We may not speak Latin anymore, but that doesn't mean we don't know how it's pronounced. This video covers consonants, which are mostly the same as our English ones, with just a few exceptions.
Je sais parler en français mieux qu’en espagnol mais je comprends quand meme l’espagnol bu que la langue ressemble vachement au français mdr, mai t as raison je me suis moyenné de l l’alphabet français et espagnol est cela m’a été d une aide précieuse Si tu sais parler l’espagnol est que tu es une fille j’aimerais bien pratiquer la langue avec toi stv
Well, we never really switched over from Latin to English, Latin just evolved into French, Spanish, Italian, and other Romance languages. English comes from a different branch of the Indo-European family tree (albeit with influences from Latin).
you probably dont care at all but does anyone know a trick to log back into an instagram account?? I somehow forgot the account password. I appreciate any assistance you can give me.
The Latin alphabet has no "J". Hence the "I" as a transliteration of the Hebrew in "Yahweh". "Jehovah" for God was an invention of some Protestants in the U.S. during the 1800s, a kind of uneducated attempt at another version of the Hebrew.
The Romans conquered Britain about 100 years after Caesar. So by saying "shortly after Caesar", vagueness enters into the conversation. Sure, we don't know exactly when the consonantal u moved from a w to a v (some 19th century critics maintained that it never was a w), but it's very likely to have happened rather not shortly after Caesar, but several hundred years. But, you can do whatever sounds best, and no ancient Roman will criticize you for poor pronunciation, since they're all dead!
Actually V was confirmed to be /w/ (english W of "water") until the 3rd century where fricative pronunciation was becoming common among the masses but knowledge about the correct pronunciation was still known. Although before /v/, the pronunciation of V in Vulgar Latin in the 4th century was 99% /β/, where /w/ is composed of velar /ɰ/ and bilabial /β/. /β/ is a in between sound of modern B and V. /β/ was the pronunciation of both intervocalic classical latin "B" , and common speech "V" at some point. Both V and B had merged together with /β/ by the 6th century. /β/ as phoneme is unstable, and in the medieval era /β/ became /v/. Many words that had in fact the B and V in Latin changed to V in most languages. Example, "Habere" (to have) /haβere/ changed to "avere" /avere/ in Italian. The changes were like this V /w/>/β/>/v/ B /β/>/v/
@@patrick-sprachenmusikstudi5351 The letter Digamma (Ϝ) in Greek had the same phonetic value but since in Greek there were little words that used it, it was removed. It had came from the same root of Υ that was /u/ in ancient greek then /y/. The letter waw in Phonetician was the common ancestor to Latin V and Greek Y\Ϝ. Words like Eqvvs (horse) was pronounced /ekwos/. Since Latin and Greek share the same origin it's not hard to reconstruct that V was /w/. Letter V had changed to /β/ in Vulgar Latin causing confusion with B and it had to be taught to the people when to use V and B because the scholars and upper class knew the difference. /β/ turned in /v/ in most romance languages while U was made to try to preserve the vocalic pronunciation of V.
Thank you! Your videos are so helpful to me! Because I am learning English, Spanish and Russian. My first language is Chinese which from a totally different language system. Now I can understand how they are related a little
That would be highly great indeed. I have studied it for three university semesters and I'm going to take a greek writer class next semester ( the studied writer will probably be Herodotus). Therefore I'd really like to revise it thanks to good videos like these!
@@Michael5iLVEr It's a greek author class, where we translate parts of one or some literary work(s) from one or two author(s). We also study a specific aspect of these works and authors, for which we have an oral presentation and a short work to make.
I thought that the Latin language is no longer used hence it is considered as a dead language. But the moment I see this channel , I consider myself priveleged to start learning it. Cheers for sharing it.
I was reminded of the opening of this series from “The World isn’t Wide Enough”. I’m so nostalgic for this channel; it was one of the places that furthered by love of linguistics when I was in 2nd grade and is the reason I’m taking Latin now much later on in life. Thank you so much, latintutorial :D
Ruslan Markelov: Classical latin was the Lingua Franca of the empire, it was only spoken by elite, that's never ever been the language of the people. Latin was a bunch of similar dialects that gave us several laguages today. ;)
Technically Latin is still spoken for the fact that all languages change so Latin is still spoken but today it is known as Italian, Spanish (Castilian), Portuguese, French, Sardinians, Catalan, Romanian, Galician, and of course Ecclesiastical Latin
Being Portuguese a Romance language, and I am a Portuguese naitve speaker from Brazil, all these Latin sounds are easy-peasy to me. I always had interest on learning Latin. Thanks for sharing this amazing content.
