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The shape-shifting skulls of dinosaurs | Jack Horner | TEDxVancouver 

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"The Shape-Shifting Skulls of Dinosaurs" will focus on our latest discoveries concerning how dinosaur skulls changed as they grew to adult hood, and why it is that some dinosaur species are actually juvenile growth stages of other species. I will illustrate how it is that scientists got it wrong to begin with, and how we figured it all out. The talk will concern field work, studies in morphology, and osteohistology (the microscopic study of bone)
Jack has published more than 170 professional papers, 9 popular books, and more than 100 popular articles. His book Digging Dinosaurs was described by New Scientist Magazine as one of the 250 most important science books of the 20th Century. Jack also directs the largest dinosaur field research program in the world. He was the technical advisor for Steven Spielberg on all of the Jurassic Park movies, and has worked with National Geographic, and The Discovery Channel on numerous dinosaur specials.
Jack is the Curator of Paleontology at the Museum of the Rockies, and Regent's Professor of Paleontology at Montana State University in Bozeman, Montana. He is also a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Paleobiology at the Smithsonian Institution, and an Honorary Research Fellow with the Natural History Museum in London.
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27 июн 2024

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Комментарии : 160   
@Pssybart
@Pssybart 13 лет назад
Jack Horner has become some kind of a Dino Myth Buster. He has also long argued that T-Rex was a pure scavenger. So far, T-Rex has withstood the test and remains an active predator to most scientists but we should appreciate that Horner actually goes out to test these animals. It forces us to re-examine our evidence and it many times corrects overlooked errors.
@Godzillarex
@Godzillarex 10 лет назад
Very interesting presentation! I hope these theories are present in newer books about dinosaurs. To think that Torosaurus is in reality the Blastoise, if you will, and Triceratops is the Wartortle.
@jaisanatanrashtra7035
@jaisanatanrashtra7035 4 года назад
And Haast eagle is the talon flame
@michaelmackprang1135
@michaelmackprang1135 11 лет назад
This reminds me of when I was little. When I looked at the restorations, I thought, "Oh look! A Tyrannosaurus!" And then I would read the plaque, Tarbosaurus. I could never keep the number of teeth and shape of the skulls straight. Good thing to know now that I wasn't too far off :)
@conan1174
@conan1174 11 лет назад
Jack Horner, Bob Bakker, Phil Currie, and Gregory S. Paul where some of heroes of Paleontology when I was growing up. 20= Years later I'm still fascinated by dinosaurs and scientists, like Horner, are to me anyway, still the best.
@MirahCarter
@MirahCarter 9 лет назад
Good video. Makes science fun!
@Bobfermasan
@Bobfermasan 6 лет назад
Would defo go back to school just to have a teacher like him.
@Digitizeddragon
@Digitizeddragon 11 лет назад
The crap is really gonna hit the fan when they get around to cutting open sauropods 0_0
@rameyzamora1018
@rameyzamora1018 6 лет назад
Wow. Very good!!
@solank7620
@solank7620 7 лет назад
This is interesting, and he may well be right. But he's stating disputed ideas as fact. From the Torosaurus wiki, "In 2011, 2012 and 2013, however, studies of external features of known specimens have claimed that morphological differences between the two genera preclude their synonymy. The main problems are a lack of good transitional forms, the apparent existence of authentic Torosaurus subadults, different skull proportions independent of maturation and the assertion that hole formation at an adult stage is not part of a normal ceratopsian maturation sequence."
@rwatson2609
@rwatson2609 5 лет назад
I agree, he may be stating disputed ideas as facts but it just seams like the norm these days. Nowadays truth has become blurred and it shows up in all parts of our society for a variety of reasons. Do you remember the OJ Simpson case? Or when when Clinton was accused of fooling around with whats her name? why can't we find truth anymore? I don't know the answer. Sadly however, where there is lots of money involved there tends to be enough skill to blurr truth.
@inyobill
@inyobill 5 лет назад
He's stating facts, and advancing ideas to explain them. Other experts will examine the facts, look to see if his ideas fit the facts, in such case the theory will be changed.That's how science works. He may be wrong in some, or all, cases, but maybe not.
