerers and inventors

Bros doing a big full on multi youtuber collab

I was an electrical engineering hobbyist from around 95-2010. Built tesla coils, modular synths, tube amps, etc.. (The usual). I was reading everything I could related to EE at the time, and came across these toroidal plasma generators. Everything was on individual websites back then, and I cannot find it anymore. But there were videos, photos, schematics. A lot of theory. He played around a lot w/ different frequencies and waveforms. He was able to control the shape of the plasma, much better than any of these recent tries. I wish I could offer something helpful.. But am mostly writing to ask, did anyone else see that website???? Remember more about it?

Make a light saber like the one from Alex’s Lab

You got the whole band together for this one! Love it!

Very cool to see BackMac meet you guys.

This is the adult equivalent of playing with fireworks...but way cooler and probably even more dangerous. edit: I mean with the thousands of volts being generated, I would bet that there's some risk that'll turn you into a steak. It's still really cool though! Something cool Integza can try is to make is a lightning tube which is probably just as scary but still an awesome display of plasma.

One of the best crossovers on RU-vid!! Wish there was more content behind this project…

I was missing @Veritasium in that mash-up! So fun to see collabs like this! Also that's the best way of killing a tomato I've seen so far, keep up the good work!

hey first of all, this isn't about the TOROID PLASMA REACTOR. I'm a passionate learner of rocket science who just got introduced to this field. I noticed that you are trying to make rocket engines with can produce a lot of thrust. After some observations on your Video, I came up with some suggestions. They are: 1. you can try a rocket with de Laval nozzle which has a decently minimized combustion chamber. This can increase the pressure inside the chamber so high that your engine can produce a lot of thrust. 2. you mostly use 3d printing to produce a identical model of a rocket engine, you can use some of the cheap metal 3d printers available in the market to print metal parts. this can reduce your waiting time and effort for a rocket. 3. I kinda felt that you have a good connection with peoples who are intensely working in particular fields like electronics and rocket science. I suggest that the knowledge you gain from them can be useful for others who can't get in contact with them easily, so I wish that you can record them and post it as documentaries to gain knowledge for learners. Hoping that these suggestions will be heard, thanks for giving us such knowledgeable contents continuously

What I love the most about this vid. Seeing all my favorite RU-vidrs have fun together 👍👍

Nikola Tesla preformed many plasma experiments. In days before internet, I remember seeing a sketch in a book describing a similar 'plasma ball' setup. Unfortunately I don't think there is any actual photos, mostly sketches and stories, as demos where mostly private in his lab. Public displays tended to be grander performances utilizing oversized equipment. FYI: another way of making plasma is placing two grapes just barely touching in a microwave. The microwaves get trapped in the grapes going around, but focus/concentrate where grapes touch. Why happens is related to the index of refraction, grape diameter and index of refraction between air and grape juice. Jello would work too, if similar sized round balls. Science can be so enlightening!

Seeing a bunch of my favorite you tubers collectively geeking out together is a wonderful wholesome experience. Thanks Joel :)

Nice collab a lot of my fav creators all at once crazy good

I have made oscillators for audio, up to very high radio frequencies, including into the GHz range for radar use, and some of them were used to stimulate florescent bulbs to glow. I never made one to cause it to bagel or pringle, but then I never used an oscillator to stimulate a large globe of gas to glow! But my favorite glow oscillators didn't use the terminals to excite the gas to glow, but used the transformer action to stimulate the gas to glow, but the loss of power was large. But I wouldn't say that the glow was a plasma, as it wasn't very high temperature, as it didn't heat up the florescent tube very hot. But I was just trying to make the tube glow, and I kept the power low, especially because I didn't want to get the FCC involved!

Maybe get all the guys together to make a bigger version of this plasma Donut. Seems like some of you already have bigger components and assemblies of tesla coils. Seeing this on a large scale would be amazing!

You are great - I was shocked not only by the phenomenon itself, but because you just put together opinions of all the guys I follow on the RU-vid - EBoom, Plasma, and so on...

Integza pulled a "call in... EVERYONE" moment.

What a wild hair style, it looks like some dead animal was glued to his scalp

I would love to see more videos on plasma in general! It was a very interesting video! Keep it up

Love your content Integza! I would love to see you holding some large plasma tubes on a base you can stand on. Thanks!