I'm just very fortunate and thankful of being Latin and being able to roll my R's. If you need help to do that, you need to put the tip of your tongue on the front upper part just right behind the upper teeth, then blow fast air by tensing the tongue just as you blow! I hope you can get it! I was taught to always trill my R's since I was little for Spanish is my native tongue, and that is how it physically feels for me. I hope it helps, but if it doesn't look for more videos! With practice and patience it will come. I struggled to not roll my R's while learning English, but then got it and its now quite flawless! :)
Thank you for your clarification! It'a always nice to have a comparison between different countries on the same subject! You are doing brilliant job here!
Thank you!!! You are very good at explaining & giving easy to apply / remember examples. The consonants and vowels videos you posted are tremendously helpful ♥️ you, sir, have a new subscriber! 😁
Y represents Greek Upsilon from Greek loanwords, like K for Kappa. It is pronounced as /y/ ('ee' sound with lips rounded like a 'u') in Classical Latin and /i/ ('ee') in Ecclesiastical Latin
I couldn't agree with you more. English just ruins everything... That's why I agree with this quote most fervently: "English doesn't borrow from other languages. English follows other languages down dark alleys, beats them down, and goes through their pockets for loose grammar." Sorry "Kaisar" . . . I guess Brutus was the least of your worries. Now people just butcher your name.
English is a Frankensteins monster of a language. It has been deliberately shredded and smashed for the walking producer units knows as people. The legal system still uses it and bases the meaning of the English words on Latin. It is a good way to make the slave populace damn themselves by default when they are in your State house, by teaching them the wrong stuff.
This is original pronunciation or "reconstructed" - supposed pronunciation of Latin during Roman Republic and early Empire. It is correct as we have evidence in Greek. In school (here in Croatia) we learnt these, but we used "Italian" or Ecclesiastic type of pronunciation (ae, oe - e; c and g before e and i - ts/ch and g/j etc), classical prononcuation was used only for reading original Roman authors (Caesar, Vergil, Cicero etc.).
@GrandeSalvatore96 I've taught students from Italy, and have heard the Italian pronunciation of Latin. You pronounce it the way you were taught, keeping in mind that different countries have different approaches to the "classical" pronunciation.
Following the German school tradition in Latin C before e,i,y,ae,oe sounds like [tse]; before a,o,u, consonant and at the end of the word sounds like [k]. In Italy what we pronounce as [tse] sounds like [ch]. The letter S between vowels sounds as [z]. While there are different teaching traditions regarding the letter C and we are not sure how exactly sounded in the classical period, we can be sure that the digraph ph sounded as [f] and nothing like [p]. You can hear it in the modern pronunciation of the letter in Greek and the pronunciation of the digraph ph in the modern languages. Maybe is good to mention the two main Latin school traditions. I disagree calling wrong the way of teaching accepted by half of the world.
@@jamburga321 no. The matter is explained in the comment above, and it is clearly evident in the pronunciation of thousands of words of Latin origin in contemporary languages. How do you pronounce incision, census, censure, caecum, cervix, coeliac, circus? What about the pronunciation of these in Italian? Where exactly C before e, i, y, ae, oe sounds like or changes into {K}?
@@rad_y6315 The Romans considered the letter K redundant because, in their own words, C had the exact same sound. "Cicero" was translated into Greek as "Κίκερο", not "Σίσερο". C had a K sound in English as well for a long time before the Norman invasion. The german word for emperor, which comes from Latin, is "Kaiser", not "Sezar". There is also Arabic "Qaysar" and Turkish "Kayser". Classical latin C always sounded like K, the ecclesiastical pronunciation is a completely wrong and disproven reconstruction. Only because it's accepted by a lot of people, doesn't make it right.
according to a report by the bbc in London The English language: 1- It uses and depends on the Roman alphabet (in my opinion this is a fundamental reason for being a hybrid language). 2-His vocabulary is 60% Latin. 3- Its grammar is 38% Latin (denying the legend that its grammar is 100% Germanic). Other sources state that it is 39% Latin. Therefore, it is philologically impossible to consider the English language as a Germanic language. English is really a hybrid.
Hello, latintutorial, thank you very much for your great video. I found it is very useful. but can i have a question for you about the pronunciation of Y in Lain? I found in Wiki that Y in Latin is pronounced as /i:'grajka/, but here in the video is pronounced as /ü grajka/. would you please help to clarify this? thank you in advance.
I learned my ABCs and how to write them all by myself from learning the song and comparing to a sheet with letters. Scientifically through trial-and-error I learned how to read write abc's before I went to kindergarten.. then a few grades up I taught myself how to write in perfect cursive a year early. And my teachers wouldn't let me write in cursive even though it was absolute perfect cursive like on the abc sheet I learned from. If you can learn how to write perfect cursive you could Forge my signature like it's from me. The bottom of my G goes slightly below the line rather than right on the line.