@ChowMeinChowdown
@ChowMeinChowdown 13 лет назад
@MarkArandjus In the beginnings of light microscope development, sections from plants and animals were manually prepared using razor blades. It was found that to observe the structure of the specimen under observation it was important to make clean reproducible cuts on the order of 100 µm, through which light can be transmitted. This allowed for the observation of samples using light microscopes in a transmission mode. I think main reason is because most labs aren't using digital microscopes.
@davidkelly8278
@davidkelly8278 11 лет назад
Actually Brontosaurus was Albertosaurus with a Brachiosaurus skull put on to make it look different... Scientists like to name stuff. lol
@S0XF0X
@S0XF0X 13 лет назад
SAY WHAT?! Best video ever!
@Velox415
@Velox415 12 лет назад
Wow. Jack Horner looks so old. :s I remember watching him as a kid. How old is he; he's only like 60 or 65 I thought?
@Mutubeish
@Mutubeish 13 лет назад
this is fun! =)
@michaelkraemer5846
@michaelkraemer5846 11 лет назад
It's because children are the biggest fans of dinosaurs. I can ask a 24 year old average joe to name 10 dinosaurs, and he'd probably only get 5 (t.Rex, triceratops, velociraptor, brontosaurus, stegosaurus), but if I ask a 5 year old to name 20 dinosaurs, he or she could do it with ease.
@hugoarcada
@hugoarcada 6 лет назад
I just did a small experiment. got to 50 and stoped. 36 years old.
@ChowMeinChowdown
@ChowMeinChowdown 13 лет назад
@sonofpikaia My apologies for misunderstanding your question. Well, the T-Rex is different from the velociraptor on so many different levels. I'm sure just a simple Wiki on both of them is going to reveal quite a bit. But I'd like to give your question a shot - First, they are different on morphological grounds (proportions, anatomy, size, osteometrics, etc). Second, behavorial (probably scavenger vs hunter) and biomechanical differences. Third, genetics. In fact, do check out their cladograms.
@jameslee-mv2px
@jameslee-mv2px 11 лет назад
why do u have to wreck it for me... :( i have to unlearn all the dinosaurs now
@laserfan17
@laserfan17 10 лет назад
T.rex was not a damn scavenger!! the differences between both are: Cranial features: teeth design, skull size, musculature joints, fenestrae, solid fused nasals etc. Leg features: Relatively longer distals, larger femur, different hip joints, different locomotion adaptations. Size: Juvenile T.rex was 5-6.4 m long, A full grown V. mongliensis was 1,8-2 m long. T.rex hunted using both head and neck as one massively powerful weapon to overpower, Velociraptor used claws and tearing teeth to kill.
@yokeimon
@yokeimon 12 лет назад
Jack Horner was consulted for the Jurassic Park franchise before, maybe they'll talk to him again.
@paulapoo82
@paulapoo82 10 лет назад
He states that he never published his theories on predatory dinosaurs, only that he was using that theory to teach children to never assume something without facts.
@Bobfermasan
@Bobfermasan 6 лет назад
English subtitles have NO correlation with the video. Good Job!
@daniel-zh9nj6yn6y
@daniel-zh9nj6yn6y 5 лет назад
Automatic English is good, though. (I'm writing this for future viewers)
@sonofpikaia
@sonofpikaia 13 лет назад
Why is velocyraptor not a jong T-rex?
@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013
@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013 3 года назад
Because they are not in the same family and they lived completely different places from each other
@laserfan17
@laserfan17 10 лет назад
Never assume something without facts? ok, but the fact that T.rex and every other large carnivorous dinosaurs had the necessary weapons to be succesful hunters is undeniable.
@Elyphaleth
@Elyphaleth 13 лет назад
Great! Now I must to forget a lot of dinosaur's names!
@BeezleBozo
@BeezleBozo 12 лет назад
This man kills Dinosaurs! I SHALL NAME HIM DINOBANE!
