@@RichMitch JUST Wondered PLZ WHY❔..❔ Do SMART Modern People In TURKEY Are #REALLlY LIKE❣️ TO LEARN About ANCIENT Oral STORIES OF CYMBRA &SAXON An Thier Historical Texts BEING..is so 🆒🅰️_MON🇯🇲
Younger people arent interested in word etymology. Otherwise the Lecturer would'nt have found the need to clarify what Dyke means. Ditch ON diki influenced by middle dutch. A watercourse, low embankment, etc.
King Arthur was probably never a king. If he existed at all he was a sub Roman British warlord not Welsh but located in the west British lowlands and died long before what would be wales was separated by the Saxon conquest of Cirencester from dumnonia.so British not welsh as wales didn't exist anymore than england at this time and he was probably dead around 500AD about 70years before the battle of Cirencester 577AD. Early welsh tradition didn't seem to like him a lot and apparently the Church in wales didn't either as he's portrayed as hostile to the saints. Later welsh sources are very dubious . unless some new material appears ie in the archaeological record to support him we are on very shakey ground saying much more. I doubt the Welsh genealogies mean much. No where is he explicitly mentioned and similar even the same name without context mean nothing and the sources are both to late and suspect. I'm very dubious about all the king Arthur lived just down the road material which happens from Strathclyde to Yorkshire and Cornwall most of these arguments are driven by local romantics who believe studying very debased late sources validate their preconceptions of who they would like a possible Arthur to have been rather than who he was . we just don't know for sure. I like Arthur and he lived in my county is not a valid argument and thats about all we can really state for now.T
A historian by the name of Alan Jones after a 25 year study into the Arthurian legend pinpointed two king Arthurs both kings of the same bloodline in South Wales, one of which fought the Romans the other one fought the Saxons this would explain why King Arthur was said to have done so but couldn’t of because of the 200 year gap. British history is very Anglo centric so you have to take everything with a pinch of salt.
No that was the work of Alan Wilson and his parter and was just summarised by the rest. Wilson did the vast majority of the research and found two arthurs. Both King's of gwent.
ALAN WILSON is the BEST man with the TRUE version of BRITISH HISTORY , no doubt about it . ARTHUR 2nd was KING of GLAMORGAN and GWENT , a well known fact in WELSH books and WELSH history .
A few tentative but disappointing steps forward into the contribution of Welsh history to our island story. As tax payers the Welsh nation deserves far better value than what the current historians seem able to achieve. The truth is they have barely tried at all. How can we hope to hold the nations of this island together unless we respect all our histories and blend them into our island story. This is not a trivial matter. Our rights and freedoms in law are ancient and stem from our common heritage. I do hope that over time real Welsh history will emerge to be taught again in Welsh schools at least. Heddwch. (btw.. Arthur was not killed at Camlan, he was badly wounded.)
Ok. It looks like the failure of the British to build their population, develop economically, and organize effectively at the outset of the fifth century was decisive in their falling to the barbarians as did the Gauls, Spaniards, Italians, and North Africans.
King Arthur was Welsh. He was the King of Glamorgan and Gwent. Alan Wilson and Baram Blackett documented and wrote many books on this subject. Artorius Rex is an informative book for anyone looking for history on King Arthur 🤴 🗡
Actually there is evidence of authority being king of gwent and glamorgan, you will find his name in church records and many stones in brittaim written in ancient coelbren state Arthur bring a real person, the reason historians will not recognise this is because they follow the same old rule and will not strsy from that, we know the brittons were a powerful race of people not living in mud and crawling out of holes like hobbies, and those same records many historians use but refuse to see what is actually written,, Arthur fought the saxons at badon...in maesteg there is a place called mynydd badon and you can go there and see the ditches and ramparts which are still there...there are tons of evidence about Arthur and the brittons but people refuse to see it, if you make somebody a myth or legend you get rid of them and people end up thinking it a dairy tale...tell me why not one artifact of the brittons gas not been found we know they existed why is everything roman saxons or Norman, its total bullshit brittans history has been hidden in plain sight, and its all there in church records for all to see and now even those records have been hidden, try getting one from the brittish archives tell them your researching Arthur....they will not give them to you and the national library of wales will not let you read certain books written in the 600s....