@felipe roger Even though English is considered within the Germanic language family, 60% of the words come from Latin.. So I fail to see how officially it is considered Germanic. The Normans spoke the Italic/Romance language which is where majority of English words come from. People also forget that English uses the Roman/Latin alphabet system.
The actual structure of the language, such as grammar and SVO sentence structure, is Germanic, whereas the vocab has changed over time to be mostly Latin
I would love to hear you say, "Ut ameris, amablis esto!" There is a macron above the 'e' in ameris, the 'a' in amablis, and the 'o' in esto. Not sure how to include macrons on my smartphone. I would greatly appreciate it if you grant me that request.
This is a browser keyboard for Maori which conveniently has all the macrons needed for Latin. maori.typeit.org/ I'm not sure if it works with a phone, but it doesn't hurt to mention it.
you told us that in classical lati, the V consonant is pronounced as a W. But when you were telling us about the G you read the word fugitivus with the V as an english V, not a W
@XXLoveoneanother No problem. Good luck to your daughter. I'm sure she'll be learning in a much different way than most people, and starting so young is probably the best way to learn Latin.
I greatly appreciate this video, but is it necessary to trill the R? You recognize how difficult it is, especially for an English speaker who is new to Latin. I have avoided this and other languages with a trilled R because of how very difficult I find it to trill, and how awkward it seems to me. Would you recommend I just keep trying to trill, pronounce it as I do in English, or just learn another language? Thanks! :)
Honestly, I've chosen to learn French instead, I find its guttural R to be much easier than a trill, whether a uvular or alveolar trill. I definitely would like to learn Latin someday though.
Kaleb H Many if not the large majority of languages used the trilled "R". It is something that I am afraid you will have to learn, and I'm sure there is a book about it. Another option is to ask your linguistics professor and I am sure he or she will help you! Good luck my friend and enjoy learning.
TheLightningDawn Thanks! Sadly I don't have a professor, I'm just studying it myself. I have gotten a little better at the trilled R, though currently I'm studying French so it shouldn't be that big of an issue. :)
The first part is the names of the letters. After that, I address each individual letter whose pronunciation is different from standard American English.
Whoa bro now now this whole time I've heard people saying veni vidi vici wrong and no one's corrected them? Damn. Glad I watched this at least I won't seem a total fool now. Thanks for the lessons, I look forward to watching the others!
Jürgen Link I guess you can compare it to the way you can do that sort of "motorboat" sound with your lips by suppressing the air and pushing it out at the same time. Just do that, but with your tongue against your palate. You might be going the wrong way about it since the English R is pronounced with the tongue rolled back, but the trilled R is pronounced with the tongue against the roof of your mouth.
+Jürgen Link Come to Brazil and you'll learn it in no time ;-) It's also hard for us to pronounce the "TH" as in "thank" or "TH" as in "that". And it's just crazy when they come together in a sentence as in "The student speaks wiTH THe teacher". Oh boy...
Funny how almost any language speaker could come here and say they sound identical to their own language, and funnier is that they seem like they didn't expect it. Lol
C was pronounced as "K" when it followed by all of the consonants. But it goes under palatalisation in Vulgar Latin when it was followed by "i" and "e" making it sounds like "kyi" and "kye" the ongoing palatalisation split the Latin dialects to two, Western Latin and Eastern Latin. After the long process of palatalisation, the Eastern Latin like Italian and Romanian dialects or Church Latin (which was influenced with Eastern Latin phonology) retain the similar English "ch" sound for c after being followed by "e" and "i" like ci and ce. The Western Latin dialects like Gallo-Romance and Ibero-Romance retain the "ts" sound for ci and ce and later evolved to "s" or "θ" in Spanish. Same goes for "g". But Spanish is unique the consonantal i in Latin that was pronounced the same with English "y" sound, turned become "j" and pronounced like hard "h" sound like Juan, juventud, etc.
@zacthebold So, to more directly answer your question: a student will be smarter, will know more about how humanity functions, and will be able to think differently about academic areas. This goes along with being able to appreciate and understand literature, words, grammar and language (Latin helps you immensely in learning other Romance tongues). And, of course, it gives you an excuse to visit Italy, Greece, and other parts in Europe.
+Graham Jeacocke *automatically assumes someone is atheist just because they arent Christian* Well if you are atheist ToddVlogs no offense, just pointing out that phenomenon there
+Graham Jeacocke He can be a Muslim, or a Hindu, and thats different from atheism...not believing in the Christian god is not equivalent to not believing in any god at all. The black and white picture you depict is simply a case of a false dichotomy
@zacthebold It's not a stupid question, but it doesn't have an easy answer. The same can be said of history, literature, or even advanced math (most people don't use math beyond what they learned in middle school). But we learn Latin because it's there, because it's interesting, and because it forces us to think hard. By teaching us how to learn and think, we're able to do a whole lot more with our lives in the more "relevant" fields. But sometimes it's good enough to just learn something.