@Mutubeish
@Mutubeish 13 лет назад
@Mutubeish yea and interesting!
@101mossie
@101mossie 5 лет назад
My retriever puppy is really just a young Falkor.
@XazoTak
@XazoTak 11 лет назад
What are you watching this from? I'm using XP and it appears on this very video.
@christoph-simonsenjak6454
@christoph-simonsenjak6454 7 лет назад
Why did he have to cut them open? Wouldn't it be possible to use non-destructive methods like MRI?
@hugoarcada
@hugoarcada 6 лет назад
You need to see the histology, meaning the celular and tissue level details. MRI does not work there, and neither does CT.
@inyobill
@inyobill 5 лет назад
As Diego said, you need to be able to examine the fine-scale morphology, which may not be apparent using non-invasive techniques. Do you not believe that these researchers would be aware of MRI?
@humanistreason
@humanistreason 2 года назад
Congrats! you able entitled to apply for museum curator
@spexi513
@spexi513 Год назад
💚💚💚
@olyolyoxenfr
@olyolyoxenfr 11 лет назад
I find it interesting how even I, a junior in High School, can disprove or at least rationalize against all or most of the points made in this video. Dracorex is Stygimoloch, but both are probably not Pachycephalosaurus. Torosaurus is most certainly not Triceratops. Nanotyrannus is not Tyrannosaurus, we have real juvenile Tyrannosaurs and they are not Nanotyrannus. However, Anatotitan Is probably Edmontosaurus, which is a shame, because Anatotitan is a pretty cool sounding name.
@inyobill
@inyobill 5 лет назад
"Reasoning" without access to the original material, advanced training in comparative anatomy, …, wow.
@debbiejudd6447
@debbiejudd6447 4 года назад
Prove everything you say. Dare you. Oops you cant. So be quiet jackass
@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013
@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013 3 года назад
@@debbiejudd6447 Which side are you on?
@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013
@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013 3 года назад
Agree. And most palaeontologists refuse to look at the true juveniles. Same with tooth count, rexes have 11-13 in the maxilla and 12-15 in the dentary.
@hechoenjap
@hechoenjap 13 лет назад
He reminds me of Chevy Chase
@mundolaguna
@mundolaguna 2 года назад
yo que me senti bien informado ahora, y veo que es del 2011 ¬¬
@louis424
@louis424 12 лет назад
@givenupsasuke the fact that he mentions them twice in 20 minutes? yes, you are the only one.
@MultiRajasohail
@MultiRajasohail 11 лет назад
i love dinosoure like a mentel
@raintown
@raintown 13 лет назад
@1davidlister1 Ha! yeah they get the jokes. Brilliant!
@TroyKeenan
@TroyKeenan 11 лет назад
*Apatosaurus not Albertosaurus
@debbiejudd6447
@debbiejudd6447 4 года назад
Wrong jackasd
@sonofpikaia
@sonofpikaia 13 лет назад
@ChowMeinChowdown No it's not a joke. I do not mean to say that I think a velocyreptor is a jong T-rex, I just wane know explicit what the arguments are? I never studied dinos so i don't know, I'm just interested in the answer?
@piecheese1214
@piecheese1214 13 лет назад
Scientists: They like to name things.
@TheLivirus
@TheLivirus 12 лет назад
I find it really hard to belive that sawing the bones apart is the least destructive way to determine if they're spoungy or not. What about Xrays? What about comparing their densities?
@inyobill
@inyobill 5 лет назад
Non-invasive methods don't yield the required detail.
@NotShowingOff
@NotShowingOff 2 года назад
You can do x-rays on things that are alive because live bones are different. They have nutrients and heal.
@SpelKille
@SpelKille 13 лет назад
@ImAnotherZang I doubt that would work with fossilized bones.