They were Norse followers. The hoard has a very specific function after death. Everything you hoard will be available to you in the afterlife. People forget the angli saxons were pagan Norse followers almost identical to viking beliefs. Woden=Oden ect. They buried all that stuff to have it In the great hall of Valhalla. Though in not sure it the pagan Anglo-saxons called it that but it had the same function
We do not know if there was a Valhöll in the anglo-saxon mindset or beliefs. However, with the continental saxons we do have information they believed in a heavenly field, not the christian one, but a heavenly location similar to the Folkvangr of Freyja.
Staffordshire hoard was collected from the dead on a battle field. Early Saxon one edged swords and British double edged swords. British force was commonly followed by a bishop or two. Note pagan damage to the cross. Dated mid sixth century.
Atbret Judeu - a ransom paid by Oswy to Penda which was divided by Penda between the British Kings who went with him to the city of Judeu (St Davids ? A British Christian Church ? Wall by Lichfield ?) There was a battle during this event in which only the king of Gwynedd survived (Cadafael) by decamping in the middle of the night before the battle with his war band. The similar style throughout, of the garnet and gold cloisonee work, both arms and Christian crosses suggest the atbret was the military uniform of one kingdom, a Christian British kingdom, who perhaps wore scarlet cloaks and helmet crests, descended from a Roman military tradition such as was the family of Arthur and Aurelius Ambrosius.. The cloisonee technique with underlay of reflective foil was used by the Merovingians, Goths and Visigoths of central Europe in the 5th century. Prob not made in Britain.
37:27 The accounts of the battle of Hastings by Gaimar and Wace describe Alan Rufus’s prowess in nearly Arthurian terms. The Bayeux Tapestry depicts Alan Rufus and his Breton cavalry overrunning the forces of Earls Leofwine and Gyrth. Stephen Morillo considered that the death of the Earls was the turning-point of the battle, after which Harold lacked an intact chain of command and therefore was confined to a defensive position.
The real King Arthurs, both of them are extremely well recorded. The reason so called experts can't find them is because they don't want to. Weird how people fall for Arthur being English, when he fought those that would become English. House of Bran are all too regularly avoided. People who know Welsh history know exactly why! Btw, Ogham is actually Coelbren. English person saying Welsh history is unreliable! Well, what a surprise! They place Arthur at Tintagel becuase Cornwall now belongs to England, which they feel gives them the right to pass Arthur off as English.
It is because they have a lot of lies to cover. Just look at the name of Kingdom how is originally written and how they changed the name completely. Mirsna ( Old Aryan letters were combo of chyrics and latinics and they have been "reformed" many times since to create more confusion) vs Mercia. Whole history needs new investigation and volults of stolen goods in Vatican and museums need to be open to public for reasearch.
Taffy Ducks Cornwall will never belong to England despite people like you claiming otherwise, I suggest you inform yourself re: Cornish history, before making sweeping generalisations. On that logic you might just as easily claim that Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire belong to England.
@gnosticnihilist I believe Welsh more than any official English source.Real name of Marilyn was Mirddin ( or Mirdan "Peaceful day") he was a true prophet before, forced christianisation and colonisation took place ! ?
@gnosticnihilist If one scientist makes claim, there will be two who disagre. So let's not pretend there is superiority of so called scientific knowledge in relation to the whole truth.
Some heresies about Arthurian Legend for you. a. There is no mention of the Arthur story before Monmouth and Oxford in 1135. Gildas, Bede and others do not mention King Arthur, let alone the rest of the legend. b. The great hero of Arthurian Legend is Joseph(us) of Arimathaea, who is said to have been a knight working for Commander (Emperor) Vespasian. c. Several of the manuscripts (especially in the Vulgate Cycle), say that Arthurian Legend was written by Josephus Flavius in the 1st century. Troubling, eh? The answer to all this can be seen in that Arthurian Legend only appears with Monmouth and Oxford, after Crusaders and Templars arrived back in Europe from the Crusades. And note that the First Crusade went to Antioch-Edessa, Beyond the Euphrates, before it went to Jerusalem. What is the connection here? The Answer is that the Crusaders knew there were gospel secrets in Edessa, that had remained hidden behind the velvet veil of the Council of Chalcedon and the iron curtain of lslam, ever since the 5th and 8th centuries. That is why Eschenbach’s Parsival starts its Arthur story in Mesopotamia under King Barus (King Agbarus, the 1st century of Edessa). That is why High History says that Perceval was the nephew of the gospels’ Nicodemus. That is why Perceval’s father owned the donkey that had belonged to the gospel Nicodemus. All very troubling, eh? The answer is that Arthurian Legend is actually a secular gospel, about the historical Jesus as a real, secular, 1st century king of Edessa. But it was dressed up as a 5th or 6th century story of Britain, to evade Church censors (and Church funerary pyres). In reality the Galles (the Welsh) refers to the Eunuch Galli priests of Galilee and Syria. Which is why Jesus asked for his disciples to become eunuchs in Math 19:12. That is why Simon was called Peter-Kephas, the stone, because the Holy Grail of Arthurian legend was a sacred stone - the sacred omphalos-elagabal stone of the Galli priests of Syria. The stone that Scottish Templars claim they still possess x the Stone if Scone. There is much more to this story than meets the eye. See the book ‘The Grail Cypher’ Ralph Ellis
Hmm..I live in Carmarthenshire - the county town Carmarthen = Caerfyrddin which is Caer (fort) Myrddin (Merlin). So Arthur might be some Briton chieftain. The most 'troubling' aspect (for the Pope) of what the Crusaders picked up from the Middle East was the 'Aryan' heresy.
