First! Okay, well also be sure to get a discount on a 2-year plan with NordVPN (plus an extra month free) by going to nordvpn.com/khanubis and/or using the code "khanubis" at checkout
But they even made a map where Japan was part of North America and not on Asian side and that's really weird. And could you imagine if Japan is actually a North American country rather than an Asian country? 🤔
Funfact: "Island of California" before California was Scandinavia which was considered an island of Mare Suebicum by the ancient Romans. But today we know that this Scandia/Scandza is a peninsula and not an island.
@@sakkosstuff1514 By the way, Finland does not belong to Scandinavia because our land is located on the other side of the Baltic Sea. Scandinavia is a peninsula that includes only Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The area where Finland belongs is Fennoscandia. This area also includes the Kola Peninsula and Karelia and the isthmuses of Dvina, Olonets and Karelia separates it from Eurasia. In the Ancient time and the Byzantine and Medieval eras, however, it was really believed that Scandinavia was islands of Scythian Sea and not a peninsula (For example; the Map of the Scandiae islands by Nicolaus Germanus in 1467). And the area you are referring to is called the Nordic countries, it includes Iceland which does not include Scandinavia and Fennoscandia. And to make this no more confusing, then there is the Baltoscandian Confederation founded by Sweden, which includes not only the Nordic countries but also the Baltic countries. And Baltic countries are are candidates for the Nordic Union and Nordic Council on Finland's recommendation since Estonia became independent. And then there is the Fenno-Baltic cultural area formed by Finland, Karelia and the Baltic countries.
@@danielmalinen6337 Codanonia (not California) is a nickname/synonym for Scandinavia (The Latin name for The Kattegat Strait is Sinus Codanus). Also I don't believe people ever thought it was an Island, at least not widespread. It's well documented that the Scandinavian people had established sea trading routes to the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean (Corsica, Sardinia and Egypt to list a few) all the way back to the 12th century bc (prier to the Bronze Age collapse.) So sea routes would quite literally have been old news to the Romans and Byzantines, so I find it hard to imagine that the knowledge of Fennoscandia being a Peninsula wouldn't have been passed on as well. I think the confusion you are talking about comes more from the name Scandinavia it self. The name comes from the Swedish region of Skåne (or Skáney in Old Norse). One theory for the name suggests that it's a reference to the Norse Goddess Skaði likely meaning Shadow (since she is a Hunter). Another theory believes it comes from the Germanic words scandza, meaning dangerous, and awjō, meaning on top of water. So it makes more sense me that a cartographer, with a good grasp on Germanic naming conventions, would read the name, translate it to something like Dangerous Island, and draw in an Island on his map.
I'm from Baja California. We were taught that the spanish believed this land was ruled by a tribe of female warriors, like the Amazonians. Calafia was the name of their queen
De hecho creo que el nombre fue acuñado por un enemigo de cortes después del fracaso de poner una colonia aquí (la paz), y el señor se refirió a esta tierra como California haciendo alusión a lo fantaseoso de poner una colonia aquí
When I was a kid I had a copy of the map of New Zealand as charted by Captain Cook; complete with a peninsula masquerading as an island and and island masquerading as a peninsula.
Wait a minute, you from New Zealand. One of the most famous map mistakes. Why modern maps usually don't include this fake landmass. I mean come on. What people would name their air force after a flightless bird ....
I live in Christchurch and I remember like 5 years ago there was a guy by the cathedral dressed up as captain cook giving out these maps of what they used to think nz looked like.
There actually was once a lake or sea inhabiting the centre of Australia. Geology shows this. But this was several million years before european colonisation.
@@carlosandleon That depends on what definition for continent you use. As far as I am aware, tectonic plates are scientifically considered continents, even though that would put most of the (about 60) continents st the bottom of the oceans.
