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Top 5 CANDU Reactor Facts you DON'T know

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The CANDU Reactor is an innovative technology. In this video I'll share how this technology was able to single handedly decarbonize one of Canada's largest provinces Ontario (home to Toronto). It also produces life saving radiomedical isotopes such as cobalt-60, Molybdenum 99 and Helium-3 which are used for cancer therapy and many other medical & industry applications. I also share why Nuclear fusion is impossible without CANDU and how its use to produce a very rare isotope called tritium. Lastly, many don't know but CANDU's can be used to burn spent fuel from PWR reactors. Yes, it can be used as a waste burner reactor, which comes with several benefits.
⏰TIMESTAMPS
00:00 - Why CANDU's can DO a LOT
00:54 - The story of Decarbonizing Ontario
02:01 - Elimination of smog days
02:46 - Isotope Production
03:06 - How are isotopes created in the CANDU?
04:34 - How CANDU achieved World record performance
05:47 - What is baseload energy?
06:30 - Significance of capacity factor
07:16 - Nuclear Fusion is impossible without CANDU
07:36 - Why tritium is a VERY important resource
08:44 - DUPIC Fuel - Direct Use of PWR fuel in CANDU
09:45 - Benefits of DUPIC fuel
10:25 - Origins of DUPIC Fuel
10:53 - Conclusion
🙋🏾‍♂️WHO AM I:
I'm Osama, I have a background in Nuclear Engineering and work in Toronto, On my channel I help demystify nuclear technologies by simplifying them
📨GET IN TOUCH (Want to collab?)
EMAIL: 📩 osama.baig@ontariotechu.net
INSTAGRAM: 📷 @usimama
GRAB A COFFEE WITH ME
☕ I love meeting up with people in real life (and Virtually). So here's a standing offer - if you fancy taking a trip to Toronto (Canada) and want to chat, I'll buy you a coffee, no questions asked. I'm generally available most weekday evenings after 7pm.
Drop me an email ( 📩osama.baig@ontariotechu.net) and include [Coffee] in the subject line, and we can work something out.
🔗SOURCES:
1) [www.ans.org/news/article-2618...]
2) [www.ontario.ca/page/end-coal#... enshrined its commitment in,to generate electricity in Ontario]
3) [www.science.org/content/artic...]
4) [www.researchgate.net/publicat...]
5) [www.brucepower.com/wp-content...]
6) [www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/1...]
📽️VIDEO SOURCES
To be uploaded
🚧 Disclaimer: views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in the video belong solely to Osama, and not necessarily to Osama's employer, organization, committee or other group or individual.

Опубликовано:

12 авг 2024

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Комментарии : 50

@jeremywhitlock8085 2 года назад

Well done Osama! Some interesting (and to some, perhaps surprising) facts about one of the more misunderstood commercial power reactor designs operating today.

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Thanks so much Jeremy. These are some top facts I have on mind when I get asked questions about the CANDU reactor. Grateful for your time to watch this video, thanks for being an inspiration for all nuclear educators Jeremy!

@davidanderson5310 2 года назад

I did actually know four of those facts, but I was very pleased to learn that fusion was dependent on CANDU-produced tritium. Thanks!

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Wonderful, thanks for sharing David!

@EdPheil 2 года назад

Fusion is NOT dependent on CANDU reactors for tritium. .ost of the worlds tritium is produced from Lithium-6 in reactors like Watts Barr 1&2.

@ADFQc Год назад

It is heavily reliant on it because it is one of the easy and cheapest way to make because it is a byproduct of electricity. Sorry for my bad English.

@swokatsamsiyu3590 2 года назад

Yes! Another great video about one of my most favourite reactors! In my humble opinion, the CANDU is one of the most underestimated, unappreciated reactor designs out there. I mean, it's one of the most robust and safe reactors one could hope for. It can use the spent fuel from PWRs as fuel, it makes those medical isotopes, it will run quietly for years on end making electricity without nasty greenhouse emissions etc. And after seeing the Bruce Power videos about how they totally refurbished their Bruce 1 reactors so they can go for another 35 yrs or so, what's not to like? A good friend of mine and me engage regularly in mental exercises on how to solve my country's energy problems. Like Germany, here "nuclear power" is also a very dirty word. And it's all politically driven. We have one NPP, an aging (49 yrs old) PWR in Borssele. We're like; "Why don't they build a CANDU right next to it?!? They have the space. It can use the spent fuel from the neighbours next door to close the fuel cycle. It can make hydrogen for heating houses and as fuel for hydrogen cars. And it will be a backup for when they have to replace the old PWR with a new one. After they replaced the old one we're set for decades to come! Why are they futzing about with the not-so-green biomass?!? There's nothing green about it!" Maybe you need to come over and do a lecture for these governmental nincompoops^^

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Swoka, you are extremely forward thinking, thanks so much for sharing your thoughts. Hydrogen production via nuclear would be an incredible application of the technology. Germany had incredible MOX facilities and usage (recycled fuel), using DUPIC with CANDU would be incredible. Hahaha would love to do a presentation in Germany!