Arthur was mentioned in the Welsh Annals twice and also by Nennius. It is probable that his exploits were conflated with those of his Uncle Aurelius Ambrosius and his father Uther Pendragon. They came to rule Briton from Brittany after the slaughter of Salisbury Plain and defeated the Saxons and Vortigern at Hereford and ruled for about a hundred years between them. Written out of history by the Saxon Roman Catholic monks because they were Orthodox British Church but remembered by the people and by the Bards.
@@elizabethsmith4556 I lean towards this story. Having read Mary Stewart's trilogy 45 yrs ago. The Crystal Cave The Hollow Hills, The Last Enchantment. The author drew on many sources but not mediaeval such as Mallory etc.
❤itranslated to ancient hebrew and its an eyeopener.especially who was here before.welsh is similar to hebrew.i got 'marching gents.' languages changed.
One place to look for Arthur is Dyfed. In the genealogies, there is a character called Dyfenwallon, whose father was Arten ap Sysell. His great granddaughter married into the line of Gwynedd - marrying Rohdi.
The gal anxious to answer, with The Same Answer as the previous student really bothered me. Professor was kind to let her keep talking. Honestly he had more patience than I did listening to her.
Is Penda a pendragon? The serpent and the dragon. Wonder if this evolves in to what would subdue "The land of the plumed serpent" moving the new world with european undesirables.
The pendragon or Draco, is in reference to now new information of Roman army regiments remaining in Britain with the traditions and heritage being inherited roles and functions for family's instead of public voluntary positions. The draco standard and the pendragon is in mentions of the late Roman army standard being the sign or banner of the commander or Roman army. And thus the pendragon or Constantine III being the father or Uther and Ambrosius Aurelianus. Having his men and his military force carry the draco and inflict multiple defeats upon the Saxons and British rebels allying with the Saxons earned him the name. The pendragon or Riothamus- leader or great king instead of a name is simply the positional role. Of the person.
Penda isn't. Penda in Welsh means terrible. Or the terrible like the vlad the "impaler" So it's more Uther or Ambrosius or Constantine pendragon! The terrible dragon- in line with mentions of signalling his arrival I.e sighting on the standard which is at that point legendary and infamous to any who feared it. Etc. The role and function of also the draco is the noise. The draco standards make 2 houses with 1 the wind sock making a hissing sound and with internal wind whistles making a wooing scary noise that can be heard for 200 yards in any direction with other noises also being made. On a quiet day or with no noise you can hear it approaching from a mile away. And a late Roman or sub-roman army of the Britons carried the. For infantry and cavalry. And cavalry was something the Saxons never utilised. Only used as transport to and fro combat as they never used cavalry in their original countries. The cavalry role which was retained and perfected by the British was due to the majority of cavalry regiments leftover from the late Roman army after the magistrates of 410 were evicted. Many of the military legionary forces remained along with the 280k "local" limitanaeii garrison troops.
Penda was of Vandal ancestry, like all the early mercian kings. Welsh, english and probabaly irish history shows a massive army coming into britain via ireland from north africa in the 6th century. For some reason this has fallen out of favour, even though 166,000 AFRICANS are said to have devasted britain, and came via invitation of the saxons. If this is true, then the most powerful kingdom in early england derives from the vandals.😳
Many don't notice it, but Gildas probably mentioned Arthur. And the two hints to it are explained in the video without taking them together: 'Arth' means 'bear' and Aurelius Caninus held the 'Bears' Stronghold'.