@@carlosandleon but from which countries are we taking the continents from as different countries classify different places as different continents like alot of South American countries say they are in America and don't use North amd South. As well what about Europe, Asia and Africa some countries merge them to gether to form either Eurasia or Afro-eurasia as one big continent as they aren't sperated by ocean
There was once thought to be a mountain chain across the middle of Africa from west to east. This mountain chain doesn’t exist. Also, the Niger River, which begins in Guinea and flows northeast for half its length before suddenly turning southeast and coming to the Atlantic Ocean in Nigeria, was once thought by Europeans to be two different rivers. The northeast flowing river was thought to be the source of the Nile, since it was flowing more or less toward Egypt. Once an expedition was launched to find the mouth of that river, and it was begun at the mouth of what was thought to be a different river in Nigeria. Strangely enough, the expedition was begun at the place it was trying to find. That is like if people thought that the Mississippi River in Minnesota and the Mississippi in Louisiana were different rivers, so they mounted an expedition to find where the Mississippi went after Minnesota, and they started this expedition in New Orleans.
The California bit reminded me of that episode of The Simpsons where Lisa imagines some horrible future in which she and a bunch of others are banished to "Monster Island" and someone reassures her, "don't worry, it's just a name." The next shot shows her and the others running away from horrible fire breathing beasts and she yells out, "I thought they said it was just a name!" To which one of the other castaways replies, "They meant that it's actually a peninsula!"
Fun fact about the California Thing! Cortés, although the conqueror and destroyer of the Mexicah (aztec) empire, he was never appointed as governor of any continental territories in México. When the Spanish Crown declared the territory as the vice royalty of New Spain, they installed Antonio de Mendoza as viceroy. The curious thing is that to define the territory that Mendoza would rule over, they simple established it as all regions connected by land to the mainland. For this reason, and because Cortés hated Mendoza's guts, he set out to find any possible landmasses that were _disconnected_ from the mainland, and thus when news of a new land arrived, he quickly claimed it and founded a port (modern day La Paz). Afterwards of course it was found out to be a peninsula and explored by Ulloa, Rodríguez Cabrillo and Sebastián de Vizcaíno.
Ah that might explain the rather porn-esque fantasy of an island filled with only women and gold. The gold fantasy was probably Cortez's and the women only Island was possibly the creation of sex starved conquistadors.
@@gazpachopolice7211 That was based on the novel "Las Sergas de Esplandián" which talked about the mythical island of your description, named California in the book and with queen Calafia as its ruler. The explorers and sailors expected to find something akin to it, and were later disappointed, but the name stuck.
3:37 Whenever I hear stories about some "amazony" tribes that not only supress men, but forego them altogether I always think: How do they _exist_ ? They can't just will their (obviously necessary) daughters into existence, can they?
Every time i hear those kind of stories i always think "but they need at least 1 man or they'll never make it to the next generation" You know it would be funny that those tribes actually existed but went extinct for that stupid reason lol
While in this case yes the California they visited is a peninsula, it is known that the western side of the SanAndreas fault is part of a Island the tectonically was pushed into the a sub-ducted land mass that created the Rocky Mountains. So the concept of California being an island is not incorrect. The pacific plate has also pushed the Juan DeFuco plate and is causing it to subduct under the cascading subduction zone.
@@wazzup233 lol its like a 1700s map, you sure we are talking about the same 1? Its like it showed Baja california as an island instead of it being connected by where Mexicali is now
@Psychonaut00 Well that's really confusing though. But those Spanish explorers had a wet dream before that if Japan was on North American side instead in Asia then they'll colonize that island nation in a breeze. But nah, it's just a pipedream. 🤪
Actually the myth of Kumari Kandam is based on Lemuria, not the other way round . Of course there is a more ancient legend of a lost Island(maybe the same origin as Atlantis?) but the details of Kumari Kandam were retrofitted later
There's also a book series called Destroyermen that features Lemurians, it takes place on an alternate Earth. Basically named after a Race that evolved there, and named by someone who thought they looked like lemurs (they basically were evolved lemurs)
I saw a globe in the Rjiksmuseum in Amsterdam from the 16th Century showing California as an Island and also saw a Chinese map from around the same time showing the same thing. I presume that was because the Chinese were trading with the Dutch at the time and got the info from the Dutch. I always wondered where the idea of California as an island so thanks for answering that question.
Also, in a class of Latin American History an spanish empire especialist told us that spanish explorerz also tought that Rio de la Plata and Paraná River lead straight to Malacca Islands. But I never saw any sources about it in Brazil.