@laserfan17
@laserfan17 10 лет назад
He talked about ONTOGENETIC changes, didnt you hear? Torosaurus was identical to Triceratops just with some features like curved horns and a larger size, explained by ontogeny. N. lancencis was a juvenile Tyrannosaurus and It is Identical to the juvenile Tyrannosaurus specimens we have, the difference between N. lancencis in proportions respective to T.rex is just due to individual variations and due to ontogeny.Do not underrate scientist Works, that is ridiculous, specially by someone like you
@debbiejudd6447
@debbiejudd6447 4 года назад
Prove it i dare you you cant lmao jackass
@WEAREONEOFMANY1
@WEAREONEOFMANY1 5 лет назад
I would like to see this guy in the British collection, there's mislabeling all over the place.
@MarkArandjus
@MarkArandjus 13 лет назад
Wait... so Dinosaurs grew like Pokemon? BTW why physically cut them up, why not use some type of scanner or an x-ray?
@elementx9
@elementx9 11 лет назад
That wasn't really disproving, you didn't provide any evidence to back this up... You just sort of contradicted him. Anyone can say "Torosaurus is certainly not Triceratops." Proof please.
@Sykora727
@Sykora727 12 лет назад
Does anyone else think this guy sounds like the Joker?
@ginatkins372
@ginatkins372 6 лет назад
Dinosaurs soft tissue? What do you say?
@inyobill
@inyobill 5 лет назад
Please stay6 on topic. This nothing to do with long-term preservation of soft tissue.
@1davidlister1
@1davidlister1 13 лет назад
@closestcontinuer because they get the jokes
@maxjjk
@maxjjk 12 лет назад
@Tareltonlives Oh really? Care to provide evidence like Mr. Horner rather than just spewing objections?
@Tareltonlives
@Tareltonlives 13 лет назад
He had to make sure none of his dignity and credibility survived.
@kaitlynkennell7346
@kaitlynkennell7346 6 лет назад
Wow you lot need to go back to school it's not a theory it's facts and hard evidence very interested in seeing how expansive things really were genetically back then with all these false claims being torn down anything can be the next Pluto
@thomasbenton915
@thomasbenton915 5 лет назад
There is so much false information out there about dinosaurs. If you believe everything they told you in school you're brainwashed my friend.
@vfkrewl
@vfkrewl Год назад
@TEDx captions broke
@LockeShocke
@LockeShocke 13 лет назад
Did anybody else think that this was not funny at any of the places that people laughed?
@MrKrtek00
@MrKrtek00 5 лет назад
That was really puzzling part of the talk.
@ramavlogdeaf6392
@ramavlogdeaf6392 3 года назад
Tail artificial piegien features collect the artificial tail pl coment
@RAMSES777100
@RAMSES777100 12 лет назад
ALLOMETRIC CRANIAL ONTOGENY
@ChowMeinChowdown
@ChowMeinChowdown 13 лет назад
@sonofpikaia I hope this is a joke.
@laserfan17
@laserfan17 11 лет назад
he is Smart one of the smartest palaeontologists in the world, but come on, T.rex is a proven predator, and his theories about predatory dinosaurs are pathethic. still, i am now convinced that he was far smarter than i though. I was in a mistake :/
@debbiejudd6447
@debbiejudd6447 4 года назад
No it hasnt its all theory. Prove it
@debbiejudd6447
@debbiejudd6447 4 года назад
Shut up nobody likes a cry baby
@ginatkins372
@ginatkins372 6 лет назад
This man is afraid of hidden truths!
@Tareltonlives
@Tareltonlives 12 лет назад
@Pssybart Or rather, Dino MythMAKER since most of his theories make no biological sense.
@timetravellerregisteredtra850
@timetravellerregisteredtra850 5 лет назад
there are no ancient stories of dinosaurs, a nineteenth century invention, but global memories of dragons. now we know why. these dragon looking "dinosaurs" were indeed the dragons of myth and legend.