@swokatsamsiyu3590 2 года назад

@@OsamaBaig I'm not in Germany, but next door in the Netherlands^^. And just like in Germany, we have the same illogical, ideologically driven adversity against nuclear power. We do have a 2 billion $$ state-of-the-art LNG pipe-works in the ground that could very easily be converted for use with hydrogen produced by a CANDU (or other reactor type), but Dutch government wants to rip it all out of the ground and use those b*tt-ugly heat pumps instead. Where the electric power is supposed to come from to run these, they don't have an answer to that. Lunacy, sheer lunacy! As to Germany, they had a really good thing going there with their award-winning NPPs. And they were already solving the nuclear "waste" problem with the MOX facilities they had. The choice to completely do away with nuclear is just absolutely mind-boggling to me. I would spend my last savings to see you give a detailed lecture/ presentation in Germany and do the biggest mic drop in the history of mic drops. That would be money well spent!

@dodaexploda 2 года назад

That's some mighty good CANDU attitude!!!!!!! Very good video. I'd be happy to see a block diagram tour of our candu reactors and all of the interesting ins and outs of them. Also all of my fellow Canadians, share this video! Let's show some pride in our fleet and get Osama some views!

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

YESS Doda, thats a dream of mine! Being able to give virtual vlog type tours of nuclear facilities to people on this channel. The plant is a very exciting place to be and I'd love to one day document those experiences

@dodaexploda 2 года назад

@@OsamaBaig that would be pretty stellar. Is there anything stopping you from doing that?

@AlldaylongRock Год назад

The fun thing about CANDUs is that they are basically RBMKs that are on the side, and scrapped Graphite and light water as primary moderator and coolant respectively. Making them substantially safer than the RBMK (if the reactor vessel cracks the reactor simply shuts off) , while keeping its favorable features, running on NU and online refueling. It can further burn used LWPWR SNF, and can also burn thorium with some design tweaks. Tbh, a pretty mature technology for the short term future of nuclear power.

@ArkhamHedler 11 месяцев назад

Yes

@user-di2st5fd1m Год назад

Super informative! Awesome! Thank you 😉

@cecilthornhill4999 Год назад

Osama, great material, but please consider lowering the level of the background music track relative to your voice track 🙂. I was super happy to see this content about the outstanding CANDU technology, but it was a bit hard to hear!

@davidwilkie9551 Год назад

It is astounding to me that all the engineering and obvious benefits of CANDU were clearly identified 5 years before I was born, benefits so convincingly good that certain people could use it to secure their objectives of constructing weapons of mass destruction to the extreme of 50X capability of destroying humanity, instead of protecting the whole Gaian Planetary Ecology and preventing needless mega deaths.

@LFTRnow Год назад

Yes! We need more CANDUs! Why aren't we building them? Also, please lower background music volume for future vids.

@shishirsks 4 месяца назад

Hi Osama, The Indian three stage nuclear program uses the combination of Candu type reactor and fast breeder to mutually feed each other. Could you make a video on the international opinion on this unique Indian endeavour!

@gabikaspackova9122 2 года назад

Wonderful video, thanks Osama

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Thanks so much Gabika!

@ericderbez2446 Год назад

Thank you Osama for extolling the virtues of CANDU reactors (ps Rumania will be building the latest). Quick question. When you say CANDUs are the only source of Tritium, you mean commercially I am guessing? Presumably the US and Russia have their Tritium breeders from Li6 to maintain the thermonuclear stock-pile 'battle ready' given its 12.5 year half life. Right?

@OsamaBaig Год назад

Yes, CANDU's are the only source of "commercial" tritium. Since Russia and US have their own tritium stockpiles for "other" purposes

@ericderbez2446 Год назад

@@OsamaBaig Let's hope Putin has forgotten to restock his tritium supplies for these 'other' purposes. Cheers and keep up the good work. PS I would love to visit the Moltex burners when they are finally built in Canada.

@steveirwin8287 2 года назад

Very good video Osama!!! The coming Tritium shortage should cause a CANDU building spree. Coupling H3 with DUPIC maybe a home run. Question how does a CANDU unit produce Mo99 for hospital use? I know NRU does but I'm not sure I consider that a CANDU. More a reason reactor, a very old one!!! A very productive old one.

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Yes indeed, large scale tritium production for Fusion reactors and using DUPIC would be a very good goal. The way CANDU's produce Mo-99 or any other isotope is by inserting these isotopes into the reactor core while its operating. When you introduce these isotopes to a neutron source, they become activated. Of course, there are calculations you've got to make in order for the Mo-99 targets to be exposed to the right amount and for the correct period of time. Next you've got to harvest them, package and ship them across to facilities in the world. This is an over simplification of the process, however there is a LOT of design, safety analysis and regulatory approvals involved in the process

@larsinthefuture 2 года назад

Great video, thanks.