Okay so about the 3 Californias. Back before Mexico gained their independence from Spain, one of the Provinces of New Spain was Las Californias. Mexico then revolted, won, and Las Californias became an Intendancy of the Mexican Empire. When the Empire was restructured into a Federal Republic in 1824, Las Californias was split into Alta California and Baja California which is still basically the border we have today. Alta California was ceded from the United Mexican States to the United States of America, where it was split up into multiple territories, one of which became the State of California. The territory of Baja California was kept by Mexico, and later the southern half got split off giving us Baja California (which became a state soon after the split) and Baja California Sur (which became a state later).
I recently got a really good book called the "Phantom Atlas" that discusses many cartographical mistakes. I highly recommend it. Edit: So I watched the rest of the video and Khanubis also recommended it, he's right, it's a great book!
@@waynemarvin5661 well, I was in the middle of an online lesson and I saw it recommended. I clicked on it as this sort of topic interests me greatly, I knew I was going to watch it later but just leave it open on another tab for now, but I wanted to make this comment to recommend the Phantom Atlas because I think it is a wonderfully written book with extraordinarily interesting subjects and discussions. Sometimes I forget to leave comments so I ddi it early before I forgot so that anyone else who found the video interesting could learn about this book if they wanted to learn further. Be careful about calling people dumb before you know the context fully, that could backfire on you seriously some day.
I as a sudcalifornian (someone from the mexican state of Baja California Sur) It always gets on my nerves when foregneirs (specially Americans) talk about the origin of California and often forget that the first time California appeared on a map was to name the southern tip of the peninsula and also forget how the expanding United States stole the name, that due to historic legacy belongs to the peninsula, and now that place they called California overshadowed the original California. We're left with a unnecessarily long name with two synonymous words of south. Also, it is sad to see when people just call the peninsula 'baja', and lose their connection to California and feeling always inferior to the north. Some good names that could replace the current one could be: Mexican California, Old California or Sudcalifornia Fun fact: there once was an english expedition that presumably arrived on what is now the american state of California and named the place New Albion, so, if they had settled, New Albion would have been the name of the state of our world american California .
The thing about "the island of California" is actually exist, it's Sumatra. Land rich of resource, tamed beast (like sumatran tiger, now already extinct), and female are the one who carry family name (the minang people of west sumatra) Well at least i think, because the land of spice Indian were actually indonesia and india, and the spain confused it with america at that time. But who knows, I'm just being stupid here
Re: Australia's Inland Sea. Technically, we do actually have an inland sea. It's called Lake Eyre (pronounced air, not eerie as a lot of Americans mispronounce it). Lake Eyre is a massive salt lake system that sits below sea level, it fills every so often after massive rain events and can remain filled or partially for many years, some times as long as a decade.
Those 4 tiny islands in between California and the USA were definitely the inspiration behind the 4 islands found in the map of The Legend of Zelda - Breath of the wild 2
I always noticed I like video games and RU-vid videos of people playing games with friends but I struggle to keep watching, stuff like this keeps my attention these videos could be 10 hours and I would spend the whole day watching this vidoe
Atlantis, El Dorado and Lemuria are all very much not examples of cartography mistakes. Atlantis was made up by Plato for a book and no one actually believed it existed until the 19th century, El Dorado was basically just a game of telephone and wishful thinking by Conquistadors and Lemuria was a proposed ancient sunken continent that existed to explain why Lemurs (and lemur fossils) were found in India, Madagascar and Australia before we knew about plate tectonics. You could maybe argue that El Dorado was a mistake because some maps did include it but it wasn't due to errors in ground surveying as at the time no one had actually visited it so they just thought it was probably somewhere deep in the jungle. The other two however just have no relation whatsoever to cartography, Atlantis being fiction and Lemuria only being proposed because we didn't know about plate tectonics yet but did know that landmasses could rise and fall (as Doggerland was known about at this point). EDIT: You did at least address Lemuria but I would still contest it's inclusion here.
I think that's similar to El Dorado, as it was originally an indigenous South American legend, and then the European people tried to find the place the legend described.
For some years, portuguese navigators thought Brazil was a very thin island, the territory was named Vera Cruz Island in early colonization documents, like Pero Vaz de Camina's Letter, first written document in Brazil.
Atlantis was based on a city on an island, it may have been charted wrong but everybody around the world said they went to it at some point in that time, so the likelihood that it doesn’t exist is slim, although it might be a different spot altogether it still existed never the less