@SevenPr1me
@SevenPr1me 4 года назад
except extensive geological and radiometric dating of dinosaurs has determined them to be greater than 65 million years old and this dating is consistent THROUGHOUT ALL DINOSAUR FOSSILS. dragons sound cool but they are a fantasy creature that combined what would have been considered the most terrifying creatures. also its a misconception that all cultures have dragons. instead, it's that all cultures have depictions of terrifying beasts, and you intrepet them all to be dragons. your conspiracy theory is debunked very easily and with just 5 minutes of research too
@timcross2510
@timcross2510 2 года назад
there are no dinosaur bones around these days.there exist things that the bones were able to fossilize into. just sayin
@seniorfrog7391
@seniorfrog7391 6 лет назад
The trouble is Horner is WRONG !! He said the nano Trano is a juvenile T-Rex and he is WRONG !! They have scans on skulls of the nano Trano and it is MUCH different than a T-Rex !! The inner ear is in a different spot and the brain has different shape and parts then a T-Rex !! Does he want us to believe that the inner ear would move and that parts of the brain would just go away when this animal grew ?? I don't think so !! It looks like to me a Mr Horner wants his name on something but all the dinos are already named !!
@inyobill
@inyobill 5 лет назад
Did you not catch that he recognized, and pointed out the differences?
@HerrBaton
@HerrBaton 11 лет назад
7th vancouver talk I watch. Nobody really interesting spoke there. I'm suspecting all the inteligentia is extinct in that city.
@Tareltonlives
@Tareltonlives 12 лет назад
Bullshit.
@SiChuanChilli
@SiChuanChilli 10 лет назад
why those people keep laughing when it's not funny at all, so disruptive and annoying
@StrainOfThought
@StrainOfThought 9 лет назад
SiChuanChilli You're just not getting the joke.
@SiChuanChilli
@SiChuanChilli 9 лет назад
Strain Of Thought yea right.
@Robertotherium
@Robertotherium 8 лет назад
+SiChuanChilli You'll be sorry for mocking at a dyslexic man, that's why Horner has a hard time speaking, not because he tries to be fun, but because he cannot speak quick as most of us do. Try not to be rude if you don't know the circumstances. Have a nice day.
@SiChuanChilli
@SiChuanChilli 8 лет назад
Robertotherium I don't think you got what I said there, but whatever :)
@heheheheheeho
@heheheheheeho 8 лет назад
+Robertotherium So the people in the audience are laughing AT Jack Horner? Is that what you're saying?
@indowntime1966
@indowntime1966 3 года назад
Dinosaurs are a fiction imagination delusion...Period. A comic book at best. Yet, my favorite is the fictional triceratops.
@TheXOoftheRO
@TheXOoftheRO 10 лет назад
4:33 and 99% of atheists believe that. wow I feel sorry for people that dont realize Dinos were called Dragons for thousands of years, and always lived with man.
@fleshanthos
@fleshanthos 10 лет назад
I would feel sorry for braindead idiots like yourself, but you spread your uneducated fantasy among children, dumbing them down to your level of abysmal stupidity. Stop damaging humanity.
@ethancowgill6142
@ethancowgill6142 10 лет назад
Atheism has nothing to do with Dinosaurs. It is the position on a single claim. In fact, there is only one thing all atheists can agree on. And if you were scientifically literate you wouldn't make a claim as absurd as the one you just regurgitated.
@fleshanthos
@fleshanthos 10 лет назад
Ethan Cowgill [sarcasm]Not to worry, pillbox gets their info from a very *reliable* source: National Enquirer and the bible of his gaaahhhhddd.[/sarcasm] pfffffttttt HAHAHAHAHAHAHA I knew I couldn't say "reliable" and keep a straight face.
@Ash_Sentam
@Ash_Sentam 10 лет назад
MG42pillbox, I know what you mean, but let's give Jack Horner credit where credit's due. Truth is, he's a great scientist. Yes, it's sad that he's not willing to consider the Bible's record of creation in Genesis and Job, but that's partly because he started with the evolutionary assumption.
@fleshanthos
@fleshanthos 10 лет назад
It's not an assumption. You are ignorant of what Science is. Science requires PROOF. If there is no proof, it cannot be called "Science". There is therefore NO assumption. It relies only on PROOF. It can rely on nothing else. You can start to understand that by taking a little bit of philosophy courses. Of course, your religion will be endangered by learning sophisticated thinking.
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