Did King Offa make his gold dinar because he was influenced himself by Muslim religion, or were that coins only for diplomatic purposes or international commerce? They're very similar to Abbasid Caliphate's ones. Guess if they were internal currency in the Kingdom of Mercia.
The name 'Damnonia' could refer to ancestry from Strathclyde (Alt Clut) which are in the region of the tribe labelled as 'Damnonii' opposed to the 'Dumnonii' of modern Cornwall and Devon. It could link to the theory of the Gwyr a Gogledd 'Men of the North' coming down from above Hadrian's Wall to relieve the Welsh from the Irish raiders, and a Damnonian (Strathclydian) ancestor could potentially suit this, if it not the the theory Professor David suggests.
My take on the Staffordshire hoard is as speculative as any but does make sense I think. Its almost certainly battlefield booty. The craftsmanship is Anglian and contemporary to Sutton Hoo, so its about the same period. It would obviously be a Christian king hence the crosses, which were not treated with respect post mortem. One battle fits this period and the broader geographical location. This was Maserfelth. Oswald, the Christian King of Northumbria, was defeated and killed by Penda, the pagan King of Mercia and its identified as being at Oswestry. The hoard though, was discovered near Tamworth, the ancient capital of the kingdom of Mercia. I could say more but I think that's enough for people to consider.
The cistercian monks moved to staffordshire in 1214. I wonder if that gold etc was buried by monks or by welsh who would raid in that area. My ancestry is thru hugh de Whelok during henry ll reign. What's now called Chester was whelock. That was right after william the conqueror. Anyway everything was under control of the Normans but they still were dealing with the welsh problem. Henry ll also had become ruler of ireland but I'm not sure about wales. In any event Chester was a crossroads between wales, ireland and anglo saxons. Staffordshire is bordered by 7 different counties so it's perfect for burying treasure from that era. Roads lead in every direction. I would guess that hoard has some connection with the french normans.
Am I right in thinking that a hoard is different to grave goods and that the former is a deliberate placing or storing of goods, rather than being buried as a funerary ritual.
Given that it's off of what looks like the type of stuff you'd loot from a battlefield, is it possible that it was battle loot that a victorious army planned to grab on the way back... and didn't make it?
Uther and Arthur are Breton names attested in 9th century legal documents. Alan Rufus visited Monmouth around the time a fellow Breton founded the priory. Geoffrey of Monmouth based the names of King Arthur’s family on Alan Rufus’s: Uther Pendragon = Eudon Penteur, Igraine = Orguen, Hoel = Hoel, Guanhara (Guinevere) = Gunhildr of Wessex. Ambrosius Aurelianus’s alleged death by poisoning is like that of Alan’s paternal uncle Alan III, Duke of Brittany (and guardian of Duke William) when besieging the rebel Roger I of Montgomery. Pendragon? On the Bayeux Tapestry, a Breton ship is depicted with a dragon’s head on the prow and a gryphon’s on the stern. Below the prow are two white shields, representing the brothers Alan Rufus and Brian of Brittany.
@@mrdarren1045 I wouldn’t be so sure of your assertion the true nature of Cornwall’s status remains ambiguous in law. “The whole territorial interest and dominion of the Crown in and over the entirety of Cornwall is vested in the Duke of Cornwall”, confirming that Cornwall has a separate Head of State from the remainder of the UK. This was upheld in the High Court in 1855, during the Duchy v Crown Foreshore dispute, and again as recently as 2011. “Although Cornwall is de facto administered by England, a formal de jure joinder of Cornwall and England has never taken place.” (G.D Flather, Queen’s Counsel attached to the Boundary Commission 1988).
I think he was referring to the structure, i.e the fortifications that we see, as being a later English construction, not that he necessarily meant that the place geographically wasn't Cornish. That we have little evidence of what, if anything, was there in the 5-6th cen. That may simply have been destroyed by later construction, or there may never have been anything much. It is very hard to say anything really on an absence of evidence.
@@krisfenner4922 ha ha - thanks - words can be misleading. I learned with interest this week that the term 'inflammable' does not in fact mean that something is not flammable. The word does not follow the same negative rule as other words prefixed 'in', such as inaudible, insatiable, indiscreet, etc. I also burnt my arse cheeks quite badly.
32:00 The medieval ‘King’ Arthur is a composite literary figure inspired by real-life military commanders from Riothamus, through Alan Rufus to Arthur de Richemont, all of whom were (really or allegedly) members of the same, very influential, family. How influential? Monarchs, aristocrats and certain public institutions that can trace their genealogy or history to that family use ermine in their ceremonial gowns and coats of arms in honour of it.