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Appreciate it, thanks Lars!

@rhonda-my_honda_cb500x3 Год назад

@ 07:39 I had to chuckle a bit. "... D+T fusion is the easiest to achieve". It's more accurate to say "D+T fusion is the least hard to achieve (for net power gain)" which is still 99.99% impossible 🤨🤔

@ancapftw9113 Год назад

Every nuclear reactor makes tritium one of the issues with Fukushima was that it released tritium into the local.water supply.

@RevMikeBlack Год назад

Interesting info. Unfortunately, the music really interferes with your excellent commentary. It's unnecessary and distracting.

@goranz9446 Год назад

Can't say I'm crazy about production of radioisitopes for cure for cancer. Its awfull. Controled cost effective nuclear fusion will never be achieved, so the tritium remains a problem, luckily not so longterm. Im interested about further enhancing of the neutron economy. Can it be done with beryilium coating inside the reactor.

@EdPheil 2 года назад

Most of the world's tritium is produced in reactors like Watts Barr pwr's in the US, formed from Lithium-6.

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Hi Ed Pheil, I believe you posted the same comment on a Linkedin Video post as well. Net output of commercial grade tritium being supplied to Fusion research reactors across the world comes from CANDU. I'm curious to know what is the annual tritium supply of Watts Bar compared to the entire CANDU fleet in Canada and South Korea? Which one has a larger commercial tritium output

@jensjensen382 2 года назад

How complicated and expensive is it reprocessing of spent PWR fuel for use in a CANDU reactor compared with "fresh" fuel?

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

DUPIC is a future topic I want to have dedicated videos on. However, in the meantime check out this research paper on page 361 and section 2.4.2 it has more information on cost comparison for DUPIC fuel. It also has a lot of information on the technical specifics of re-processing www.researchgate.net/publication/264177252_The_status_and_prospect_of_DUPIC_fuel_technology

@joncampbell2298 2 года назад

@@OsamaBaig This is a very cool video. Please make the video about DUPIC because at first, it sounded like a ponzi scheme to me. "Too Good Too Be True" type of vibe.

@kasel1979krettnach Год назад

with it's circular shape probably RBMK fuel is more suitable for insertion into Candu.

@alexforget Год назад

What is the downside? There must be something otherwise it wouldn’t be the third most popular? I thought that candu where obsolete technology, replaced by newer design, is there a renaissance of this type? Will the new small modular reactor will use candu?

@OsamaBaig Год назад

All reactor tech has its unique upside and downsides. However, popularity of a reactor design is not directly correlated to its performance. CANDU was developed much later and did not have the massive technical capabilities that the United States had to export/develop its technology. This might be some reasons why its the 3rd most popular. Moreover, I don't think CANDU is obsolete. It can be used strategically for medical isotope production and burning Nuclear waste from PWR Reactors.

@kaya051285 9 месяцев назад

CANDU is physically bigger than PWRs so can't be used in nuclear subs. The real benefit of nuclear power technology was to create nuclear submarines For submarines you need a physically small reactor with a lot of power and ideally a 30-50 year life without refusing. That's not possible with CANDO I'm not sure/convinced that CANDU is better than BWR/PWR for stationary power storage but it seems like a reasonable reactor that has proven itself to be workable unlike say the British AGRs which while intersting were arguably a mistake and the Brits have moved over to PWRs

@kaya051285 9 месяцев назад

@@OsamaBaigCANDU can't be used for nuclear subs as it'd physically bigger/heavier than PWRs The trump card of nuclear reactors was enabling the navy to build nuclear subs You need a reactor that is physically small and powerful and ideally one which doesn't need refueling for 30+ years You can do that with a highly enriched uranium PWR you can't do that with a CANDU 1952 first nuclear sub 1957 first commercial nuclear power plant So they just built what they knew (nuclear ships) but bigger If Canada had dreams of independent nuclear ships they probably would have gone PWRs too

@jivinliew 2 года назад

Sir, I have a question, let’s just say a country is at war and a nuclear power plant is attacked, can it meltdown or no, what are the safety precautions in place

@OsamaBaig 2 года назад

Simple answer is no Jivin, in my humble opinion. There are two reasons for this. #1- Reactor containment buildings surround a nuclear reactor. These are some of the hardest structures in the world. They are designed to withstand impact from a commercial jet flying into it at full speed. The design and Engineering behind the heavy concrete and rebar that holds these containment buildings is superb #2 Nuclear power reactors are assets. It is in no nations best interest to damage these reactors

@jivinliew 2 года назад

@@OsamaBaig Alright, thank you for answering my question! ;)

@kasel1979krettnach Год назад

the background music is louder than your voice...

@OsamaBaig Год назад

Really, I thought it was an okay volume. Maybe your not listening with headphones Andreas

@kasel1979krettnach Год назад

@@OsamaBaig correct