Make a Tesla Coil

Collaborations like this on RU-vid is basically science exiting the controlled labs and entering the masses. A lot of these phenomena might as well be magic for a lot of us, but people like Joel provide explanations that bring it down to earth. Well done.

A similar principle is used in some of the lamps used in absorption spectroscopy for analytical chemistry

This episode is like the best, so many awesome people and the story at the end XD, perfect.

hahah ohhh man this is so awesome, i love how you brought everyone into the vid, as soon as mehdi showed up I was like "Oh dang the whole gangs in it now!"

it'd be neat to see some stuff about precession, like with bikes how an engine spinning one way would induce wheelies and then spinning the other would reduce, but at the same time precession would also aid steering one way and hinder steering the other, and i guess aid leaning in one way and hinder leaning in the other?. seeing how that actually works in practice would be neat

This is a want to be moment, where engineering, physics, and maths are needed to solve a single project. Cool bro

Hi Joel! Amazing to see the collab you brought with this video!! Are you attending Open Sauce again this year? My idea for a video... Why don't you try to create a "magnet waterfall" so you can harvest the energy of many magnets passing through a coil? I think you can have them inside a hose, and you just need to have spacers and pump a liquid (by hand, probably) to get everything in motion

Guys it's just a Tesla coil. The secondary is formed out of plasma. Funny they're using a handheld Tesla coil to start it you need something with enough voltage to jump that dielectric potential of the glass

0:17 ,,Unique musical sound" I don't know what you are listening to, that thing is screaming in a thousand voices.

Remember the day when Integza would just make a random sponsor segment even if he didn't have one, classic those segments always made me laugh they are just gold!! I love where you have gone Integza you 100% brought Rockets into a DIY understanding for me and showed that it is not a unattainable source of power, it can be simple but also very very complex and various too almost seems like you build one and the next if build the same version it still may not run the same. " It just rocket(s) {science}" instead of "At least it's not as hard as rocket science" AI: is a famous quote from a science fiction movie. It means that something is not as difficult as it sounds.

I’ve been asking people online to make this device. I know it can work, but everyone says it’ll never make enough electricity. I say we just need to build more and I don’t have the resources to do it. Using Americium build a radioactive generator strong enough to light one LED, or to run one of the window, solar knickknacks that they sell. A waving flower, and dancing cat, etc. It has danger, aspects of craziness, and did I mention danger? When you are done with the experiment take all the Americium and put it inside a tomato. Let it sit and maybe the tomato will turn into something delicious like watermelon. Either way the tomato will suffer.

Great collaboration!

This is awesome! A video on generating power via gravity e.g. boulders on mountains, sea water into artificial empty spaces etc. would be cool!

New Topic* Thank you Joel, I have just discovered ur channel & love it! It's so refreshing to see such u enthusiastic about technology! I think a fascinating (& Challenging) topic is battery technology, we have come so far yet it seems the biggest drawback & challenge is power, Can we make batteries lighter, smaller and longer lasting? You may stumble across a solution that has the rest of the world blocked with advances in this technology and sometimes a simple solution can be found with enthusiastic developers like yourself! Keep up the great work, Thank you Joel! Regards Bob

As suggested below this is a form of ICD - Inductively coupled discharge. Out of interest these things are used as lights in the channel tunnel. They do not need replacing as there's no electrode to fail. My post doc work in plasma focused on these. ICD's are not the full story. Apart from the current in the coils contributing to an inductive discharge there is s secondary effect of the changing electric field between the coils themselves that can give rise to complex surface wave (like) propagation between the plasma (dielectric) and the vacuum. Depending on the plasma conductivity (and approximately the neutral gas pressure) this effect will also cause ionization. Inductive effects are very local -the electric fields effects are more far reaching and cause the torus to move around a lot. These things are fairly well understood -by about five people on the planet!

A cool experiment is using a stroboscopic light to slow down a vibrating sting, like the ones in a guitar. Or falling water droplets. You can even make them "go up".

I've never seen so many awesome creators in one video

Future Theme: Recreating Tesla's experiments, Plasma formations (Mars "valleys/mountains" etc), or Ball Lightning (that clip at 8:10 got me thinking about it)

IDEA: Instead of using compressed air in an engine (or explosions) like you have in the past, maybe you could consider using a vacuum cleaner to create a vacuum engine. There are tons of them designed in LEGO, but I'm pretty sure that a machined or 3D printed one would work as well as, if not WAY better than a LEGO one.