The Staffordshire Hoard does not bode well for eminent Anglo-Saxon Personages. It appears their favorite garnet inlaid sword fittings were ripped from their scabbards and thrown together by whom but the Vikings? For whatever reason, including perhaps that they had ruined the trade value of the goods by deforming them, they stashed their loot for later and then went away to die.
Maybe it was a case of "After we loot the Anglo-Saxons we all bring all our loot together and divide it equally." But Olaf thought he was a clever guy and buried most of his loot. His buddies thought he was cheating when he showed up with next to nothing. End of Olaf. :)
For thirty years I lived in between Caerleon & Abergavenny . When I discovered the Penguin classic ' Gerald of Wales ' , I realised as I sat reading it one day , that I was on the very road ( old Roman road from Caerleon to Abergavenny ) that I was reading about .
Mad innit? Lots of interesting history around this way. If you go to Caerwent you will know there are two of only three mentions of a deity Ocelus, who was perhaps a Siluran or British deity linked with or comparable to the Roman Mars. That's so crazy to me.
@@TheAlmightyAss not to mention the sas officer murdered on the top of Pen Y Fan with the Insulin injection to the arm-pit. He was one of the ' Clinics ' victims according to Raif Fiennes.
The names of the kings of Mercia are transcribed in an illiterate manner e.g. OFFA : offer and what the speaker writes on his blackeboard is not leggible. So please control and correct the transcription of all proper names of our anglo saxon ancestors.
Totally disagree. I really enjoy his lectures. He makes the material really easy to understand and absorb and I find his style very calming. Each to his own I guess. If I want charisma I'll watch a show not a lecture.
It’s extraordinary to think that when humankind makes first contact with Extraterrestrials, the first thing we’d show them is a photo of Prince Charles.
The enemy extra terrestial is confined to the vicinity of the Earth since 1914. He and his rebel creatures were vanquished and thrown out. The Consequence of universal rebellion, has become global war and crisis. He and all who take after him will remain for a short time. Revelation 12:7-12. Daniel 2:44
What does Anglo Saxon mean I mean your either English Anglo or your not are they immigrants because queen boudica the Celtic warrior was the original Briton
Raleighburner15 Hynes: it means either someone speaking Old English, or a subject of a ruler whose officials write in OE. This definition is why all Catholics are Latins. 😉 My theory is that the early medieval aristocracy learnt OE from AS mothers (eg the legendary Rowena) or AS nursemaids. It’s important to bear in mind that in the existing historic documents, broadly speaking, Wessex was allied with Brittany, Mercia with Wales, and Northumbria with Cumbria and Ireland. In some cases, we know why these alliances were made: for example, the Irish brought Celtic Christianity to Northumbria. In the other cases, I suspect the underlying reason is a sense of a deep, common ethnic identity that transcends linguistic differences.
@@rhysthomas623 the cultural link is strong between the English and northern Germans, but I think you would find the same between the South Koreans and Americans. But that doesn't mean there has been a massive influx of population. When the Italians buggered off in 410 we were left trading across the North Sea. Bound to pick up the lingo. And, why is there no genetic difference east to west across Britain? The Britons the Roman's found are still here, prodding computer screens. A few foreigners have joined us, but we're 80-90% the same people.
Boudicca fought against the Romans. The Germanic peoples (Angles, Saxons etc.) did not arrive in England until after the Romans left. Thus she was a Briton from one of the Celtic tribes
I always thought king Arthur was adapted from Alfred the great. Were these battles arranged in those days? Or did they all merely commence whenever the Anglo-Saxons encountered the Brits and vice versa?
It would be courteous and less Imperialistic, to refer to the land of Cymru by the name the people gave it and not by the name the invading Angles called it. It's name is Cymru, not Wales. Thank you.
People sometimes forget that Merseyside has a great affinity to the land of song and great footballers...my son had the good fortune to meet Mark Hughes and Michael Owen...I also remember Mark Hughes almost single handedly destroyed us ( Tranmere Rovers ) when he played for Blackburn rovers at the end of his playing career..so kudos Cymru...interesting that Clwyd equates to Clyde..and Aber pops up in Cymru and Alba...
It would be courteous and less Imperialistic, to refer to the land of the Roman Empire by the name the people gave it and not by the name the invading Turks called it. It's name is the Roman Empire, not Turkey. But you'd suck a Turk's dick before ever daring to say that, wouldn't you?
