Toba caldera: Ring of Fire - tectonic journeys in E Asia

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This is ground zero for the largest volcanic eruption in the past two million years - Toba on the island of Sumatra. What is the structure of the volcanic complex? What can we learn from the landscape and some preliminary geophysical experiments? This is one of a series of films made to accompany the BBC's 4th series of "Race Across the World" - looking a geology of this stunning region.
#geology #Tobacaldera #tobalake #tectonics #ratw #volcano #ringoffire

Опубликовано:

15 окт 2024

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Комментарии : 33

@cacogenicist 4 месяца назад

I've long wondered why Toba -- just a regular old subduction arc volcano -- has such a damn monstrously huge magma chamber.

@just_kos99 4 месяца назад

So glad RU-vid recommended your channel! I'm saving this to my "Science, geology" playlist for further study.

@gregallan2842 4 месяца назад

Excellent presentation. Thankyou squire.

@NawDawgTheRazor 4 месяца назад

Very informative.

@mkeysou812 4 месяца назад

Thank you for this video, it was very interesting. I particularly like the description of the magma chamber as a complex patchwork.

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Thanks - yes - there's lots to be done on understanding the dynamic structure of magma chambers - more insights coming these days from better geophysics ... but also more can come from ancient ones in the geological record....

@The-BigWeebowski 4 месяца назад

Thank you for the videos I'm learning so much from them I hope one day you could cover the geological history/ mountain formation of Romania?

@dianalee4312 4 месяца назад

I’m a new subscriber and wanted to thank you for the way you present your videos. I’m learning so much from you.

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Welcome aboard! there are a few up to catch up on... hope you enjoy them!

@dianalee4312 4 месяца назад

@@robbutler2095I’m sitting here watching and it makes sense….ok not all of it, but you are an excellent teacher. I’m so glad I found your work.

@tektitescouk 4 месяца назад

Since you are talking about SE Asia, the Gulf of Tonkin / Yinggehai Basin / Song Hong Basin has a great deal to offer. A pull-apart basin with exceptionally high sedimentation rates and shale diapirism, on top of that the very real possibility that the 788 ka Australasian Tektite source crater measuring c. 43 km diameter, slumped to 100 km, is present in a chaotic seismic zone in the center of the basin. This basin has a lot to reveal.

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Thanks for the info. My series has concluded for now - off to do other things - but the region has a super-rich set of geo-stories... so i'll be back!

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

see below in the chat. The YTT eruption ejected 2,800 km3 of dense rock equivalent - not the figure I mention here (out by an order of magnitude). Still vast - and the greatest single eruption in the past 2 Myr.

@cacogenicist 4 месяца назад

I think one of the more recent estimates is 3,800 km³ DRE -- with a total bulk volume of possibly around 13,200 km³ Frickin monster. About brakes the scale

@xiraoit9342 4 месяца назад

Does Mount Toba have the potential to become active again?

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Yes - absolutely - though not necessarily so catastrophically. There's still an active magma chamber below...

@mohammadrickypratama6720 4 месяца назад

Some Indonesian Scientist argue that the Toba Magma Chamber is now fueling the Sinabung Volcano up north of Lake Toba now

@Beasttamer28 4 месяца назад

The lake it self really deep. The last check is 1600 m deep. If you try to search, there case where a boat end up drowning and many of bodies of victims who we can't take back to furnace because it's to deep and almost no light. That the most saddest accident in my country indonesia

@TheAnarchitek 4 месяца назад

I suspect, when India was jammed forward, into southern Asia, carrying southeastern Asia with it, the Indonesian archipelago absorbed an incalculable amount of material in a very short time, causing all, and every, magma pipeline to spew lava like a pop-gun!

@Joe-j5j1u 4 месяца назад

Im surprised you didnt include the extensional component as a major driver for really large volcanic systems in subduction zone settings. The same is true for taupo in NZ .

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Interesting - but unlike Taupo and the continuation towards the Wanganui Basin, around Toba and that corner of Sumatra, there are (as far as I know) no normal-fault fault plane solutions from earthquakes. There are some out in the forearc - but not along that segment of the arc. My point would be that the proximity to the GSF could promote transtension (or in relay ramps).... But overall - more data needed!

@alexthefakest1279 4 месяца назад

That much land was liquefactioned!? Wow, good good

@bitey-facepuppyguy2038 4 месяца назад

Re the quoted volume......it is 2,800 km^3 not 28,000 km^3. I have always wished there were more detailed field studies of the caldera filling and outflow ignimbrite sheet such has been done for Aso 4 and Campanian.

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Thank you - well-corrected - it's 2.8k km^ 3 - but yes - lots of work to be done here!

@justinwilson3922 4 месяца назад

It was 13,400km^3 not 2,800

@TheHoveHeretic 4 месяца назад

Re: Eliptical shape of caldera .... Do we have evidence for the movement of the Great Sumatran Fault being consistent along it's entire length for 70 000 years or more? And is the fault a comparatively simple single straight structure passing this location? Might another reason for the currently evident shape be related to pre-eruption topography? Thinking here of the markedly asymmetric 1980 eruption of Mt.St.Helens.

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

Thanks for the questions: The scale of the caldera precludes I think any significant topographic controls... unlike St Helens... Certainly the fault trace of the GSF is straight(ish) passing Toba - though hard to say long-term given the masking by YTT and other deposits. There may be older relay structures... Check out last week's film on the GSF...: ru-vid.com/video/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BE-Jskd-YbO6CE.html

@zrodan632 4 месяца назад

Apatu?

@000fisherman 4 месяца назад

I wonder if there is any shocked quartz in the area. Could an asteroid impact have triggered the eruption???????? An oblique hit would leave such a scar!!!!! Just wondering!!!!!!

@robbutler2095 4 месяца назад

No shocked Qz as far as I know. Although the shape might be consistent with impact origins, the absence of associated deformation features etc would make this explanation very unlikely...