@PlasmaChannel Jay, this is what I sent a message about ICP (inductively coupled plasma) generation used in semiconductor manufacturing. Hook a plasma gas inlet and outlet to a reaction chamber and you have now created a "remote plasma source." These typically use 13.56MHz or 400kHz depending on the design.

I'm going to have to watch this again to fully grasp the concept

You should definitely do more collaborations with other tech/science youtubers, it's very fun to watch.

dude i love all of the creators taking rounds mesmerized by it. More!

My suggestion for a video theme is using some combination of high strength electromagnets and plasma from electrical arcing to generate a rudimentary "force field". I've seen a few papers on how it could be done, and it seems like it could be done relatively easily if you got a strong enough magnet and had any kind of plasma near it. The military versions use very strong magnets that only activate for a few milliseconds at most and are powered by capacitors rather than any kind of constant power supply. None that im aware of have been made but it sure would be cool. And perfect for a thumbnail, you pooking shocked and tossing a tomato into the magnetically confined plasma death shield.

0:19 "is resonates with the glass and makes this unique musical sound" The sound of rats fighting

I think it would be very cool if you made one of these that worked in open air, it definitely wouldn’t be safe and I’m not sure how doable it is, but it would be cool. Or, there was a comment on your previous video that mentioned a nitroglycerin powered thruster. That would also be very cool to see

I really enjoy your videos about jet engines. It would be cool to see you talk about scramjets

I really liked the video it was a great into to your channel, I plan on going back to watch some others from you now I always love finding a new science youtuber. A fun future video might be taking the orb of plasma trick he did in a vodka bottle and try to scale it up to plasma circling a room through a tube. Looked like he had some wires coiled around the bottle and a controller of some kind to move the current and plasma around. Think train around a room but plasma orb instead.

Pulling all my favorite youtubers into one video for this astonishing phenomenon makes me happy to be alive!

0:20 sounds like aliens tryna communicate with us

I think for the next video it would be great to see you explore the possibilities of anti gravity and rotating magnets for locking and lifting things, I predict great advances in relation to this approach for magnets in the furure. Thanks for your videos, they mean a lot to me

Since the contest is for a 3d printer, I suggest 3d printing an array of Fresnel lenses to make a sun-powered oven, crucible, death ray, reaction chamber, or whatever else needs lots of heat that can cheaply (after initial development investments) provide a heat source for projects.

I really want to see more work with plasma, either generating it, or manipulation like we see in this video. Very very cool.

Exciting video. You could make a new video about the ionic wind (lifter) propelling the small aircraft when put on its wings.

Suggestion for future video: make one strong enough to ionize air or work with a seed from a spark plug or that gun and test ramjet burn style with a flame retainer retaining the plasma in a toroidal vortex of air, possibly spark pulsing and releasing somewhat self-sustaining plasma rings out the exhaust. If you could get that excited ring to rotate from the inside to the outside to the inside like the vortexes made by the trash can vortex cannons, you'll get the stuff helios is using in their fusion pulse generator. Getting that outside to inside rotation to go faster would induce a greater internal magnetic field within the plasma that will hold it together and denser. If you can get that effect to be strong enough you could have a fusion air breathing engine or make something that looks similar to the star wars stun rings. (Which might be in lore, plasma rings: using both the contained current and thermal shock to stun people.)

So there is one thing I have always wondered when thinking about tesla coils. If you move a florescent or neon light near one, you can often get them to light up, as shown in this video. Would it be possible to draw a current off that light? Effectly using the light as a wire to transfer current? If so, it could lead into the very tech we all have always wanted, florescent and neon punk XD But seriously. Think about something that you plug into your phone's charger port (or is built right into the phone) that holds a small light. Step near a tesla coil, light flares up and wham! You are charging your phone. Ive never had the funding or space at the same time to explore any of my many, many ideas. But this one has keeps coming back with a vengence, so I need to post it somewhere.

Hey Integza, me and some of my friends are trying to create a long transmiting signal from two points with minimalist portable design for a special project of ours. We originally were hoping to use lasers but after debating whether they would work during the day and through dense undergrowth we atenpted to look for other possible solutions. If you could cover this in a video we would be extremely greatful 😁. PS we know very little about this and are dipping our toes in the field of engineering and science 😅

I'd probably have to recommend creating a vortex cannon that uses a pressure chamber, some sort of pop film to act as the valve rather than just hitting a box or something, and trying to get it to push over a tomato that falls to its doom.