Christopher X So the Pope knows better how Julius Caesar spoke Latin? Lol. By the way, I hope you've heard of something called "linguistics" and "research", actually, tons of that "research"...
This helped me a lot. One question I would like to ask. If V an u are the same letter, why I always find ave, salve or servus, but never aue, salue or seruus? How did ancient romans write those?
The Ancient Romans always wrote with the V. They would write ave, salve and servvs. The important thing is they ALWAYS wrote u as v, so yes, servvs is correct, and so is vvlpes. U and V didn’t split until after Classical Latin transitioned to Vulgar Latin.
@Jonathan29031993 No, sorry, and no time, either. But, you should be able to find a whole lot of resources online that can help you with your questions. As long as you know what you dont know, you can always google it (or, as my students say, "Bing" it, although they use it pejoratively).
@Jonathan29031993 It depends on your level of commitment. Wheelock's Latin just released a new edition, and many top end colleges are using Keller and Russel's Learn to Read Latin. Many high schools use the Cambridge Latin Course, which is an easy, story based approach to Latin. Similar to that is Ecce Romani, although I find the stories in the Ecce not as interesting as the Cambridge. So you have plenty of choices. I recommend LtRL or the CLC, although I learned with Wheelock's.
Thank you! I'm learning Latin from an app on my phone, and knowing the correct pronunciation will make it easier to wrap my brain around these new words.
Great simple and to the point. All the 'questionable' letters about classical Latin pronunciation are covered here. So yes, Latin does actually sound alien to what we know (church Latin... Gross). This how to really speak 2000 years ago. Well done
@einTyp25 Yes, positive, according to classical pronunciation. The more traditional (and wrong) pronunciation (medieval/ecclesiastical/church pronunciation) that many people know, veh-nee, is anachronistic to Julius Caesar's time period.
In our school we have to pronounce the texts according to what time they're from. If it's like Cicero or Hannibal (antique) we pronounce like you say. But when it's from the "silver age" or the Middle Ages, then we have to pronounce it differently. Great video btw!
I don't know if "ratio" is related to "resh". The Latin "ratio" comes from reor, to think, consider, itself possibly cognate with Sanscrit rta, meaning correct, truth, which happens to be a major principle in Vedic religion. It looks like this word is derived from the Indo-European root *h2ar-, "to join properly". What isn't doubted is that the Latin "R" comes from the Semitic letter Resh.
This helps so much! I am trying to learn from an old textbook that a business had, but not the audio that came with it, I'm doing surprisingly well when I check it on Google Translate, assuming its right lol!
You're confusing my statement just a bit. Essentially many of the consonantal sounds are the same in English and Latin, along with most of the syllabification. The accentuation is different, though. Albanian has a lot of Latin loan words, and it's interesting that these loan words came from the time of the Roman Empire (instead of later). Yet, while Albanian may be influenced by Latin, it has the great distinction of being its own branch of Indo-European.
Regarding the 'i' and 'y' about the 'i' being hard like a consonant is semi-incorrect or only semi-correct, however you want to think of it. If you already speak a Romance language, you already know that it is not really any different. You are merely voicing it differently, and only somewhat. But it's super hard concept so I understand why we had to make a 'j' so that everyone could understand what the heck they were supposed to say if written down.
Now you and your friend can memorize and reenact this famous and most eloquent scene and be the life of the party: Doc : In vino veritas. Ringo : Age quod agis. Doc : Credat Judaeus Apella, non ego. Ringo : Juventus stultorum magister. Doc : In pace requiescat!
Not in the standard classical Latin pronunciation. That developed over time as the language and regional dialects took over Latin. It's very possible that the "CH" sound was around in Italy during Roman times, but the upper class had nothing to do with it (think of the difference between the Queen's English and Scottish or Irish English).
How can we know how did the latins pronounced their words?? i study latin in italy and we pronounce it totally different from you!! (we'd pronounce "caesar" with the c of "chair". "fugitivus" with with the g of "Germany".the v as v and not as u!) what about the "ti" that is pronounced "tsi"? i've been told so.
Actually, it seems that what I learned in class here at Uni might not be correct, just simplified for ease of learning. In Vox Latina (Allen, W. Sidney: Vox latina : a guide to the pronunciation of classical Latin; London : Cambridge University Press; 1965; pp. 33-34) the suggested pronunciation is actually quite similar to the English. I’ve written an e-mail to my professor to get a clarification, and will come back to you. For now, I stand corrected. :)