12/24v Water jet turbine engine for small watercraft (12ft jonboat for example). I've built a few prototype models but id imagine you could cook up an awesome design. Id experimented with rear dual, front single assist, and a 5 jet system (2 rear 2 mid and 1 front). Use an Arduino for control of a stepper motor for a steering rudder.

Not sure how easy it would be to get materials, but how about a video on the different gasses and seeing how bright a light you could make using them sort of like making a light bulb. The plasma loop reminded me of the arc reactor in iron man, thanks for the videos

7:20 "Oscillating a current" 😂

Make a thermo acoustic generator. I've seen it here and there but a man who can make tomatocide fun to watch is worth the topic.

You can build the opposite side of the field by adding a coil to the top and connecting into circuit. It will stabilize the ring..

It goes up because the AC wires excites the gas inside the glass that emits light and heat ... and heat gas has a tendency to move upwards and then it dissipates cold downwards thats why it giggles..the gas is getting cold and then gets close to the wires below and lights up the "ring" again heating it again making it going up and then cold heavy bringing it down close to the wires...over and over

I would love to see him build a plasma arc furnace. It would be a nice way of combining his newfound interest in plasma with the potential utility of being able to cast future projects in solid steel

Zerg casually created BALL LIGHTNING inside an empty vodka bottle.

It would be interesting to see if that would assist in plasma control for future space travel. Plasma drives might be an interesting concept

Video idea: You should make the same type of documentary video about Leonardo Da Vinci that you did about Nikola Tesla. You could 3d print and build his inventions.

Theme for next video: Make a tesla coil yourself and then describe to us with demonstration how we can use it in our daily life Like using it as a lamp or something Using it to charge your phone Etc ...

Absolutely love this, the display is beautiful and captivating. Have you ever experimented with Peltier generators (TEG) and tried to combine with another one of your experiments to try to make the power more sustainable? Would love to see an experiment using some kind of Thermoelectric generator!!

At 5:59 a beam appeared when you touched the tip of the bulb. Fascinating!

“Tony Stark was able to build this in a cave! With a box of scraps!"

I want a 3D printer but I don’t have enough money to buy the wrong one and then buy another and another. A great episode you could make would be telling us what you have, what’s good and what’s bad, what you’d do again, what you wouldn’t do again, etc. maybe talk about materials and pluses and minuses. That could be a couple episodes when you’re short on ideas or when you’re in the middle or something else that isn’t done yet.

Could you please make another video showing us each step on how to build one of these? We would all love to know!!

Have you tried using a bulb with different gases? What colors would you get from other gases like neon, helium and argon?

Here is a video idea. Use a plasma ring as a primary in a tesla coil style transformer. Two possible ways to do this are 1. use a glass or plastic coil tube with an conductive gas in it. Then arc the current through it. 2. The second way is to have evenly spaced electrode guides for the electrical arc. The conductive electrodes will form a coil pattern for the electric arc to follow. The coil rings will be seperated by an insulator to prevent the current from just arcing from one ring to the next.

keep up the great videos, it a metallic conductor was placed inside the vessel would the plasma attach itself to the object?

Looks like you've found the 'Lord of the Rings' in the world of plasma science!

Good on you for getting them all to comment! The world needs more hard working people who care

Anything Tesla related needs to be taught to the public. They wrote him out of our educational system in America, we need to keep bringing him back to the public that he helped technologically advance.

Great video's ! always watching to learn something new from all these amazing engineering channels. I'm wondering if it's possible to make a long glass tube between a Jacob's Ladder and make rising plasma donuts.

you forgot to tell them that this will knock out your TV and electrical appliances

7:19 "Go ahead. Make the joke, see what happens. Does this LOOK like the face of a man who will show you mercy?"

Fun Fact: This is the noise they used to make the "scream" for Ramiel the Angel in the Anime "Evangelion"

Idea: Set this up at each end of a tube and make the rings collide, like in that one Smarter Every Day smoke ring video.

now all we need is some kind of feedback-loop to keep that field balanced and a magnatron to dump more power into it

Awesome! Time for a transparent plasma gasifier!